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Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Mg, MgO
\(Pt:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) (1)
x ----------> 0,4 ----------> x
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\) (2)
y --------> 0,2 -------> y
(1)(2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+40y=8,8\\95x+95y=28,5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%Mg=\dfrac{0,2.24.100}{8,8}=54,54\%\)
\(\%MgO=100-54,54=45,45\%\)
\(m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{\left(0,4+0,2\right).36,5.100}{7,3}=300\left(g\right)\)
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Để xem rõ hơn bạn ấn chuột phải , lưu hình ảnh thành rồi coi nhá
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\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{150.18,25}{100}=27,375\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{27,375}{36,5}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
trc p/u : 0,3 0,75
p/u: 0,3 0,6 0,3 0,3
sau p/u : 0 0,15 0,3 0,3
---> Sau p/ư HCl dư
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(b,m_{ddHCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
\(c,m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3.136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddZnCl_2}=19,5+150-\left(0,3.2\right)=168,9\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{40,8}{168,9}.100\%\approx24,16\%\)
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\(Fe\left(0,1\right)+2HCl\left(0,2\right)--->FeCl_2\left(0,1\right)+H_2\left(0,1\right)\)\(\left(1\right)\)
\(Fe_2O_3\left(0,05\right)+6HCl\left(0,3\right)--->2FeCl_3\left(0,1\right)+3H_2O\)\(\left(2\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo (1) \(n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=5,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}=13,6-5,6=8\left(g\right)\)\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
=> Rainbow có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=41,18\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=58,82\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Phản ứng vừa đủ => Dung dịch thu được sau phản ứng : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}FeCl_2:0,1\left(mol\right)\\FeCl_3:0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo (1) và (2) \(\sum n_{HCl}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=18,25\left(g\right)\)\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=625\left(g\right)\)
\(m dd sau =13,6+625-0,1.2=638,4(g)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.127.100}{638,4}=1,99\%\\C\%_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1.162,5.100}{638,4}=2,55\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta co pthh
Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl2 + H2 (1)
Fe2O3 + 6HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2FeCl3 + 3H2O (2)
Ta thấy trong 2 pt thì pt 1 sinh ra khí H2 nên
ta có
nH2=\(\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
Theo pthh 1
nFe=nH2=0,1 mol
\(\rightarrow\) mFe=0,1.56=5,6 g
mFe2O3=13,6-5,6=8 g
a, Ta co
%mFe=\(\dfrac{5,6.100\%}{13,6}\approx41,18\%\)
%mFe2O3=100%-41,18%=58,2%
b, Theo pthh 1
nHCl=2nH2=2.0,1=0,2 mol
nFeCl2=nH2=0,1 mol -> mFeCl2=0,1.127=12,7 g
Theo pthh 2
nFe2O3=\(\dfrac{8}{160}=0,05mol\)
nFeCl3=2nFe2O3=2.0,05 = 0,1 mol -> mFeCl3=0,1.162,5 =16,25 g
nHCl=6nFe2O3=6.0,05=0,3 mol
-> số mol của HCl (1) và (2) sau phản ứng là :
nHCl(sau-phan-ung) = 0,2+0,3 = 0,5 mol
-> mct=mHCl=0,5 .36,5 = 18,25 g
mddHCl=\(\dfrac{mct.100\%}{C\%}=\dfrac{18,25.100\%}{2,92\%}=625\left(g\right)\)
-> mdd(sau-phan-ung) = m(hon-hop-ban-dau) + mddHCl(sau-phan-ung) - mH2 = 13,6 + 625 - (0,1.2) = 638,4 g
\(\Rightarrow\) C%\(_{\text{dd}FeCl2}=\dfrac{12,7}{638,4}.100\%\approx1,99\%\)
C%\(_{\text{dd}FeCl3}=\dfrac{16,25}{638,4}.100\%\approx2,55\%\)
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a,Fe + 2HCl → FeCl + H2 (1)
FeO + 2HCl → FeCl + H2O (2)
nH2 = 3,36/ 22,4 = 0,15 ( mol)
Theo (1) nH2 = nFe = 0,15 ( mol)
mFe = 0,15 x 56 = 8.4 (g)
m FeO = 12 - 8,4 = 3,6 (g)
a, \(n_{H_2}=\frac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2\left(1\right)\)
\(FeO+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2O\left(2\right)\)
theo (1) \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{FeO}=12-8,4=3,6\left(g\right)\)
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ta thấy : nFe =nH2 = 0,15
=> mFe =0,15 x 56 = 8,4g
%Fe=8,4/12 x 100 = 70%
=>%FeO = 100 - 70 = 30%
b) BTKLra mdd tìm mct of HCl
c) tìm mdd sau pứ -mH2 nha bạn
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Pt: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\) (1)
0,2mol \(\leftarrow\)0,4mol \(\leftarrow\)0,2mol \(\leftarrow\)0,2mol
\(m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=8,8-4,8=4\left(g\right)\)
\(\%Mg=\dfrac{4,8}{8,8}.100=54,55\%\)
\(\%MgO=\dfrac{4}{8,8}.100=45,45\%\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\) (2)
0,1mol \(\rightarrow\)0,2mol \(\rightarrow\)0,1mol
(1)(2) \(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{n_{HCl}}=0,4+0,2=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6.36,5}{7,3}.100=300\left(g\right)\)
\(\Sigma_{m_{dd\left(spu\right)\left(1\right)}}=4,8+300-0,2.2=304,4\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{MgCl_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{0,2.95}{304,4}.100=6,24\%\)
\(\Sigma_{m_{dd\left(spu\right)\left(2\right)}}=4+300=304\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{MgCl_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{0,1.95}{304}.100=3,125\%\)
cảm ơn bạn nha!!!