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Bài 2:
Tìm GTLN: \(x^2+xy+y^2=3\Leftrightarrow xy=\left(x+y\right)^2-3\Rightarrow xy\ge-3\Rightarrow-7xy\le21\)
\(P=2\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-7xy\le2.3+21=27\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\xy=-3\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\sqrt{3},y=-\sqrt{3}\\x=-\sqrt{3},y=\sqrt{3}\end{cases}}\)
Tìm GTNN:
Chứng minh \(xy\le\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)\Rightarrow\frac{3}{2}xy\le\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2+xy\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{2}xy\le\frac{3}{2}\Rightarrow xy\le1\Rightarrow-7xy\ge-7\)
\(P=2\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-7xy\ge2.3-7=-1\)
Chúc bạn học tốt.
Làm bài 1 ha :)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô si ta có:
\(\left(1-x^3\right)+\left(1-y^3\right)+\left(1-z^3\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(1-x^3\right)\left(1-y^3\right)\left(1-z^3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3-\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)}{3}\ge\sqrt[3]{\left(1-x^3\right)\left(1-y^3\right)\left(1-z^3\right)}\)
Mặt khác:\(\frac{3-\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)}{3}\le\frac{3-3xyz}{3}=1-xyz\)
Khi đó:
\(\left(1-xyz\right)^3\ge\left(1-x^3\right)\left(1-y^3\right)\left(1-z^3\right)\)
Giống Holder ghê vậy ta :D
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111+11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111-2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222=?
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{x^2+x}+\frac{x+1}{4x}\ge\frac{1}{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^2+x}\ge\frac{3}{4x}-\frac{1}{4}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{y^2+y}\ge\frac{3}{4y}-\frac{1}{4}\left(2\right)\\\frac{1}{z^2+z}\ge\frac{3}{4z}-\frac{1}{4}\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Cộng (1), (2), (3) vế theo vế ta được:
\(P=\frac{1}{x^2+x}+\frac{1}{y^2+y}+\frac{1}{z^2+z}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)-\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\ge\frac{3}{4}.\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy GTNN là \(P=\frac{3}{2}\)đạt được khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2=9\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge9\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge3\)
Lại áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
\(P=\frac{1}{x^2+x}+\frac{1}{y^2+y}+\frac{1}{z^2+z}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x^2+x+y^2+y+z^2+z}\)
\(=\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{3+3}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}xyz=12\\x^3+y^3+z^3=36\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xyz+z^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2\right)-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\left(x+y+z>0\right)\)
Thay x=y=z vào r tính thôi bạn
\(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{2}{xy}-\frac{1}{z^2}\)
Khai triển cả 2 vế ta được \(\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\\\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}=0\end{cases}}\)=>\(\frac{1}{x}=\frac{1}{y}\Rightarrow x=y\)
=>\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{z}=2\Rightarrow\frac{4}{x^2}+\frac{4}{xz}+\frac{1}{z^2}=4\)(1)
\(\frac{2}{xy}-\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{x^2}-\frac{1}{z^2}=4\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra
\(\frac{2}{x^2}+\frac{4}{xz}+\frac{2}{z^2}=0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{2}{xz}+\frac{1}{z^2}=0\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=0\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}=0\Rightarrow x=y=-z\)
=> \(P=\left(x+2y+z\right)^{2019}=\left(2y\right)^{2019}\)
à thêm cái này nữa. Sorry viết thiếu
Vì x=y=-z\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{x}-\frac{1}{x}=2\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}=2\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}.\)
lúc đó \(P=\left(2.\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2019}=1\)
Đặt: \(E=\frac{y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{z^4}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{x^4}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
Ta có: \(F-E=\frac{x^4-y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{y^4-z^4}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{z^4-x^4}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)+\left(y-z\right)+\left(z-x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow F=E\)
Từ đó ta có:
\(2F=\frac{x^4+y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{y^4+z^4}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{z^4+x^4}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{\left(y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{\left(z^2+x^2\right)^2}{2\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{\left(y^2+z^2\right)}{2\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{\left(z^2+x^2\right)}{2\left(z+x\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{\left(y+z\right)^2}{4\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{\left(z+x\right)^2}{4\left(z+x\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x+y}{4}+\frac{y+z}{4}+\frac{z+x}{4}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow F\ge\frac{1}{4}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
Bạn ơi, cho mình hỏi này
Sao có \(\frac{x^4+y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\) và sao có \(\frac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{2}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4\left(x+y\right)}\)
Giải đáp tận tình hộ mình nhé.
Ta có : \(x^2+2y+1=0;y^2+2z+1=0;z^2+2x+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+2y+1=y^2+2z+1=z^2+2x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+2y+1-y^2-2z-1-z^2-2x-1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(y^2-2y+1\right)-\left(z^2+2z+1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(y-1\right)^2-\left(z+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-1\right)^2=0\\\left(z+1\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y-1=0\\z+1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=1\\z=-1\end{cases}}\)
Thay \(x=1;y=1;z=-1\)vào A ta có :
\(A=1^{2015}+1^{2016}+\left(-1\right)^{2017}=1+1-1=1\)
Vậy A = 1
Từ \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+2y+1=0\\y^2+2z+1=0\\z^2+2x+1=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+2y+1+y^2+2z+1+z^2+2x+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)+\left(z^2+2z+1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+\left(z+1\right)^2=0\left(1\right)\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\\left(y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\\\left(z+1\right)^2\ge0\forall z\end{cases}\left(2\right)}\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\)và \(\left(2\right)\):
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)^2=0\\\left(y+1\right)^2=0\\\left(z+1\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\y+1=0\\z+1=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=y=z=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(-1\right)^{2015}+\left(-1\right)^{2016}+\left(-1\right)^{2017}=-1+1-1=-1\)
Vậy \(A=-1\)
Ko
Ko