cho a,b,c dương thỏa mãn a+2b + 3c=1. chứng minh abc \(\le\) \(\frac{1}{162}\)
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\(BDT\Leftrightarrow\frac{6a+2b+3c+17}{1+6a}+\frac{6a+2b+3c+17}{1+2b}+\frac{6a+2b+3c+17}{1+3c}\ge18\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(6a+2b+3c+17\right)\left(\frac{1}{1+6a}+\frac{1}{1+2b}+\frac{1}{1+3c}\right)\ge18\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
\(\frac{1}{1+6a}+\frac{1}{1+2b}+\frac{1}{1+3c}\ge\frac{9}{6a+2b+3c+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=\left(6a+2b+3c+17\right)\left(\frac{1}{1+6a}+\frac{1}{1+2b}+\frac{1}{1+3c}\right)\)
\(\ge\left(6a+2b+3c+17\right)\cdot\frac{9}{6a+2b+3c+3}\)
\(=\left(11+17\right)\cdot\frac{9}{11+3}=18=VP\)
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\(\frac{1}{3a+2b+c}\le\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{3}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\) )cái này bn tự cm nha bằng hệ quả của bunhia
tương tự :\(\frac{1}{3b+2c+a}\le\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{3}{b}+\frac{2}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{3c+2a+b}\le\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{3}{c}+\frac{2}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
Công tất cả các vế vs nhau:\(\frac{1}{3a+2b+c}+\frac{1}{3b+2c+a}+\frac{1}{3c+2a+b}\le\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{6}{a}+\frac{6}{b}+\frac{6}{c}\right)\)=1/36 x96=8/3
à còn phần mik dùng bunhia sao ra dc thế nè :\(\frac{1}{3a+2b+c}=\frac{1}{a+a+a+b+b+c}\)
\(=\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{36}{a+a+a+b+b+c}\right)\le\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{3}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Bài này chả khó với lại đầy người đăng rồi
Ta có: \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\) và \(b^2+1\ge2b\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+b^2+1+2\ge2ab+2b+2=2\left(ab+b+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2ab+2b+2}=\frac{1}{2\left(ab+b+1\right)}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2\left(bc+c+1\right)}\left(2\right);\frac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2\left(ac+a+1\right)}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng theo vế của \(\left(1\right);\left(2\right);\left(3\right)\) ta có:
\(VT\le\frac{1}{2\left(ab+b+1\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(bc+c+1\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(ac+a+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ac}{a^2bc+abc+ac}+\frac{a}{abc+ac+a}+\frac{1}{ac+a+1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ac}{ac+a+1}+\frac{a}{ac+a+1}+\frac{1}{ac+a+1}\right)\left(abc=1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ac+a+1}{ac+a+1}\right)=\frac{1}{2}=VP\) (ĐPCM)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ta có: \(a^2+b^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2b^2}=2ab\)\(;b^2+1\ge2\sqrt{b^2\cdot1}=2b\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+2b^2+3\ge2ab+2b+2=2\left(ab+b+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(ab+b+1\right)\left(1\right)\). Tương tự ta có:
\(\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(bc+c+1\right)\left(2\right);\frac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(ac+a+1\right)\left(3\right)\)
Cộng theo vế của (1);(2) và (3) ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}+\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}+\frac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{bc+c+1}+\frac{1}{ac+a+1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{ab}{ab+b+1}+\frac{b}{ab+b+1}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\) (vì abc=1)
Suy ra Đpcm. Dấu "=" khi a=b=c=1
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}=\frac{1}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+2}\le\frac{1}{2ab+2b+2}=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{ab+b+1}\)
Tương tự CM được:
\(\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{bc+c+1}\) và \(\frac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{ca+a+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{bc+c+1}+\frac{1}{ca+a+1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{ab}{ab^2c+abc+ab}+\frac{b}{abc+ab+b}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{ab}{b+1+ab}+\frac{b}{1+ab+b}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\cdot1=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: a = b = c = 1
A=\(\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}\)+\(\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}\)+\(\frac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\)
ta có: \(\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}\)=\(\frac{1}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+2}\)\(\le\)\(\frac{1}{2\left(ab+b+1\right)}\)
vì : a2+b2\(\ge\)2\(\sqrt{a^2b^2}\)=2ab
b2+1\(\ge\)2\(\sqrt{b^2x1}\)=2b
cmtt => A\(\le\)\(\frac{1}{2}\)x(\(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}\)+\(\frac{1}{bc+c+1}\)+\(\frac{1}{ca+a+1}\))
=\(\frac{1}{2}\)x(\(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}\)+\(\frac{ab}{ab^2c+abc+ab}\)+\(\frac{b}{cba+ab+b}\))
=\(\frac{1}{2}\)x (\(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}\)+\(\frac{ab}{ab+b+1}\)+\(\frac{b}{ab+b+1}\))=\(\frac{1}{2}\)x\(\frac{ab+b+1}{ab+b+1}\)=\(\frac{1}{2}\)
dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
\(ab+bc+ca=abc\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=1\)
Đặt vế trái của BĐT cần chứng minh là P
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a+2b+3c}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+b+c+c+c}\le\dfrac{1}{6^2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+2b+3c}\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{b+2c+3a}\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}+\dfrac{3}{a}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{c+2a+3b}\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{6}{a}+\dfrac{6}{b}+\dfrac{6}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cosi cho 3 số dương ta có:
\(a+2b+3c\ge3\sqrt[3]{a.2b.3c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a.2b.3c\right)^3\ge162abc\)
\(\Rightarrow abc\le\frac{1}{162}\)
\(a=2b=3c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Dấu " = " sảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{1}{3}\\b=\frac{1}{6}\\c=\frac{1}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)