Cho a2 + c2 = 2b2
CMR: (a+b)(a+c)+(c+a)(c+b)=2(b+a)(b+c)
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Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+2b+c}\ge\dfrac{4}{\dfrac{a^2+1}{2}+b^2+1+\dfrac{c^2+1}{2}}=\dfrac{8}{b^2+7}\)
Tương tự
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\ge\dfrac{8}{a^2+7}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\ge\dfrac{8}{c^2+7}\)
Cộng vế:
\(2\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\ge\dfrac{8}{a^2+7}+\dfrac{8}{b^2+7}+\dfrac{8}{c^2+7}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\ge\dfrac{4}{a^2+7}+\dfrac{4}{b^2+7}+\dfrac{4}{c^2+7}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Ta có: \(a\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+b\left(a^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+c\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\)
\(=a\left(b^2c^2-b^2-c^2+1\right)+b\left(a^2c^2-a^2-c^2+1\right)\)
\(+c\left(a^2b^2-a^2-b^2+1\right)\)
\(=ab^2c^2-ab^2-ac^2+a+ba^2c^2-a^2b-bc^2+b\)
\(+ca^2b^2-a^2c-b^2c+c\)
\(=\left(ab^2c^2+ba^2c^2+ca^2b^2\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(-\left(ab^2+ac^2+a^2b+bc^2+a^2c+b^2c\right)\)
\(=abc\left(bc+ac+ab\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)\)\(-\left[ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)\right]\)
\(=abc\left(bc+ac+ab\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)+3abc\)\(-\left[ab\left(a+b+c\right)+bc\left(a+b+c\right)+ca\left(a+b+c\right)\right]\)
\(=abc\left(bc+ac+ab\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)+3abc\)\(-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(=abc\left(bc+ac+ab\right)+abc+3abc\)\(-abc\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=4abc\)
Vậy \(a\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+b\left(a^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+c\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)=4abc\)(đpcm)
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{a+c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\) (a,b,c thực dương)
=\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{4}+\dfrac{b^2}{a+c}+\dfrac{a+c}{4}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\)
\(-\left(\dfrac{b+c}{4}+\dfrac{a+c}{4}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\right)\)
áp dụng BDT Cô si =>\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{4}\ge a\)
tương tự : \(\dfrac{b^2}{a+c}+\dfrac{a+c}{4}\ge b\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\ge c\)
=>\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{4}+\dfrac{b^2}{a+c}+\dfrac{a+c}{4}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\)
-\(-\left(\dfrac{b+c}{4}+\dfrac{a+c}{4}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\right)\ge a+b+c-\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
=\(\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\left(dpcm\right)\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho các số dương ta có:
$a^2+1\geq 2a$
$b^2+1\geq 2b$
$c^2+1\geq 2c$
$\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+3\geq 2(a+b+c)=4+a+b+c$
$\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\geq a+b+c+1> a+b+c$ (đpcm)
P≤√a2+2√aab+2b2+√b2+2√2bc+2c2+√c2+2√2ca+2a2P≤a2+2aab+2b2+b2+22bc+2c2+c2+22ca+2a2
P≤√(a+√2b)2+√(b+√2c)2+√(c+√2a)2P≤(a+2b)2+(b+2c)2+(c+2a)2
P≤(1+√2)(a+b+c)=1+√2P≤(1+2)(a+b+c)=1+2
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi (a;b;c)=(0;0;1)(a;b;c)=(0;0;1) và các hoán vị
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3=3a^2b^2c^2\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{bc}{a^2}+\dfrac{ac}{b^2}+\dfrac{ab}{c^2}=\dfrac{a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3}{a^2b^2c^2}=\dfrac{3a^2b^2c^2}{a^2b^2c^2}=3\)