Cm vs mọi a,b ta có:a2+8.5b2+34>=4ab+2b+8a
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\(2a^2+17b^2-8ab-4b-16a+68\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-8ab+16b^2\right)+\left(a^2-16a+64\right)+\left(b^2-4b+4\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-4b\right)^2+\left(a-8\right)^2+\left(b-2\right)^2\ge0\) (đúng)
\(a^2+5b^2-4ab+2a-6b+3\)
\(=a^2-4ab+2a+5b^2-6b+3\)
\(=a^2-2a\left(2b-1\right)+5b^2-6b+3\)
\(=a^2-2.a.\frac{2b-1}{2}+\left(\frac{2b-1}{2}\right)^2+5b^2-6b-\left(\frac{2b-1}{2}\right)^2+3\)
\(=\left(a-\frac{2b-1}{2}\right)^2+5a^2-6b-\frac{\left(2b-1\right)^2}{4}+3\)
\(=\left(a-\frac{2b-1}{2}\right)^2+5a^2-6b-\frac{4b^2-4b+1}{4}+3\)
\(=\left(a-\frac{2b-1}{2}\right)^2+5a^2-6b-b^2+b-\frac{1}{4}+3\)
\(=\left(a-\frac{2b-1}{2}\right)^2+4b^2-5b+\frac{11}{4}\)
\(=\left(a-\frac{2b-1}{2}\right)^2+\left(2b\right)^2-2.2b.\frac{5}{4}+\frac{25}{16}+\frac{19}{16}\)
\(=\left(a-\frac{2b-1}{2}\right)^2+\left(2b-\frac{5}{4}\right)^2+\frac{19}{16}\)
Vì \(\left(a-\frac{2b-1}{2}\right)^2\ge0;\left(2b-\frac{5}{4}\right)^2\ge0=>\left(a-\frac{2b-1}{2}\right)^2+\left(2b-\frac{5}{4}\right)^2+\frac{19}{16}\ge\frac{19}{16}>0\) (với mọi a,b) (đpcm)
Tất cả các câu này đều có thể chứng minh bằng phép biến đổi tương đương:
a.
\(\Leftrightarrow a^{10}+b^{10}+a^4b^6+a^6b^4\le2a^{10}+2b^{10}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^{10}-a^6b^4+b^{10}-a^4b^6\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^6\left(a^4-b^4\right)-b^6\left(a^4-b^4\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^6-b^6\right)\left(a^4-b^4\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a^4+a^2b^2+b^4\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a^4+a^2b^2+b^4\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy BĐT đã cho đúng
b.
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a^2}{4}+b^2+c^2-ab+ac-2bc\right)+b^2-2b+1+c^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{2}-b+c\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+c^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
c.
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+4b^2+4c^2-4ab-8bc+4ac\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b+2c\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
d.
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^4-8a^3+4a^2+a^2-2a+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2a^2-2a\right)^2+\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
a/ \(x^2-6x+10=x^2-2.x.3+3^2+1=\left(x-3\right)^2+1\)
Với mọi x ta có :
\(\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+1>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+10>0\)
b/ \(x^2-4x+7=x^2-2.x.2+2^2+3=\left(x-2\right)^2+3\)
Với mọi x ta có :
\(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+3\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+7\ge3\left(đpcm\right)\)
c/ \(x^2+x+1=x^2+2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Với mọi x ta có :
\(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+1>0\left(đpcm\right)\)
d/ \(x^2+y^2+4x-6y+15=\left(x^2+4x+2^2\right)+\left(y^2-6y+3^2\right)+2=\left(x+2\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\)
Với mọi x,y ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+4x-6y+15>0\left(đpcm\right)\)
2/ Ta có :
\(\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab=a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab=a^2-2ab+b^2=\left(a-b\right)^2\)
Vậy \(\left(a-b\right)^2=\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab\left(đpcm\right)\)
3/ \(x^2+y^2=x^2+y^2+2xy-2xy=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\)
Mà \(x+y=7;xy=-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2=7^2-2.\left(-3\right)=49+6=55\)
Ta có:
\(a^2+8.5b^2+34\ge4ab+2b+8a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2a^2+17b^2-8ab-4b-16a+68\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-8ab+16b^2\right)+\left(a^2-16a+64\right)+\left(b^2-4b+4\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-4b\right)^2+\left(a-8\right)^2+\left(b-2\right)^2\ge0\) (Đúng)
Vậy \(a^2+8.5b^2+34\ge4ab+2b+8a\) (Đpcm)