cho x,y,z >0
chứng minh rằng \(\frac{y}{x+3y}+\frac{z}{y+3z}+\frac{x}{z+3x}\le\frac{3}{4}\)
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\(BDT\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{y}{x+3y}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{z}{y+3z}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{x}{z+3x}\right)\ge\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{3\left(x+3y\right)}+\frac{y}{3\left(y+3z\right)}+\frac{z}{3\left(z+3x\right)}\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(1\right)\)
Cần cm (1) đúng. Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
\(VT_{\left(1\right)}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+3xy+3yz+3xz\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left[\left(x+y+z\right)^2+xy+yz+xz\right]}\)\(\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left[\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\right]}=\frac{1}{4}\)
Suy ra (1) đúng BĐT đầu dc cm
Áp dụng \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}=\frac{1}{2\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+z\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}.\frac{1}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{1}{4}.\frac{1}{x+z+y+z}\le\frac{1}{8\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{1}{4}.\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có: VT\le \sqrt{3\sum \frac{x}{z+3x}}
Ta cần chứng minh \sum \frac{x}{z+3x} \leq \frac{3}{4}
\leftrightarrow \sum \frac{3x}{z+3x} \leq \frac{9}{4}
\leftrightarrow \sum(1-\frac{3x}{z+3x}) \geq \frac{3}{4}
\leftrightarrow \sum \frac{z}{z+3x} \geq \frac{3}{4}
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\sum \frac{z}{z+3x}=\sum \frac{z^2}{z^2+3xz} \geq \frac{(x+y+z)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2+3(xy+yz+zx)}=\frac{(x+y+z)^2}{(x+y+z)^2+xy+yz+zx} \geq \frac{(x+y+z)^2}{(x+y+z)^2+\frac{(x+y+z)^2}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z
P/s:OLM chặn paste r` mà có vài công thức OLM ko có nên mk ko paste dc đành gõ = latex thông cảm, trách thì trách OLM, ko hiểu dc thì bảo Ad dịch hộ
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{d}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1+1\right)^2}{a+b+c+d}=\frac{16}{a+b+c+d}\)ta có :
\(\frac{16}{3x+3y+2z}\le\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\)
\(\frac{16}{3x+2y+3z}\le\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\)
\(\frac{16}{2x+3y+3z}\le\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 đẳng thức trên ta được :
\(16.\left(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\right)\)
\(\le4.\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)=4.6=24\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Câu hỏi của NGUYỄN DOÃN ANH THÁI - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Chứng minh một số bất đẳng thức phụ:
1. \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\ge3\)
2. \(2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\text{ (vừa chứng minh ở trên)}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
3. \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge3\left(xy+y+zx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\sqrt{3.3}=3\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{x^4}{y+3z}+\frac{y^4}{z+3x}+\frac{z^4}{x+3y}\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{y+3z+z+3x+x+3y}=\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{3.\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{x+y+z}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi x = y = z = 1.
C2: Áp dụng Co6si:
\(\frac{x^4}{y+3z}+\frac{y+3z}{16}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\frac{x^4}{y+3z}.\frac{y+3z}{16}.\frac{1}{4}.\frac{1}{4}}=x\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^4}{y+3z}\ge x-\frac{y+3z}{16}-\frac{1}{2}\)
Tương tự \(\frac{y^4}{z+3x}\ge y-\frac{z+3x}{16}-\frac{1}{2};\frac{z^4}{x+3y}\ge z-\frac{x+3y}{16}-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^4}{y+3z}+\frac{y^4}{z+3x}+\frac{z^4}{x+3y}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)-\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{3}{4}.3-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{3}{4}\)
(\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge xy+yz+zx+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(=3\left(xy+yz+zy\right)\ge9\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge3\))
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1.
\(\frac{1}{3x+2y+z}=\frac{1}{x+x+x+y+y+z}\le\frac{1}{6^2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{3}{x}+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Tương tự thì ta có:
\(\frac{1}{3x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{y+3z+2x}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{3}{x}+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)+\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{3}{y}+\frac{2}{z}\right)+\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{3}{z}+\frac{2}{x}\right)\)
\(=\frac{6}{36}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{16}{6}=\frac{8}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y = z = 3/16
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức svác sơ ta có
\(A\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{y+3z+z+3x+x+3y}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{x+y+x}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Đặt \(P=\frac{x^2}{y+3z}+\frac{y^2}{z+3x}+\frac{z^2}{x+3y}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Canchy Schwarz dạng Engel :
\(P=\frac{x^2}{y+3z}+\frac{y^2}{z+3x}+\frac{z^2}{x+3y}>\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{y+3y+z+3z+x+3x}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{4x+4y+4z}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{4.\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{3^2}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi x=y=z=1.
đặt \(NTCT=\frac{y}{x+3y}+\frac{z}{y+3z}+\frac{x}{z+3x}\)
\(\Rightarrow3NTCT=\frac{3y}{x+3y}+\frac{3z}{y+3z}+\frac{3x}{z+3x}\)
\(=3-\left(\frac{x}{x+3y}+\frac{y}{y+3z}+\frac{z}{z+3x}\right)=3-\left(\frac{x^2}{x^2+3xy}+\frac{y^2}{y^2+3yz}+\frac{z^2}{z^2+3zx}\right)\)
lại có:
\(\frac{x^2}{x^2+3xy}+\frac{y^2}{y^2+3yz}+\frac{z^2}{z^2+3zx}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow3NTCT\le3-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{9}{4}\Rightarrow NTCT\le\frac{3}{4}\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z
Vũ Thu Mai bn tham khảo nhé. Tham khảo thôi nha:
áp dụng cosi 3 số ko âm:
1.1.³√(x+3y) ≤ (1+1+x+3y)\3
1.1 ³√(y+3z) ≤ (1+1+y+3z)\3
1.1.³√(z+3x) ≤ (1+1+z+3x)\3
cộng vế vế ta đc
=> ³√(x+3y) + ³√(y+3z) + ³√(z+3x) ≤ (6+4(x+y+z))\3
=> ³√(x+3y) + ³√(y+3z) + ³√(z+3x) ≤ (6+3)\3 = 3
dấu = xảy ra khi:
1 = ³√(x+3y) = ³√(y+3z) = ³√(z+3x)
=> x=y=z=1/4