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Ta co:
\(\sqrt[4]{4}VT=\sqrt[4]{4}\sqrt[4]{a^3}+\sqrt[4]{4}\sqrt[4]{b^3}+\sqrt[4]{4}\sqrt[4]{c^3}\)
\(=\sqrt[4]{4a^3}+\sqrt[4]{4b^3}+\sqrt[4]{4c^3}\)
\(=\sqrt[4]{\left(a+b+c\right)a^3}+\sqrt[4]{\left(a+b+c\right)b^3}+\sqrt[4]{\left(a+b+c\right)c^3}\)
\(>\sqrt[4]{a^4}+\sqrt[4]{b^4}+\sqrt[4]{c^4}=a+b+c\)
\(\Rightarrow VT>\frac{a+b+c}{\sqrt[4]{4}}=\frac{4}{\sqrt[4]{4}}=2\sqrt{2}\)
Bài 1:
\(A=\sqrt{5-2\sqrt{6}}+\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{6}}=\sqrt{2+3-2\sqrt{2.3}}+\sqrt{2+3+2\sqrt{2.3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3})^2}+\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3})^2}\)
\(=|\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}|+|\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}|=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}=2\sqrt{3}\)
\(B=(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{6})\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}\)
\(=(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{6}).\sqrt{3+5-2\sqrt{3.5}}\)
\(=(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{6})\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})=\sqrt{2}(5-3)=2\sqrt{2}\)
\(C=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{7}}+\sqrt{4-\sqrt{7}}\)
\(C^2=8+2\sqrt{(4+\sqrt{7})(4-\sqrt{7})}=8+2\sqrt{4^2-7}=8+2.3=14\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\sqrt{14}\)
\(D=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1).\sqrt{2}\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1).\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1).\sqrt{5+1-2\sqrt{5.1}}\)
\(=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1).\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-1)^2}\)
\(=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1)^2=(3+\sqrt{5})(6-2\sqrt{5})=2(3+\sqrt{5})(3-\sqrt{5})=2(3^2-5)=8\)
Bài 2:
a) Bạn xem lại đề.
b) \(x-2\sqrt{xy}+y=(\sqrt{x})^2-2\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{y}+(\sqrt{y})^2=(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})^2\)
c)
\(\sqrt{xy}+2\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{y}-6=(\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{y}+2\sqrt{x})-(3\sqrt{y}+6)\)
\(=\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{y}+2)-3(\sqrt{y}+2)=(\sqrt{x}-3)(\sqrt{y}+2)\)
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\right)^2}{3}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^4}{27}=\frac{1}{27}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ở bài trên mình làm ko phải là Svac mà là BĐT cổ điển suy ra từ hằng đẳng thức
\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\) \(\forall a;b;c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2\ge2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2+3b^2+3c^2\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
a) \(\left(3+1\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{33}\right)\left(\sqrt{22}+\sqrt{6}+4\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{11}\right).\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{11}+\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{6}\left(\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{11}\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{11}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{6}\left[\left(\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}\right)^2-11\right]=\sqrt{6}\left(11+4\sqrt{6}-11\right)=\sqrt{6}.4\sqrt{6}=6.4=24\)
b) \(\left(\frac{1}{5-2\sqrt{6}}+\frac{2}{5+2\sqrt{6}}\right)\left(15+2\sqrt{6}\right)=\left(\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}+10-4\sqrt{6}}{5^2-\left(2\sqrt{6}\right)^2}\right)\left(15+2\sqrt{6}\right)\)
\(=\left(15-2\sqrt{6}\right)\left(15+2\sqrt{6}\right)=15^2-24=201\)
C) \(\left(\frac{4}{3}.\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3\frac{1}{3}}\right)\left(\sqrt{1,2}+\sqrt{2}-4\sqrt{\frac{1}{5}}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{4}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{\sqrt{10}}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\left(\frac{\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{5}}+\frac{\sqrt{10}}{\sqrt{5}}-\frac{4}{\sqrt{5}}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{15}}\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{10}+4\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{10}-4\right)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{15}}\left[\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{10}\right)^2-16\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{15}}\left(16+4\sqrt{15}-16\right)=\frac{4\sqrt{15}}{\sqrt{15}}=4\)
d) \(\sqrt{\left(1-\sqrt{1989}\right)^2}.\sqrt{1990+2\sqrt{1989}}=\sqrt{\left(1-\sqrt{1989}\right)^2}.\sqrt{1989+2\sqrt{1989}+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(1-\sqrt{1989}\right)^2}.\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{1989}+1\right)^2}=\left(\sqrt{1989}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{1989}+1\right)=1989-1=1988\)
e) \(\frac{a-\sqrt{ab}+b}{a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}}-\frac{1}{a-b}=\frac{a-\sqrt{ab}+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a-\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}-\frac{1}{a-b}=\frac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}-\frac{1}{a-b}=\frac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}-1}{a-b}\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\) thì x, y, z > 0; x + y + z = 1. Quy về: \(\sqrt{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{yz}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{zx}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{xy}}\ge\sqrt{\frac{1}{xyz}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{x}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{y}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{z}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+yz}+\sqrt{y+zx}+\sqrt{z+xy}\ge1+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{x+yz}+\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{y+zx}+\sqrt{zx}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{z+xy}+\sqrt{xy}}\ge1\) (chuyển vế qua nhóm lại rồi liên hợp)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}+\sqrt{yz}}\ge1\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\sqrt{yz}}\ge1\)
BĐT này đúng! Thật vậy:
\(VT\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)+\left(z+z\right)}{2}+\frac{\left(y+z\right)}{2}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{x+y+z}=\frac{x+y+z}{x+y+z}=1\)
Ta có đpcm. Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=3\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a^2+b^2}=x\\\sqrt{b^2+c^2}=y\\\sqrt{c^2+a^2}=z\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x,y,z>0\\x+y+z=1\end{cases}}\)
Và \(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2=\frac{x^2+z^2-y^2}{2}\\b^2=\frac{x^2+y^2-z^2}{2}\\c^2=\frac{y^2+z^2-x^2}{2}\end{cases}}\) và \(\hept{\begin{cases}b+c\le\sqrt{2\left(b^2+c^2\right)}=\sqrt{2}y\\a+b\le\sqrt{2}x\\c+a\le\sqrt{2}z\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(\frac{x^2+z^2-y^2}{y}+\frac{x^2+y^2-z^2}{2z}+\frac{y^2+z^2-x^2}{x}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z}-\left(x+y+z\right)\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(x+y+z\right)=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
Ta có BĐT:\(\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\left(m^3+n^3+p^3\right)\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)\ge\left(axm+byn+czp\right)^3\)(Cách c/m bn có thể tìm trên mạng)
Áp dụng ta có:\(\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right).9\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^3=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge\frac{1}{9}\)
Vì \(a,b,c\ge0;a+b+c=1\)\(\Rightarrow0\le a,b,c\le1\)
Đến đây làm tiếp nhé.
Sử dụng Cô-si đi cho đơn giản:
Dự đoán điểm rơi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(a\sqrt{a}+a\sqrt{a}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{3}}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{3\sqrt{3}}}=\sqrt{3}a\)
Tương tự: \(b\sqrt{b}+b\sqrt{b}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{3}}\ge\sqrt{3}b\); \(c\sqrt{c}+c\sqrt{c}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{3}}\ge\sqrt{3}c\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c}\right)+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\ge\sqrt{3}\left(a+b+c\right)=\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c}\right)\ge\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)