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uiii em ơi, 2p mà viết và chụp xong luôn rồi à, nhanh thật, bái phục
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
1 : 2 : 1 (mol)
0,05 : 0,4 (mol)
-Chuyển thành tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,05}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\Rightarrow\) Fe phản ứng hết còn HCl dư.
-Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,5.1}{1}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
b) \(n_{Fe\left(cần\right)}=\dfrac{0,4.1}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe\left(thêm\right)}=n_{Fe\left(cần\right)}-n_{Fe\left(tt\right)}=0,2-0,05=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(thêm\right)}=n.M=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
a. 2Al + 3 \(CuSO_4\)→ 1 \(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3Cu\)
0.45 0,3375 (mol)
⇔0,225.2 0,1125.3 (mol)
0,3375 -----→ \(\dfrac{0,3375.1}{3}\)=0,1125 (mol)
(lấy số mol lớn - số mol bé ➙ số mol dư)
b. \(n_{Al}\)= \(\dfrac{12,15}{27}\)=0,45 (mol)
\(n_{CuSO_4}\)= \(\dfrac{54}{64+32+16.4}\)=0,3375(mol)
➝ \(n_{Al}\)dư= 0,1125 (mol)
⇒\(m_{Al_{dư}}\)= 0,1125.27=3.0375(gam)
⇒\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}\)= 0,1125. \(\left[27.2+2\left(32+16.4\right)\right]\)=27,675(gam)
1.
a, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,15 0,3
b, Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\) ⇒ Mg pứ hết, HCl dư
\(m_{HCldư}=\left(0,5-0,3\right).36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
c, \(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
2.
a, \(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4P + 5O2 ---to→ 2P2O5
Mol: 0,2 0,25 0,1
b, \(V_{O_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
c, \(m_{P_2O_5}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)
d, \(V_{kk}=5,6.5=28\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 < 0,4 ( mol )
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1 ( mol )
Chất dư là HCl
\(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,4-0,2\right).36,5=7,3g\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7g\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\)
=> H2SO4 d
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pu\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
m_{H_2SO_4\left(d\right)}=\left(0,4-0,1\right).98=29,4g\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\
m_{FeSO_4}=0,1.152=15,2g\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{0,4}{6}\) => Al hết, HCl dư
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,1--->0,3------>0,1---->0,15
=> mHCl = (0,4 - 0,3).36,5 = 3,65 (g)
b) VH2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 (l)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{M_{Al}}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,1 < 0,4 ( mol )
0,1 0,3 0,15 ( mol )
a. Chất còn dư là HCl
\(m_{HCl}=n_{HCl}.M_{HCl}=\left(0,4-0,3\right).36,5=3,65g\)
\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
LTL: \(0,05< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\rightarrow\) HCl dư
Theo pthh: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Fe}=0,05.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\\m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,4-0,1\right).36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo pthh: \(n_{Fe\left(thêm\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(0,4-0,1\right)=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Fe\left(thêm\right)}=0,16.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)