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Exercise 1: RELATIVE CLAUSES : Choose the best answer to complete these sentences.
1. An architect is someone ……………designs buildings.
A. who B. that C. which D. it
2. That is the new teacher about……….the students are talking.
A. that B. who C. whose D. whom
3. This subject,…………..going to discuss, is very important.
A. which we are B. which are we C. that we are D. A and C are correct
4. I come from a city …………..is located in the southern part of the country.
A. who B. whom C. that D. whose
EX2: REPORTED SPEECH: Choose the best answer to complete these sentences.
1. Julia said that she…………….. there at noon.
A. is going to be B. was going to be C. will be D. can be
2. He………….. that he was leaving way that afternoon.
A. told me B. told to me C. said me D. says to me
3. She said to me that she……………. to me the Sunday before.
A. wrote B. has written C. was writing D. had written
4.I ………….him to sell that old motorbike.
A. said to B. suggested C. advised D. recommended
5. I wondered………………….. the right thing.
A. whether I was doing B. if I am doing C. was I doing D. am I doing
6. I asked Martha…………… to enter law school.
A. are you planning B. is she planning C. was she planning D. if she was planning
7. Nam wanted to know what time……………….
A. does the movie begin B. did the movie begin C. the movie begins D. the movie began
9. The scientist said the earth ……………..the sun.
A. goes round B. is going around C. went around D. was going around
10. They said that they had been driving through the desert...........
A. the previous day B. yesterday C. the last day D. Sunday previously
Exercise 9: Combine these sentences using one of these words: Who, Whom. That, Which, Whose
1. Stop him. He's the man. He stole my wallet. (Who)
=> Stop him. He's the man who stole my wallet.
2. Mr. David comes from England. He has never been to Vietnam. ( who)
=> Mr. David, who comes from England, has never been to Vietnam.
3.I'm staying with the boy. His brother looks very handsome. ( whose)
=> I'm staying with the boy whose brother looks very handsome.
4.We talked about the books and writers. That made us bored. ( which)
=> We talked about the books and writers, which made us bored.
5.Henry is also a member of the board. You'll meet him tomorrow, (who)
=> Henry, whom you'll meet tomorrow, is also a member of the board.
6. Can you answer the questions. I ask you those questions? (which)
=> Can you answer the questions which I ask you?
7. The lady is a teacher at our school. Her son went on a picnic with us last weekend. (whose)
=> The lady whose son went on a picnic with us last weekend is a teacher at our school.
8. He is the only friend. I like him. (whom)
=> He is the only friend whom I like.
9. He can't swim. That makes me surprised. (which)
=> He can't swim, which makes me surprised.
10. We are visiting Ha Long. It is in the north of Viet Nam. ( which)
=> We are visiting Ha Long which is in the north of Viet Nam.
11. They have invented a television set. It is small as a watch. ( which)
=> They have invented a television set which is small as a watch.
12. We visited children. Their parents are dead in that flood. (whose)
=> We visited children whose parents are dead in that flood.
13. I'm talking about Tom. He is really friendly. ( who)
=> 'm talking about Tom who is really friendly.
14. The student did this exercise. He might be very intelligent. (who)
=> The student who did this exercise might be very intelligent.
15. Peter couldn't come to the party last night. That was really a pity. (which)
=> Peter couldn't come to the party last night, which was really a pity.
1. The phrase "digital natives" refers to people who are familiar with computers and the internet from an early age.
2. The internet will motivate students to study more effectively
3. Please don't ask him questions about his family. He hates answering personal questions
4. Our students are very excited when they have opportunities to do physical exercise
5. My son, who is a promising pianist, is now interested in composing electronic music
6. Many teacher have now understood the benefits that mobile devices can bring
7. I'm looking for some new applications to put on my smartphone to improve my English pronunciation
8. The ringing sound from mobile phones is disruptive and annoying in the classroom
9. People are now familiar with the term m-learning or mobile learning,which focuses on the use of personal electric devices
10. In the grammar part of this unit we study relative clauses
11. That laptop, which has the latest technology,is very expensive
12. Some of my classmates think that it is not easy to know which clause is defining and which is non-defining
,Put the verbs in brackets in their correct form
1, If we (not) don't on electricity, there will be power cuts
2, I hope he (finish) will finish his homework before we (get) get back
3, If we sit too far away from the screen I (not be) won't be able to see the film
4, Listen to those people! What langauge are they (speak) speaking?
5,It is an awful fim. It (be) is the worst film that I ever (see) have seen
6,Khanh usually (play) plays football with his friends after school, but yesterday he (not play ) didn't play as he was tired
7,After three days of rain, I'm glad the sun (shine) shines again today
8, ___ I know from my experience that (gain)___ a good knowledge of a foreign language, one must work hard at it every day.
9, I (repaint) repainted the walls. They lock great! The room (be) is much lighter now.
10, Someone (steal) will steal your car if you leave it unlicked
11, If he (wash) washes my car , I'll give him $10
12, They'll be very angry if she (make) makes any more mistakes
13, If you are late, they (not let) won't let you in.
14, If lend you $10, when will you (repay) repay me?
15, If I find your passport, I (telephone) will telephone you at once
16,He will ruin his eyes if he (read) reads in bad light
17, If I tell you a secrect, will you (promise) promise not to tell it to anyone else?
18, If I see him, I (give) will get him a lift
19, If he (be) is late, we'll go without him
2,Give the correct form of the words in brackets to finish the letter
Dear Kay,
Isabella and I are having the (good) best holiday of our life! We are in Vinabliss Resort, one of the (lovely) most lovely islands in the Eastern Sea. Although it is much (small) smaller than Vinaland, there seems to be (much) more to do than in Vinaland. Moreover, the people here seem to be (friendly) more friendly than those on other islands. We are staying in the (moden) more modern hotel I have ever seen. It is far(comfortable) more comfortable than any other and it is even (big) bigger than the world-famous Calton hotel .The (near) nearest beach is (little) less than a hundred metres away, so we can swimin a lot. It's really good and I want you to be here with us.
Love,
Maltida
3,Choose a suitable word from the box put in each blank to finish the passage
| from | means | in | waste | possible |
| wind | should | green | However | who |
Much of our waste, especially waste (1) from factories, electric-poweres stations, the chemica indusrty and heavy industry, is very dangerous. Fish die (2) in the lakes, rivers and seas; forest trees die, too. Much of this dangerous (3) waste goes into the air and is carried by the (4) wind for great distances.
The Earth is our home. We (5) should take care of it, for ourselves, and for our children and grandchidren. This (6) means we have to keep our enviroment (7) green and clean. The importance of this task is pointed out by ecologists-the scientists (8) who study the relations between living things and the enviroment . (9) However , each of us must do everything (10) possible to keep the land, air and water clean
| trees | metal | protect | damage | recycle | enviroment |
| danger | rubbish | save | animals |
11, Some factories recycle empty bottles and cans
12,We shouldn't damage forests.
13, It's important to save our skin from harmful effects from the sun
14, Metal, paper and glass can recycle
15, We should plant more trees in our city
16, We have to do everything to protect the environment
17, Some animals in the world are in danger now
18, Don't throw rubbish in the streets
19, People are doing a lot of things to damage the environment
20, We are destroying wild animals and plants
4, Join the pairs of sentences, using the suggestions given in brackets
1, I must ring john. i won't forget, I hope.(I hope I....)
=> I hope I won't forget to ring John
2, His uncle helped him. He was able to finish his course.(Because....)
=> Because his uuncle helped him, he was able to finish his course
3,I think we should go ahead. No one disapproves of the plan.(As..)
=> As no one disapproves of the plan , we should go ahead
4, It was raining heavily. They continued to play tennis. (Although ...)
=> Although it was raining heavily , they continued to play tennis
5, "Ambulance" is written backwawrds. You can read it in the mirror (....so....)
=> "Ambulance" is written backwawrds so you can read it in the mirror
EX1:
1. She has two brothers, ...are engineer
A. whom both
B. both who
C, both of whom
D, both whom
2. Extinction means a situation ..... a plant, an animal or a way of life stops existing.
A. to which
B, for which
C, on which
D, in which
3. The party,..... I was the guest of honor, was extremely enjoyable
A. at that
B, at which
C. to that
D. to which
4. Ann has a lot of books,..... she has never read
A/most of that
B. most of these
C. most of which
D. which most of them
5. We have just visited disadvantaged children in an orphanage .....in Bac Ninh Province
A. located
B.locating
C.which locates
D. to locate
6. An endangered species is a species..... population is so small that it is in danger of becoming extinct
A.whose
B. which
C. what
D. who
7. Pumpkin seeds,..... protein and iron, are a popular snack
A. that
B, provide
C. which
D. which provide
8. He lives in a small town
A. where is called Taunton
B. which is called Taunton
C. is called Taunton
D. that called Taunton
9. .........instructed me how to make a good preparation for a job interview
A. John Robbins to that I spoke by telephone
B. John Robbins, that I spoke by telephone
C. John Robbins I spoke to telephone
D. John Robbins, whom I spoke to by telephone
10. The scientists..... on this project try to find the solution to air pollution
A.working
B, worked
C. are working
D,who working
#maymay#
Help me
PAPER RECYCLING
A Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. Unlike the minerals and oil used to make plastics and metals, trees are replaceable. Paper is also biodegradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded. While 45 out of every 100 tonnes of wood fibre used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fibre from forests and plantations. By world standards, this is a good performance since the worldwide average is 33 percent waste paper. Governments have encouraged waste paper collection and sorting schemes and at the same time, the paper industry has responded by developing new recycling technologies that have paved the way for even greater utilization of used fibre. As a result, industry’s use of recycled fibres is expected to increase at twice the rate of virgin fibre over the coming years.
B Already, waste paper constitutes 70% of paper used for packaging and advances in the technology required to remove ink from the paper have allowed a higher recycled content in newsprint and writing paper. To achieve the benefits of recycling, the community must also contribute. We need to accept a change in the quality of paper products; for example, stationery may be less white and of a rougher texture. There also needs to support from the community for waste paper collection programs. Not only do we need to make the paper available to collectors but it also needs to be separated into different types and sorted from contaminants such as staples, paperclips, string and other miscellaneous items.
C There are technical limitations to the amount of paper which can be recycled and some paper products cannot be collected for re-use. These include paper in the form of books and permanent records, photographic paper and paper which is badly contaminated. The four most common sources of paper for recycling are factories and retail stores which gather large amounts of packaging material in which goods are delivered, also offices which have unwanted business documents and computer output, paper converters and printers and lastly households which discard newspapers and packaging material. The paper manufacturer pays a price for the paper and may also incur the collection cost.
D Once collected, the paper has to be sorted by hand by people trained to recognise various types of paper. This is necessary because some types of paper can only be made from particular kinds of recycled fibre. The sorted paper then has to be repulped or mixed with water and broken down into its individual fibres. This mixture is called stock and may contain a wide variety of contaminating materials, particularly if it is made from mixed waste paper which has had little sorting. Various machineries are used to remove other materials from the stock. After passing through the repulping process, the fibres from printed waste paper are grey in colour because the printing ink has soaked into the individual fibres. This recycled material can only be used in products where the grey colour does not matter, such as cardboard boxes but if the grey colour is not acceptable, the fibres must be de-inked. This involves adding chemicals such as caustic soda or other alkalis, soaps and detergents, water-hardening agents such as calcium chloride, frothing agents and bleaching agents. Before the recycled fibres can be made into paper they must be refined or treated in such a way that they bond together.
E Most paper products must contain some virgin fibre as well as recycled fibres and unlike glass, paper cannot be recycled indefinitely. Most paper is down-cycled which means that a product made from recycled paper is of an inferior quality to the original paper. Recycling paper is beneficial in that it saves some of the energy, labour and capital that go into producing virgin pulp. However, recycling requires the use of fossil fuel, a non-renewable energy source, to collect the waste paper from the community and to process it to produce new paper. And the recycling process still creates emissions which require treatment before they can be disposed of safely. Nevertheless, paper recycling is an important economical and environmental practice but one which must be carried out in a rational and viable manner for it to be useful to both industry and the community.
i. Process of paper recycling
ii. Less threat of waste paper to the environment
iii. Collection of paper for recycling
iv. Sources of paper for recycling
v. Bad sides of paper recycling
vi. Contribution of community to recycling paper
Your answer:
1. Paragraph A ...........iii. Collection of paper for recycling............
2. Paragraph B ..........vi. Contribution of community to recycling paper.............
3. Paragraph C ...........iv. Sources of paper for recycling............
4. Paragraph D ............i. Process of paper recycling...........
5. Paragraph E ...........v. Bad sides of paper recycling............
1. Food passing from the mouth to the stomach goes through a tube called esophagus.
2. Animals born in a zoo generally adjust to captivity better than those captured in the wild.
3. Hundreds of volunteers went to a northern village yesterday to reinforce firefighters trying to save a settlement threatened by a forest fire.
4. The children attended a special movie program consisting of cartoons featuring Donald Duck and Mickey Mouse.
5. I was thought to resign, but actually I was sacked by the boss.
6. I am thought to have begun to be taught by my sister when I was 5.
7. The information should be given to us as soon as possible.
8. We are going to be given a test by our teacher next week.
9. The paper must have been written by Sam.
10. It was suggested by the contractor that the couple should not paint their house until the weather warmed up a little.