chứng tỏ rằng 1+3+32+......+399chia hết cho 40
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a) P = 1 + 3 + 3² + ... + 3¹⁰¹
= (1 + 3 + 3²) + (3³ + 3⁴ + 3⁵) + ... + (3⁹⁹ + 3¹⁰⁰ + 3¹⁰¹)
= 13 + 3³.(1 + 3 + 3²) + ... + 3⁹⁹.(1 + 3 + 3²)
= 13 + 3³.13 + ... + 3⁹⁹.13
= 13.(1 + 3³ + ... + 3⁹⁹) ⋮ 13
Vậy P ⋮ 13
b) B = 1 + 2² + 2⁴ + ... + 2²⁰²⁰
= (1 + 2² + 2⁴) + (2⁶ + 2⁸ + 2¹⁰) + ... + (2²⁰¹⁶ + 2²⁰¹⁸ + 2²⁰²⁰)
= 21 + 2⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴) + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴)
= 21 + 2⁶.21 + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.21
= 21.(1 + 2⁶ + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶) ⋮ 21
Vậy B ⋮ 21
c) A = 2 + 2² + 2³ + ... + 2²⁰
= (2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + (2⁵ + 2⁶ + 2⁷ + 2⁸) + ... + (2¹⁷ + 2¹⁸ + 2¹⁹ + 2²⁰)
= 30 + 2⁴.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + ... + 2¹⁶.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴)
= 30 + 2⁴.30 + ... + 2¹⁶.30
= 30.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶)
= 5.6.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶) ⋮ 5
Vậy A ⋮ 5
d) A = 1 + 4 + 4² + ... + 4⁹⁸
= (1 + 4 + 4²) + (4³ + 4⁴ + 4⁵) + ... + (4⁹⁷ + 4⁹⁸ + 4⁹⁹)
= 21 + 4³.(1 + 4 + 4²) + ... + 4⁹⁷.(1 + 4 + 4²)
= 21 + 4³.21 + ... + 4⁹⁷.21
= 21.(1 + 4³ + ... + 4⁹⁷) ⋮ 21
Vậy A ⋮ 21
e) A = 11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + ... + 11 + 1
= (11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + 11⁶ + 11⁵) + (11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1)
= 11⁵.(11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1) + 16105
= 11⁵.16105 + 16105
= 16105.(11⁵ + 1)
= 5.3221.(11⁵ + 1) ⋮ 5
Vậy A ⋮ 5
\(A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{60}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+\left(3^5+3^6+3^7+3^8\right)+...+\left(3^{57}+3^{58}+3^{59}+3^{60}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=3\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+3^5\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^{57}\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(3+3^5+...+3^{57}\right)\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=40\left(3+3^5+...+3^{57}\right)⋮40\)
A=3+32+33+...+360
A=3+32+33+...+360⇒A=(3+32+33+34)+(35+36+37+38)+...+(357+358+359+360)⇒A=(3+32+33+34)+(35+36+37+38)+...+(357+358+359+360)
⇒A=3(1+3+32+33)+35(1
a) S = 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 +.....+ 29 + 210
= (2 + 22) + (23 + 24) +.....+ (29 + 210)
= 2(1 + 2) + 23(1 + 2) +....+ 29(1 + 2)
= 3.(2 + 23 +.... + 29) chia hết cho 3
=> S = 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 +.....+ 29 + 210 chia hết cho 3 (Đpcm)
b) 1+32+33+34+...+399
=(1+3+32+33)+....+(396+397+398+399)
=40+.........+396.40
=40.(1+....+396) chia hết cho 40 (đpcm)
\(S=\left(1+3\right)+...+3^8\left(1+3\right)=4\left(1+...+3^8\right)⋮4\)
\(S=\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^7\left(1+3+3^2\right)\)
\(=13\left(1+...+3^7\right)⋮13\)
\(S=1+3+3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+3^6+3^7+3^8+3^9\)
\(S=\left(1+3\right)+\left(3^2+3^3\right)+\left(3^4+3^5\right)+\left(3^6+3^7\right)+\left(3^8+3^9\right)\)
\(S=4+3^2\left(1+3\right)+3^4\left(1+3\right)+3^6\left(1+3\right)+3^8\left(1+3\right)\)
\(S=4+3^2.4+3^4.4+3^6.4+3^8.4\)
\(S=4\left(3^2+3^4+3^6+3^8\right)\)
\(4⋮4\\ \Rightarrow4\left(3^2+3^4+3^6+3^8\right)⋮4\\ \Rightarrow S⋮4\)
\(\begin{array}{l}a)M = {32^{2023}} - {32^{2021}}\\M = {32^{2021}}\left( {{{32}^2} - 1} \right)\\M = {32^{2021}}.1023\end{array}\)
Vì \(1023 \vdots 31\) nên \(M = \left( {{{32}^{2021}}.1023} \right) \vdots 31\)
Vậy M chia hết cho 31.
\(\begin{array}{l}b)N = {7^6} + {2.7^3} + {8^{2022}} + 1\\N = {\left( {{7^3}} \right)^2} + {2.7^3} + 1 + {8^{2022}}\\N = {\left( {{7^3} + 1} \right)^2} + {8^{2022}}\\N = {\left( {344} \right)^2} + {8^{2022}}\\N = {\left( {8.43} \right)^2} + {8^{2022}}\\N = {8^2}\left( {{{43}^2} + {8^{2020}}} \right)\end{array}\)
Vì \({8^2} \vdots 8\) suy ra \(N = {8^2}\left( {{{43}^2} + {8^{2020}}} \right) \vdots 8\)
Vậy N chia hết cho 8
1+3+3^2+...+3^99\(⋮\)40
(1+3+3^2+3^3)+...+(3^96+3^97+3^98+3^99)
1x(1+3+3^2+3^3)+...+3^96x(1+3+3^2+3^3)
1x40+...+3^96x40
=40x(1+...+3^96)\(⋮\)40
Vậy 1+3+3^2+...+3^99\(⋮\)40
Ta có : 3C = 3 + 3^2 + 3^3 + ...3^12
=> 3C - C = (3 + 3^2 + 3^3 + ...3^12) - (1+3+3^2+3^3+....+3^11) = 3^12 - 1 = 531440
hay 2C = 531440 => C = 265720 =40*6643