Tìm x, biết:
(x-1)3-(x+1)(2-3x)=-3
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1.
a) \(=x^2-6x+9+3x^2-15x=4x^2-21x+9\)
b) \(=9x^2+12x+4-x^2+9=8x^2+12x+13\)
2.
a) \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+8x+16-x^2+4-5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow8x=-15\\ \Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{15}{8}\)
b) \(\Leftrightarrow9x^2-6x+1-8x^2+12x-2x+3-5-x^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4x=1\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Bài 2:
a: Ta có: \(A=\left(x+1\right)^3+\left(x-1\right)^3\)
\(=x^3+3x^2+3x+1+x^3-3x^2+3x-1\)
\(=2x^3+6x\)
b: Ta có: \(B=\left(x-3\right)^3-\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)+\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)\)
\(=x^3-9x^2+27x-27-x^3-27+9x^2-1\)
\(=27x-55\)
Ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left|x+1\right|\ge0\\\left|x+3\right|\ge0\\\left|x+5\right|\ge0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow VT\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-4\ge\Leftrightarrow x\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow pt\Leftrightarrow3x+9=3x-4\Leftrightarrow9=-4\)(vô lí)
Vậy pt vô nghiệm
\(\left||2x-3|-x+3\right|=4x-1\)(1)
*Nếu \(x\le3\)thì \(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-3\right|+3-x=4x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-3\right|=5x-4\)(2)
+) TH1: \(x\ge\frac{3}{2}\)thì \(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow2x-3=5x-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3x=-1\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{3}\left(L\right)\)
+) TH2: \(x< \frac{3}{2}\)thì \(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow3-2x=5x-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-7x=-7\Leftrightarrow x=1\left(TM\right)\)
*Nếu \(x>3\)thì \(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-3\right|-3+x=4x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-3\right|=3x+2\)(3)
+) TH1: \(x\ge\frac{3}{2}\)thì \(\left(3\right)\Leftrightarrow2x-3=3x+2\Leftrightarrow-x=5\Leftrightarrow x=-5\left(L\right)\)
+) TH2: \(x< \frac{3}{2}\)thì \(\left(3\right)\Leftrightarrow3-2x=3x+2\Leftrightarrow-5x=-1\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{5}\left(L\right)\)
Vậy x = 1
\(\left(x-2\right)^3+\left(3\text{x}-1\right)\left(3\text{x}+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^3+\left(3\text{x}-1\right)\left(3\text{x}+1\right)-\left(x+1\right)^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-6\text{x}^2+12\text{x}-8\right)+\left(9\text{x}^2-1\right)-\left(x^3+3\text{x}^2+3\text{x}+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-6\text{x}^2+12\text{x}-8+9\text{x}^2-1-x^3-3\text{x}^2-3\text{x}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-x^3\right)+\left(-6\text{x}^2+9\text{x}^2-3\text{x}^2\right)+\left(12\text{x}-3\text{x}\right)+\left(-8-1-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\text{x}-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\text{x}=10\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{10}{9}\)
Vậy x = \(\frac{10}{9}\)
Đặt x2 + 3x + 3 = a ; x2 - x - 1 = b ; -2x2 - 2x - 1 = c ; -1 = d
Ta nhận thấy a3 + b3 + c3 + d3 = 0 (1)
và a + b + c + d = 0
Khi đó ta có (1) <=> (a + b)3 + (c + d)3 - 3ab(a + b) - 3cd(c + d) = 0
<=> ab(a + b) + cd(c + d) = 0
<=> (a + b)(ab - cd) = 0
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-b\\ab=cd\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với a = -b ta được x2 + 3x + 3 = -x2 + x + 1
<=> x2 + x + 1 = 0
<=> \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
=> Phương trình vô nghiệm
Với ab = cd
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+3x+3\right).\left(x^2-x-1\right)=2x^2+2x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^4+2x^3-3x^2-8x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^4+2x^3+x^2\right)-\left(4x^2+8x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x\right)^2-\left(2x+2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+3x+2\right).\left(x^2-x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2.\left(x-2\right).\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=\pm2\end{matrix}\right.\)