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Bạn nhân 2 cả 3 câu rồi phân tích ra hằng đẳng thức là được
\(x^2-y=y^2-x\Leftrightarrow x^2-y^2+x-y=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+\left(x-y\right)=0\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=y\\x+y=-1\end{cases}}\)
loại x=y do \(x\ne y\)
\(A=\left(x+y\right)^2-3\left(x+y\right)=\left(-1\right)^2-3.\left(-1\right)=1+3=4\)
Trước 1 bài nha
câu 3: \(x+y=2\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+2xy=4\Rightarrow20+2xy=4\left(x^2+y^2=20\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2xy=-16\Rightarrow xy=-8\)
Mặt khác \(x+y=2\Rightarrow x^3+y^2+3xy\left(x+y\right)=8\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+3.\left(-8\right).2=8\left(xy=-8,x+y=2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3=8-\left[3.\left(-8\right).2\right]=56\)
Bài 3:
a) ta có: \(A=x^2+4x+9\)
\(=x^2+4x+4+5=\left(x+2\right)^2+5\)
Ta có: \(\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2+5\ge5\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi
\(\left(x+2\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x+2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
Vậy: GTNN của đa thức \(A=x^2+4x+9\) là 5 khi x=-2
b) Ta có: \(B=2x^2-20x+53\)
\(=2\left(x^2-10x+\frac{53}{2}\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2-10x+25+\frac{3}{2}\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x-5\right)^2+\frac{3}{2}\right]\)
\(=2\left(x-5\right)^2+2\cdot\frac{3}{2}\)
\(=2\left(x-5\right)^2+3\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-5\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x-5\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x-5\right)^2+3\ge3\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi
\(2\left(x-5\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x-5=0\Leftrightarrow x=5\)
Vậy: GTNN của đa thức \(B=2x^2-20x+53\) là 3 khi x=5
c) Ta có : \(M=1+6x-x^2\)
\(=-x^2+6x+1\)
\(=-\left(x^2-6x-1\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-6x+9-10\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(x-3\right)^2-10\right]\)
\(=-\left(x-3\right)^2+10\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x-3\right)^2\le0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x-3\right)^2+10\le10\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi
\(-\left(x-3\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x-3=0\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
Vậy: GTLN của đa thức \(M=1+6x-x^2\) là 10 khi x=3
Bài 2:
a) \(\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x^2-y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-y\right).\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right).\left(x+y+x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right).2x\)
c) \(x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2+2zt-t^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-\left(z^2-2zt+t^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(z-t\right)^2\)
\(=\left[x-y-\left(z-t\right)\right].\left(x-y+z-t\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y-z+t\right).\left(x-y+z-t\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
1. \(x^3-x^2+x-1=(x^3-x^2)+(x-1)\)
\(=x^2(x-1)+(x-1)=(x^2+1)(x-1)\)
2. \(6x^2y-2xy^2+3x-y=2xy(3x-y)+(3x-y)\)
\(=(3x-y)(2xy+1)\)
3. \(4x^2+1\) thì còn cái gì để phân tích hả bạn? Hay ý bạn là \(4x^4+1\)?
\(4x^4+1=(2x^2)^2+1=(2x^2)^2+1+4x^2-4x^2\)
\(=(2x^2+1)^2-(2x)^2=(2x^2+1-2x)(2x^2+1+2x)\)
4. \(x^2-9x+8=(x^2-x)-(8x-8)\)
\(=x(x-1)-8(x-1)=(x-1)(x-8)\)
5. \(x^3-2x^2y+3xy^2=x(x^2-2xy+3y^2)\)
6. \(x^2-6x+y-y^2\) (sai đề)
7. \(x^2-xy-2x+2y=(x^2-xy)-(2x-2y)\)
\(=x(x-y)-2(x-y)=(x-y)(x-2)\)
a , \(-q^3+12q^2x-48qx^2+64x^3\)
\(=-\left(q^3-12q^2x+48qx^2-64x^3\right)\)
\(=\)\(-\left(q-4x\right)^3\)
b , x2 + 2xy - y2 - 9
= - ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) - 9
= - ( x - y )2 - 9
= ( - x + y - 3 ) ( x - y + 3 )
3 , 1 - m2 + 2mn - n2
= 1 - ( m2 - 2mn + n2 )
= 1 - ( m - n )2
= ( 1 - m + n ) ( 1 + m - n )
4 , x3 - 8 + 6a2 - 12a
= x3 + 6a2 - 12a + 8
= x3 + 6a2 - 12a + 4 + 4
= x3 + ( 6a2 - 12a + 4 ) + 4
= x3 + ( 3a - 2 )2 + 4
= ( x + 3a - 2 + 2 ) ( x2 + 3a + 2 + 2 )
( Mai làm tiếp mấy ý sau '-' muộn rồi ~ )
5 , x2 - 2xy + y2 - xz - yz
= ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) - ( xz + yz )
= ( x - y )2 - z ( x + y )
= ( x - y ) 2 - z ( x - y )
= ( x - y ) ( x - y - z )
6 , x2 - 4xy + 4y 2 - z2 + 4z - 4t2
=( x2 - 4xy + 4y 2 ) - (z2 - 4z +4 ) . t2
= ( x - y )2 - ( z - 2 )2 . t2
= ( x - y - z - 2 ) ( x - y + z - 2 ) t2
7 , 25 - 4x2 - 4xy - y2
= 25 + ( - 4x2 - 4xy + y2 )
= 25 + ( 2x - y )2
= ( 5 + 2x - y ) ( 5 + 2x + y )
8 ,
x3 + y3 + z3 - 3xyz
= (x+y)3 - 3xy (x - y ) + z3 - 3xyz
= [ ( x + y)3 + z3 ] - 3xy ( x + y + z )
= ( x + y + z )3 - 3z ( x + y )( x + y + z ) - 3xy ( x - y - z )
= ( x + y + z )[( x + y + z )2 - 3z ( x + y ) - 3xy ]
= ( x + y + z )( x2 + y2 + z2 + 2xy + 2xz + 2yz - 3xz - 3yz - 3xy)
= ( x + y + z)(x2 + y2 + z2 - xy - xz - yz)
c) \(P=\frac{x^2-2x+2012}{x^2}\) \(\left(x\ne0\right)\) và \(\left(x\ge1\right)\)
Ta có: \(P=\frac{x^2-2x+2012}{x^2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(P=\frac{2012x^2-2.2012x+2012^2}{2012x^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(P=\frac{\left(x-2012\right)^2+2011x^2}{2012x^2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(P=\frac{\left(x-2012\right)^2}{2012x^2}+\frac{2011}{2012}\ge\frac{2011}{2012}\) với mọi \(x\ge1\)
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x-2012\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x-2012=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x=2012\)
Vậy, \(P_{min}=\frac{2011}{2012}\) khi \(x=2012\)
b) Từ giả thiết \(a^2+b^2+c^2=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\) , ta suy ra \(ab+bc+ca=0\)
nên \(a^2+2bc=a^2+bc+\left(-ab-ac\right)=a\left(a-b\right)-c\left(a-b\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\)
Tương tự, \(b^2+2ca=\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\) \(;\) \(c^2+2ab=\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\)
Do đó, \(A=\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\frac{b-c+c-a+a-b}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}=0\)
Bài 1 :
b, Ta có : \(4x^2-25-\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+7\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+5\right)-\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+7\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+5-2x-7\right)\)
\(=-2\left(2x-5\right)\)
c, Ta có : \(x^3+27+\left(x+3\right)\left(x-9\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)+\left(x+3\right)\left(x-9\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9+x-9\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
Bài 2 :
a, Để \(x^3+3x^2+3x-2⋮x+1\)
<=> \(x^3+1+3x^2+3x-3⋮x+1\)
<=> \(\left(x+1\right)^3-3⋮x+1\)
Ta thấy : \(\left(x+1\right)^3⋮x+1\)
<=> \(-3⋮x+1\)
<=> \(x+1\inƯ_{\left(3\right)}\)
<=> \(x+1=\left\{1,-1,3,-3\right\}\)
<=> \(x=\left\{0,-2,2,-4\right\}\)
Vậy ...
b, Để \(2x^2+x-7⋮x-2\)
<=> \(2x^2-8x+8+9x-15⋮x-2\)
<=> \(2\left(x-2\right)^2+9x-15⋮x-2\)
Ta thấy : \(2\left(x-2\right)^2⋮x-2\)
<=> \(9x-15⋮x-2\)
<=> \(9x-18+3⋮x-2\)
Ta thấy : \(8\left(x-2\right)⋮x-2\)
<=> \(3⋮x-2\)
<=> \(x-2\inƯ_{\left(3\right)}\)
<=> \(x-2=\left\{1,-1,3,-3\right\}\)
<=> \(x=\left\{3,1,5,-1\right\}\)
Vậy ...
Ta có: N-M
\(=-3x^2y^2-2xy^2+2-\left(3x^2y^2-8xy^2+2y^2-1\right)\)
\(=-3x^2y^2-2xy^2+2-3x^2y^2+8xy^2-2y^2+1\)
\(=-6x^2y^2+6xy^2-2y^2+3\)
−6x2y2+6xy2−2y2+3