Tìm Min hoặc Max của: N=x^2+x+1/x^2+1
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\(D=\dfrac{21}{\left|x-2\right|+3}\le\dfrac{21}{3}=7\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=2
a) Ta có \(A=\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(x-11\right)^2=x^2-6x+9+x^2-22x+121=2x^2-28x+130\)
\(=2\left(x^2-14x+49\right)+32=2\left(x-7\right)^2+32\ge32\)
Vậy minA = 32 khi x = 7.
b) \(B=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x-6\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-6\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)=\left(x^2-5x-6\right)\left(x^2-5x+6\right)\)
Đặt \(x^2-5x=t\Rightarrow B=\left(t-6\right)\left(t+6\right)=t^2-36\ge-36\)
minB = -36 khi t = 0 hay \(x^2-5x=0\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=5\end{cases}}\)
- Đặt \(u=\sqrt{x}\). Khi đó :
+) \(u\ge0\)
+) \(A=\frac{1+u^2}{\left(1+u\right)^2}\)
Ta có : \(2\left(1+u^2\right)\ge\left(1+u\right)^2\Leftrightarrow2+2u^2\ge1+u^2+2u\Leftrightarrow1-2u+u^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-u\right)^2\ge0\)( luôn đúng )
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Khi u = 1 thì \(A=\frac{1}{2}\). Vậy min \(A=\frac{1}{2}\)
- Đặt v = 1+ u . Khi đó :
+) v > 1
+) \(A=\frac{1+\left(v-1\right)^2}{v^2}=\frac{v^2-2u+2}{v^2}=1-\frac{2}{v}+\frac{2}{v^2}\)
\(=2\left[\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)^2-\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right]+1=2\left[\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\right]^2+\frac{1}{2}\)
- Vì \(v\ge1\)\(\frac{1}{v}\le1\Rightarrow-\frac{1}{2}\le\frac{1}{v}-\frac{1}{2}\le\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\le\left|\frac{1}{v}-\frac{1}{2}\right|\le\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}\le2\left|\frac{1}{v}-\frac{1}{2}\right|^2+\frac{1}{2}\le1\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}\le A\le1\)
Ta thấy :
+) khi v = 2 ( tức là khi x = 1 ) thì \(A=\frac{1}{2}\)
+) khi v = 1 ( tức là khi x = 0 ) thì A = 1
Vậy maxA = 1 và min\(A=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\left|x-3\right|+\left|5-x\right|+\left|x+2\right|-4\ge\left|x-3\right|+\left|5-x+x+2\right|-4\)
\(A\ge\left|x-3\right|+3\ge3\)
\(A_{min}=3\) khi \(x=3\)
Bài 1:
a) \(x^2-6x+15=\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+6=\left(x-3\right)^2+6\ge6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
b) \(3x^2-15x+4=3\left(x^2-5x+\dfrac{25}{4}\right)-\dfrac{59}{4}=3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{59}{4}\ge-\dfrac{59}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
Bài 2:
a) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)+2\left(x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+5\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\Rightarrow x^2\left(x-2\right)+7\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+7\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2\left(do.x^2+7\ge7>0\right)\)
\(N=\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{x^2+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)N=x^2+x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow Nx^2+N=x^2+x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(N-1\right)x^2-x+N-1=0\) (*)
Có \(\Delta=\left(-1\right)^2-4\left(N-1\right)^2\)
\(=1-\left(2N-2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(1+2N-2\right)\left(1-2N+2\right)\)
\(=\left(2N-1\right)\left(3-2N\right)\)
Để (*) có nghiệm thì \(\Delta=\left(2N-1\right)\left(3-2N\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\le N\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(N=\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(x=-\dfrac{-1}{2\left(N-1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-1\right)}=-1\)
\(N=\dfrac{3}{2}\) khi \(x=-\dfrac{-1}{2\left(N-1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2\left(\dfrac{3}{2}-1\right)}=1\)
Vậy \(minN=\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(x=-1\) và \(maxN=\dfrac{3}{2}\) khi \(x=1\)