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PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,7185}{24,79}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
a, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05.342=17,1\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,15}{1,5}=0,1\left(l\right)=100\left(ml\right)\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
0,3-->0,6----------------->0,3
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=24,79.0,3=7,437\left(l\right)\\m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
LTL: 0,15 < 0,3 => H2 dư, vậy H2 khử hết CuO
a, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Mg + 2HCl -----> MgCl2 + H2
0,3 0,6 0,3
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
b, \(m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
CuO + H2 -----> Cu + H2O
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\) ⇒ CuO hết, H2 dư
a) nHCl = 0,25.0,2 = 0,05 (mol)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
0,05-->0,025->0,025
=> VH2 = 0,025.22,4 = 0,56 (l)
b) \(C_{M\left(MgCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,025}{0,25}=0,1M\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{9,75}{65}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
0,15 0,15 0,15 0,15
\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36L\\
m_{H_2SO_4}=0,15.98=14,7\left(g\right)\\
m_{ZnSO_4}=161.0,15=24,15g\\
\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{6}{80}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\
LTL:0,075< 0,15\)
=> H2 dư
\(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\
m_{Cu}=0,075.64=4,8g\)
Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a, \(m_{MgCl_2}=0,1.95=9,5\left(g\right)\)
b, \(V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{3,65\%}=200\left(g\right)\)
mMg = 8,9 . 26,96% = 2,4 (g)
nMg = 2,4/24 = 0,1 (mol)
mZn = 8,9 - 2,4 = 6,5 (g)
nZn = 6,5/65 = 0,1 (mol)
PTHH:
Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,1 ---> 0,1 ---> 0,1 ---> 0,1
Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,1 ---> 0,1 ---> 0,1 ---> 0,1
VH2 = (0,1 + 0,1) . 90% . 22,4 = 4,032 (l)
nH2SO4 = (0,1 + 0,1) . 90% = 0,18 (mol)
VddH2SO4 = 0,18/0,2 = 0,9 (l) = 900 (ml)
mMg = 8,9 . (26,9663/100) = 2,4 g
nMg =2,4/24 = 0,1 mol
n Zn = ( 8,9 -2,4)/65 = 0,1 mol
Mg + H2S04 --> MgS04 + H2
0,1 ---------------------------------> 0,1
Zn + H2S04 ----> ZnS04 + H2 0,1 ----------------------------------> 0,1
VH2 = 22,4 . 0,2 . 0,9 = 4,032 lít
a)nMgO=6:40=0,15(mol)
Ta có PTHH:
MgO+H2SO4->MgSO4H2O
0,15......0,15...........0,15..................(mol)
Theo PTHH:mH2SO4=0,15.98=14,7g
b)Ta có:mddH2SO4=D.V=1,2.50=60(g)
=>Nồng độ % dd H2SO4 là:
C%ddH2SO414,7\60.100%=24,5%
c)Theo PTHH:mMgSO4=0,15.120=18(g)
Khối lượng dd sau pư là:
mddsau=mMgO+mddH2SO44=6+60=66(g)
Vậy nồng độ % dd sau pư là:
C%ddsau=18\66.100%=27,27%
Fe+H2SO4->FeSO4+H2
0,25--0,25-----0,25---0,25
CuO+H2-to>Cu+H2O
0,25----0,25
n Fe=0,25 mol
m H2SO4=0,25.98=24,5g
m H2=0,25.22,4=5,6l
m Cu=0,25.64=16g
a) Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
b) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{14,4}{24}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
0,6--->0,6------->0,6----->0,6
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,6.98=58,8\left(g\right)\)
c)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
0,6-->0,3
=> VO2 = 0,3.24,79 = 7,437 (l)
=> Vkk = 7,437.5 = 37,185 (l)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{24}{24}=1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
____1_______1_______________1 (mol)
a, \(V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{0,2}=5\left(l\right)\)
b, \(V_{H_2}=1.24,79=24,79\left(l\right)\)