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Giải:
Theo đề bài ta có:
\(\frac{14}{15}\div\frac{a}{b}=\frac{14b}{75a}\in N\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}14⋮a\\b⋮75\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\frac{6}{165}\div\frac{a}{b}=\frac{6b}{165a}\in N\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}6⋮a\\b⋮165\end{matrix}\right.\)
Để phân tối giản \(\frac{a}{b}\) lớn nhất
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}a=ƯCLN\left(14;6\right)=2\\b=BCNN\left(75;165\right)=825\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phân số tối giản \(\frac{a}{b}\) lớn nhất là \(\frac{2}{825}\)
\(\dfrac{4}{75}\): \(\dfrac{a}{b}\) = \(\dfrac{4}{75}\) . \(\dfrac{b}{a}\)= \(\dfrac{4b}{75a}\)
=> b \(⋮\)75
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}4⋮a\Rightarrow a\inƯ\left(4\right)\\b⋮a\Rightarrow b\in BC\left(75;a\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{6}{165}\): \(\dfrac{a}{b}\) = \(\dfrac{6}{165}\) . \(\dfrac{b}{a}\)= \(\dfrac{6b}{165a}\)
=> b\(⋮\) 165
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}6⋮a\Rightarrow a\inƯ\left(6\right)\\b⋮a\Rightarrow b\in BC\left(165;a\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
để \(\dfrac{a}{b}\) lớn nhất thì a phải :
a \(\in\) UCLN(6;4) => a = 2
để \(\dfrac{a}{b}\) lớn nhất thì b phải :
b \(\in\) BCNN(75;2;165) => b=1650
=> \(\dfrac{a}{b}\) = \(\dfrac{2}{1650}\)
Bài 3 :
a) \(A=\dfrac{1}{3.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.7}+...........+\dfrac{1}{2017.2019}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A=\dfrac{2}{3.5}+\dfrac{2}{5.7}+.........+\dfrac{2}{2017.2019}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{7}+......+\dfrac{1}{2017}-\dfrac{1}{2019}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2019}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A=\dfrac{672}{2019}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{336}{2019}\)
b) \(B=\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{20}+.........+\dfrac{1}{132}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.5}+............+\dfrac{1}{11.12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+......+\dfrac{1}{11}-\dfrac{1}{12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{12}=\dfrac{5}{12}\)
1.
Để \(\overline{25a89b}⋮2\Rightarrow b\in\left\{0;2;4;6;8\right\}\)
Để \(\overline{25a89b}\) chia 5 dư 3 \(\Rightarrow b\in\left\{3;8\right\}\)
Để thỏa mãn hai điều kiện trên thì \(b=8\)
Để \(\overline{25a898}⋮9\Rightarrow\left(2+5+a+8+9+8\right)⋮9\Leftrightarrow32+a⋮9\Rightarrow a=4\)
Vậy \(a=4;b=8\); số cần tìm là \(254898\)
a) \(x\)=1 \(y\)= 12
b)\(x\)=4 \(y\)= 14
hoặc \(x\)= 6 \(y \)=21
...
a) x.21=6.7
x.21=42
x=42:21
x = 2
b) y . 20 = -5.28
y.20 = -140
y = (-140) : 20
y = -7
a)=>x*21=7*6
=>x*21=42
=>x=42/21
x=2
b)=>y*20=(-5)*28
=>y*20=-140
=>y=-140/20
y=-7
\(\left(x-2\right)\left(y+3\right)=5\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2;y+3\inƯ\left(5\right)\)
\(Ư\left(5\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm5\right\}\)
Xét ước
\(xy-6x-3y=7\)
\(\Rightarrow xy-6x-3y+18=25\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(y-6\right)-3\left(y-6\right)=25\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(y-6\right)=25\)
Xét ước
\(\dfrac{a}{2}-\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{a}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{2a}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{3+2a}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow b\left(3+2a\right)=4\)
Xét ước
Bài 1:
a)
\(\dfrac{x-1}{9}=\dfrac{8}{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-1}{9}=\dfrac{24}{9}\\ \Leftrightarrow x-1=24\\ x=24+1\\ x=25\)
b)
\(\left(\dfrac{3x}{7}+1\right):\left(-4\right)=\dfrac{-1}{8}\\ \dfrac{3x}{7}+1=\dfrac{-1}{8}\cdot\left(-4\right)\\ \dfrac{3x}{7}+1=\dfrac{1}{2}\\ \dfrac{3x}{7}=\dfrac{1}{2}-1\\ \dfrac{3x}{7}=\dfrac{-1}{2}\\ 3x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\cdot7\\ 3x=\dfrac{-7}{2}\\ x=\dfrac{-7}{2}:3\\ x=\dfrac{-7}{6}\)
c)
\(x+\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{17}{18}-\dfrac{1}{9}\\ x+\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{5}{6}\\ x=\dfrac{5}{6}-\dfrac{7}{12}\\ x=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
d)
\(0,5x-\dfrac{2}{3}x=\dfrac{7}{12}\\ \dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{2}{3}x=\dfrac{7}{12}\\ x\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)=\dfrac{7}{12}\\ \dfrac{-1}{6}x=\dfrac{7}{12}\\ x=\dfrac{7}{12}:\dfrac{-1}{6}\\ x=\dfrac{-7}{2}\)
e)
\(\dfrac{29}{30}-\left(\dfrac{13}{23}+x\right)=\dfrac{7}{46}\\ \dfrac{29}{30}-\dfrac{13}{23}-x=\dfrac{7}{46}\\ \dfrac{277}{690}-x=\dfrac{7}{46}\\ x=\dfrac{277}{690}-\dfrac{7}{46}\\ x=\dfrac{86}{345}\)
f)
\(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right):\left(2+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)=\dfrac{7}{46}\\ \left(x-\dfrac{1}{12}\right):\dfrac{23}{12}=\dfrac{7}{46}\\ x-\dfrac{1}{12}=\dfrac{7}{46}\cdot\dfrac{23}{12}\\ x-\dfrac{1}{12}=\dfrac{7}{24}\\ x=\dfrac{7}{24}+\dfrac{1}{12}\\ x=\dfrac{3}{8}\)
g)
\(\dfrac{13}{15}-\left(\dfrac{13}{21}+x\right)\cdot\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{7}{10}\\ \left(\dfrac{13}{21}+x\right)\cdot\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{13}{15}-\dfrac{7}{10}\\ \left(\dfrac{13}{21}+x\right)\cdot\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{1}{6}\\ \dfrac{13}{21}+x=\dfrac{1}{6}:\dfrac{7}{12}\\ \dfrac{13}{21}+x=\dfrac{2}{7}\\ x=\dfrac{2}{7}-\dfrac{13}{21}\\ x=\dfrac{-1}{3}\)
h)
\(2\cdot\left|\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right|-\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{1}{4}\\ 2\cdot\left|\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right|=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{2}\\ 2\cdot\left|\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right|=\dfrac{7}{4}\\ \left|\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right|=\dfrac{7}{4}:2\\ \left|\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right|=\dfrac{7}{8}\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{7}{8}\\\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{-7}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{7}{8}\\ \dfrac{1}{2}x=\dfrac{7}{8}+\dfrac{1}{3}\\ \dfrac{1}{2}x=\dfrac{29}{24}\\ x=\dfrac{29}{24}:\dfrac{1}{2}\\ x=\dfrac{29}{12}\\ \dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{-7}{8}\\ \dfrac{1}{2}x=\dfrac{-7}{8}+\dfrac{1}{3}\\ \dfrac{1}{2}x=\dfrac{-13}{24}\\ x=\dfrac{-13}{24}:\dfrac{1}{2}\\ x=\dfrac{-13}{12}\)
i)
\(3\cdot\left(3x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+\dfrac{1}{9}=0\\ 3\cdot\left(3x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3=0-\dfrac{1}{9}\\ 3\cdot\left(3x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3=\dfrac{-1}{9}\\ \left(3x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3=\dfrac{-1}{9}:3\\ \left(3x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3=\dfrac{-1}{27}\\ \left(3x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{-1}{3}\right)^3\\ \Leftrightarrow3x-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{-1}{3}\\ 3x=\dfrac{-1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{2}\\ 3x=\dfrac{1}{6}\\ x=\dfrac{1}{6}:3\\ x=\dfrac{1}{18}\)
a)Ta có
2014xy \(⋮\) 42
=> 201400 + xy \(⋮\) 42
=> 42.4795 +xy + 10
Do 42.4795 \(⋮\) 42
=> xy + 10 \(⋮\) 42 (1)
Mà 0 \(\le\) xy \(\le\) 99
=> 10 \(\le\) xy +10 \(\le\) 109 (2)
Từ (1) + (2) => xy + 10 = 42 hoặc xy + 10 = 82
=> xy = 32 hoặc xy = 72
b)Ta có
\(\dfrac{a}{7}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{b+1}\)
\(\dfrac{2a}{14}\) - \(\dfrac{7}{14}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{b+1}\)
\(\dfrac{2a-7}{14}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{b+1}\)
=> (2a - 7).(b+1) = 14
Mà a; b \(\in\) Z => 2a - 7; b + 1 \(\in\) Z
=> 2a - 7; b + 1 \(\in\) Ư(14)
2a - 7 \(⋮̸\) 2
Ta có bảng
Vậy cặp số (a;b) = (4;13) (7;1)
(-4;-15) (0;-3)
Giải:
a) Ta có:
\(\overline{2014xy}⋮42\)
\(\Rightarrow201400+\overline{xy}⋮42\)
\(\Rightarrow42.4795+\overline{xy}+10⋮42\)
Vì \(42.4795⋮42\Rightarrow\overline{xy}+10⋮42\) (1)
Mà \(0\le\overline{xy}\le99\)
\(\Rightarrow10\le\overline{xy}+10\le109\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}\overline{xy}+10=42\\\overline{xy}+10=84\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}\overline{xy}=32\\\overline{xy}=74\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(3;2\right);\left(7;4\right)\)
b) Quy đồng các phân số \(\frac{a}{7};\frac{1}{2}\) ta có:
\(BCNN\left(7;2\right)=7.2=14\)
Ta có:
\(14\div7=2\)
\(14\div2=7\)
Vậy: \(\left\{\begin{matrix}\frac{a}{7}=\frac{a.2}{7.2}=\frac{2a}{14}\\\frac{1}{2}=\frac{1.7}{2.7}=\frac{7}{14}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a}{14}-\frac{7}{14}=\frac{2a-7}{14}=\frac{1}{b+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow b+1=14\)
\(\Rightarrow b=14-1\)
\(\Rightarrow b=13\)\((*)\)
Thay \((*)\) vào ta lại có:
\(\frac{2a-7}{14}=\frac{1}{13+1}=\frac{1}{14}\)
\(\Rightarrow2a-7=1\)
\(\Rightarrow2a=1+7\)
\(\Rightarrow2a=8\)
\(\Rightarrow a=\frac{8}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=4\)
Vậy \(a=4;b=13\)