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# Bài 1
* Ta cm BĐT sau \(a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\) (1) bằng cách biến đổi tương đương
* Với \(x,y>0\) áp dụng (1) ta có
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{y}\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2\)
Mà \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2\le1\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(0< \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\le1\) (I)
* Ta cm BĐT phụ \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\) với \(a,b>0\) (2)
Áp dụng (2) với x , y > 0 ta có
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\ge\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\) (II)
* Từ (I) và (II) \(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\ge4\)
Dấu "=" xra khi \(x=y=4\)
Vậy min \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=4\) khi \(x=y=4\)
Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(A=\frac{9x}{2-x}+\frac{2}{x}=\frac{-9(2-x)+18}{2-x}+\frac{2}{x}\)
\(=-9+\frac{18}{2-x}+\frac{2}{x}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\left(\frac{18}{2-x}+\frac{2}{x}\right)(2-x+x)\geq (\sqrt{18}+\sqrt{2})^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{18}{2-x}+\frac{2}{x}\geq\frac{(\sqrt{18}+\sqrt{2})^2}{2}=16\)
Do đó: \(A\geq -9+16=7=A_{\min}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{\sqrt{18}}{2-x}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{x}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{18}{2-x}+\dfrac{2}{x}-9=2\left(\dfrac{9}{2-x}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)-9=2M-9\)
Bunhiacopsky
\(\left(\sqrt{2-x}.\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{2-x}}+\sqrt{x}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2\le\left(2-x+x\right)\left(\dfrac{18}{2-x}+\dfrac{2}{x}\right)\)
\(M\ge\dfrac{16}{2}=8\)
\(B\ge2.8-9=7\)
B min =7 khi \(\dfrac{18}{2-x}=\dfrac{2}{x}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\left(\sqrt{1-x}.\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{1-x}}+\sqrt{x}.\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2\le\left(1-x+x\right)\left(B\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)^2=7+4\sqrt{3}\)
Bmin = 7+4can 3
khi\(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{1-x}=\dfrac{2}{x}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3}+2}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}+\dfrac{4}{xy}+2xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2P=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{8}{xy}+4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2P=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}+\dfrac{1}{4xy}+4xy+\dfrac{29}{4xy}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM , ta có :
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}+\dfrac{1}{4xy}+4xy+\dfrac{29}{4xy}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{\left(x^2+y^2\right)2xy}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{4xy}.4xy}+\dfrac{29}{4xy}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2P\ge\)\(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{\left(x^2+y^2\right)2xy}}+2+\dfrac{29}{4xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+2+\dfrac{29}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2P\ge2+4+29=35\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{35}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{Min}=\dfrac{35}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{4}{2-x}+\dfrac{100}{x}+2021=36\left(2-x\right)+\dfrac{4}{2-x}+36x+\dfrac{100}{x}+1949\)
\(0< x< 2\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>0\\x< 2\Rightarrow-x>-2\Leftrightarrow2-x>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge2\sqrt{36\left(2-x\right).\dfrac{4}{\left(2-x\right)}}+2\sqrt{36x.\dfrac{100}{x}}+1985=2\sqrt{4.36}+2\sqrt{36.100}+1949=2093\Rightarrow A_{min}=2093\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}36\left(2-x\right)=\dfrac{4}{2-x}\\36x=\dfrac{100}{x}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{3}\left(tm\right)\)