cho a + b + c = 3. Chứng minh ab + bc + ca <= a + b + c
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\frac{a-bc}{a+bc}=\frac{a-bc}{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}=\frac{a-bc}{a^2+ab+bc+ca}=\frac{a-bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
\(=\left(a-bc\right)\sqrt{\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2\left(c+a\right)^2}}\le\frac{\frac{a-bc}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{a-bc}{\left(c+a\right)^2}}{2}=\frac{a-bc}{2\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{a-bc}{2\left(c+a\right)^2}\)
Tương tự, ta có: \(\frac{b-ca}{b+ca}\le\frac{b-ca}{2\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{b-ca}{2\left(a+b\right)^2}\)\(;\)\(\frac{c-ab}{c+ab}\le\frac{c-ab}{2\left(c+a\right)^2}+\frac{c-ab}{2\left(b+c\right)^2}\)
=> \(\frac{a-bc}{a+bc}+\frac{b-ca}{b+ca}+\frac{c-ab}{c+ab}\le\frac{a-bc+b-ca}{2\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{b-ca+c-ab}{2\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{a-bc+c-ab}{2\left(c+a\right)^2}\)
\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(1-c\right)}{2\left(a+b\right)\left(1-c\right)}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)\left(1-a\right)}{2\left(b+c\right)\left(1-a\right)}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)\left(1-b\right)}{2\left(c+a\right)\left(1-b\right)}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có \(\frac{a.1-bc}{a.1+bc}==\frac{a^2+ac}{a^2+ab+bc+ca}=\frac{a}{a+b}\)
Từ đó \(\frac{a-bc}{a+bc}+\frac{b-ca}{b+ca}+\frac{c-ab}{c+ab}=\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}\)
\(=-\left(\frac{a}{c-1}+\frac{b}{a-1}+\frac{c}{b-1}\right)=-\left(\frac{a^2}{ca-a}+\frac{b^2}{ab-b}+\frac{c^2}{bc-c}\right)\)
\(\le-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca-\left(a+b+c\right)}=-\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca-1}\le-\frac{1}{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}-1}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
ta có: \(a^2\)+\(b^2\)+\(c^2\)\(\ge\)ab+bc+ca
<=> \(a^2\)+\(b^2\)+\(c^2\)-ab-bc-ca\(\ge\)0
<=>2\(a^2\)+2\(b^2\)+2\(c^2\)-2ab-2bc-2ca\(\ge\)0
<=> (\(a^2\)-2ab+\(b^2\))+(\(b^2\)-2bc+\(c^2\))+(\(c^2\)-2ca+\(a^2\))\(\ge\)0
<=> \(\left(a-b\right)^2\)+\(\left(b-c\right)^2\)+\(\left(c-a\right)^2\)\(\ge\)0 (luôn đúng)
dấu = xảy ra khi a =b=c
a−b<c<=>a2+b2−2ab<c2a−b<c<=>a2+b2−2ab<c2
b−c<a<=>b2+c2−2bc<a2b−c<a<=>b2+c2−2bc<a2
a−c<b<=>a2+c2−2ac<b2a−c<b<=>a2+c2−2ac<b2
Cộng các vế ta có
2(a2+b2+c2)−2(ab+bc+ac)<a2+b2+c2<=>2(ab+ac+bc)>a2+b2+c22(a2+b2+c2)−2(ab+bc+ac)<a2+b2+c2<=>2(ab+ac+bc)>a2+b2+c2 (đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
tìm so nguyên tố p và các số dương x y sao cho
p-1=2x(x+2)
p^2-1=2y(y+2)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a,b,c là độ dài 3 cạnh của 1 tam giác nên:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}a< b+c\\b< c+a\\c< a+b\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a^2< ab+ac\\b^2< bc+ab\\c^2< ac+bc\end{cases}}\)
Cộng từng vế của các BĐT trên:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2< 2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)\(< 4\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)\(< 4\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)(đpcm)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le3\left(a+b+c\right)\) (nhân 3 vào hai vế)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le\left(a+b+c\right)^2\) (sử dụng giả thiết 3 = a + b + c để đồng bậc hóa hai vế)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)