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Lời giải:
a)
\(f(-3)=(-3)^2=9; f(-\frac{1}{2})=(\frac{-1}{2})^2=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(f(0)=0^2=0\)
\(g(1)=3-1=2; g(2)=3-2=1; g(3)=3-3=0\)
b)
\(2f(a)=g(a)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2a^2=3-a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2a^2+a-3=0\Leftrightarrow (2a+3)(a-1)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} a=\frac{-3}{2}\\ a=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) Để hàm xác định thì \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\\sqrt{x}-1\ne0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\x\ne1\end{cases}}\)
b) Ta có: \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(4-2\sqrt{3}\right)=\frac{\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}+1}{\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}-1}=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}+1}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}-1}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}-2}\)
và \(f\left(a^2\right)=\frac{\sqrt{a^2}+1}{\sqrt{a^2}-1}=\frac{\left|a\right|+1}{\left|a\right|-1}\)(với \(a\ne\pm1\))
* Nếu \(a\ge0;a\ne1\)thì \(f\left(a^2\right)=\frac{a+1}{a-1}\)
* Nếu \(a< 0;a\ne-1\)thì \(f\left(a^2\right)=\frac{a-1}{a+1}\)
c) \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\frac{\sqrt{x}-1+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}=1+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
Để f(x) nguyên thì \(\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)nguyên hay \(2⋮\sqrt{x}-1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2\right\}\)
Mà \(\sqrt{x}-1\ge-1\)nên ta xét ba trường hợp:
+) \(\sqrt{x}-1=-1\Rightarrow x=0\left(tmđk\right)\)
+) \(\sqrt{x}-1=1\Rightarrow x=4\left(tmđk\right)\)
+) \(\sqrt{x}-1=2\Rightarrow x=9\left(tmđk\right)\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;4;9\right\}\)thì f(x) có giá trị nguyên
d) \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\); \(f\left(2x\right)=\frac{\sqrt{2x}+1}{\sqrt{2x}-1}\)
f(x) = f(2x) khi \(\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\frac{\sqrt{2x}+1}{\sqrt{2x}-1}\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2x}-1\right)=\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{2x}+1\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}x+\sqrt{2x}-\sqrt{x}-1=\sqrt{2}x-\sqrt{2x}+\sqrt{x}-1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x}-\sqrt{x}=-\sqrt{2x}+\sqrt{x}\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{2x}=2\sqrt{x}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x}=\sqrt{x}\Leftrightarrow x=0\)(tmđk)
Vậy x = 0 thì f(x) = f(2x)
\(f\left(x\right)⋮\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(1\right)=0\\f\left(-2\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+\left(a+b\right)+\left(2+b\right)+1=0\\-8a+4\left(a+b\right)-2\left(2+b\right)+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+2b=-3\\-4a+2b=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-1\\b=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 2 : \(f\left(x\right)=x^3-ax^2+bx-a\)
Áp dụng định lý Bezout ta có:
\(f\left(x\right)⋮\left(x-1\right)\)\(\Rightarrow f\left(1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow1^3-a.1^2+b.1-a=1-a+b-a=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-2a+b=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow2a-b=1\)(1)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(2a-b\right)=3\)\(\Rightarrow6a-3b=3\)(2)
\(f\left(x\right)⋮\left(x-3\right)\)\(\Rightarrow f\left(3\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3^3-a.3^2+3b-a=27-9a+3b-a=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow27-10a+3b=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow10a-3b=27\)(3)
Từ (2) và (3)
\(\Rightarrow\left(10a-3b\right)-\left(6a-3b\right)=27-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10a-3b-6a+3b=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a=24\)\(\Leftrightarrow a=6\)
Thay \(a=6\)vào (1) ta có:
\(2.6-b=1\)\(\Leftrightarrow12-b=1\)\(\Leftrightarrow b=11\)
Vậy \(a=6\)và \(b=11\)