Cho \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{3c}=\frac{c}{9a}\)CMR:b=c
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Đặt a/b=b/3c=c/9a=k
Ta có: a/b=b/3c=c/9a
=>(a/b)3=(b/3c)3=(c/9a)3=(a.b.c)/(b.3c.9c)=1/27=k3
=>k= (1/3)
Ta có: b/3c=1/3
=>b=c (đpcm)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{3c}=\frac{c}{9a}=k\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^3=\frac{a.b.c}{b.3c.9a}=\frac{1}{27}=k^3\Leftrightarrow k=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\frac{b}{3c}=\frac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow b=c\)
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{3c}=\frac{c}{9a}=k\)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{3c}=\frac{c}{9a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^3=\left(\frac{b}{3c}\right)^3=\left(\frac{c}{9a}\right)^3=\frac{a.b.c}{b.3c.9a}=\frac{1}{27}=k^3\)
\(\Rightarrow k=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{b}{3c}=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow b=\frac{1}{3}.3c=c\)
Vậy \(b=c\left(đpcm\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(9a^3+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}\ge3\sqrt[3]{9a^3\cdot\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{3}}=3a\)
\(3b^2+\frac{1}{3}\ge2\sqrt{3b^2\cdot\frac{1}{3}}=2b\)
Do đó: \(A\le\text{∑}\frac{a}{3a+2b+c-1}=\frac{a}{2a+b}\left(a+b+c=1\right)\)
\(2A\le\text{∑}\frac{2a}{2a+b}=3-\text{∑}\frac{b}{2a+b}=3-\text{∑}\frac{b^2}{2ab+b^2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(2A\le3-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca}\)
\(=3-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=2\Leftrightarrow A\le1\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{3c}=\frac{c}{9a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^3=\left(\frac{b}{3c}\right)^3=\left(\frac{c}{9a}\right)^3=\left(\frac{a.b.c}{b.3c.c.9a}\right)=\frac{1}{27}=k^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow k=\left(\frac{1}{27}\div\frac{1}{27}\right)\div3=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{3c}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Vậy \(\Rightarrow b=c\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ngoài http://olm.vn/hoi-dap/question/779981.html còn cách khác
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\left(9a^3+3a^2+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{9a}+\frac{1}{3}+c\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\text{∑}\frac{a\left(\frac{1}{9a}+\frac{1}{3}+c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\text{∑}\left(\frac{1}{9}+\frac{a}{3}+ac\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{a+b+c}{3}+\text{∑}ab\le\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=1\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Cauchy-SChwarz:
\(\left(9a^3+3b^2+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{9a}+\dfrac{1}{3}+c\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{\left(9a^3+3b^2+c\right)}\le\dfrac{a\left(\dfrac{1}{9a}+\dfrac{1}{3}+c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{a}{3}+ac}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại rồi cộng theo vế:
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{9}\cdot3+\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}+ab+bc+ca\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{9}\cdot3+\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}+\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=1\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)