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a)2NaOH+H2SO4→Na2SO4+2H2O(1)
Cu(NO3)2+2NaOH→Cu(OH)2+2NaNO3(2)
Cu(OH)2→CuO+H2O(3)
nCuO=\(\dfrac{1,6}{80}\)=0,02mol
mddNaOH=31,25×1,12=35g
nNaOH=35×16%40=0,14mol
nNaOH(2)=0,02×2=0,04mol
⇒nNaOH(1)=0,14−0,04=0,1mol
nH2SO4=0,12=0,05mol
CM(H2SO4)=\(\dfrac{0,05}{0,05}\)=1M
CM(Cu(NO3)2)=\(\dfrac{0,02}{0,05}\)=0,4M
b)nCu=\(\dfrac{2,4}{64}\)=0,0375mol
nH+=2nH2SO4=0,1mol
nNO3−=2nCu(NO3)2=0,04mol
Cu+4H++NO3−→Cu2++NO+2H2O
\(\dfrac{0,04}{1}\)>\(\dfrac{0,03751}{1}\)>\(\dfrac{0,1}{4}\)⇒ Tính theo ion H+nNO=0,14=0,025mol
⇒VNO=0,025×22,4=0,56l
\(3NaOH+FeCl_3\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)
\(n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,2.3=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(C_{M\left(NaCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\)
\(n_{Fe\left(ỌH\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3-^{t^o}\rightarrow Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> m Fe2O3 = 0,1 . 160=16(g)
FeCl2+ 2NaOH --> Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl (1)
4Fe(OH)2 +O2 --to-> 2Fe2O3 + 4H2O (2)
nFeCl2=0,2(mol)
nNaOH=0,5(mol)
Lập tỉ lệ :
\(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\)
=> FeCl2 hết ,NaOH dư
Theo (1,2) : nFe2O3=1/2nFeCl2=0,1(mol)
=> x=16(g)
b) VNaOH=\(\dfrac{m}{D}=\dfrac{200}{1,12}\approx178,6\left(ml\right)\)\(\approx\)0,1786(l)
Theo (1) : nNaOH(PƯ)=2nFeCl2=0,4(mol)
=>nNaOH dư=0,1(mol)
nNaCl=2nFeCl2=0,4(mol)
=> CM dd NaCl\(\approx\)2,24(M)
CM dd NaOH dư\(\approx\)0,6(M)
Đề không đề cập nung trong điều kiện nào nên mình coi như nung trong không khí nhé.
PT: \(CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
\(MgSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
\(FeSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)
\(4Fe\left(OH\right)_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe_2O_3+4H_2O\)
Giả sử dd chứa a (l)
Ta có: nCuSO4 = 0,2a (mol), nMgSO4 = 0,1a (mol), nFeSO4 = 0,2a (mol)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,2a\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{MgSO_4}=0,1a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{FeSO_4}=0,1a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 0,2a.80 + 0,1a.40 + 0,1a.160 = 18
⇒ a = 0,5 (l)
⇒ V = 500 (ml)
\(n_{FeCl_3}=0.2\cdot0.4=0.08\left(mol\right)\)
\(FeCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)
\(0.08...........0.24..............0.08\)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
\(0.08...........0.04\)
\(m_{Fe_2O_3}=0.04\cdot160=6.4\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0.24}{0.5}=0.48\left(l\right)\)
\(FeCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\) (1)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\) (2)
\(n_{FeCl_3}=0,2.0,4=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố Fe : \(n_{FeCl_3}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,04.160=6,4\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT (1) : \(n_{NaOH}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,08.3=0,24\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,24}{0,5}=0,48\left(l\right)\)
a, \(FeCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow3NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_3\)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
b, \(n_{FeCl_3}=0,4.2=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaCl}=3n_{FeCl_3}=2,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{2,4}{0,4+0,2}=4\left(M\right)\)
c, \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{FeCl_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,4.160=64\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{FeCl3}=2.0,4=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : \(FeCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)
0,8----------------------->0,8----------->2,4
b) \(C_{MNaCl}=\dfrac{2,4}{0,4+0,2}=4M\)
c) \(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
0,8--------------->0,4
\(\Rightarrow a=m_{Fe2O3}=0,4.160=64\left(g\right)\)
kia chỉ là cu(no3)2 thôi nha các bạn