phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử : x2 + x -20
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\(\left(x^2+4y^2-20\right)^2-16\left(xy-4\right)^2=\left(x^2+4y^2-20\right)^2-\left(4xy-16\right)^2=\left(x^2+4y^2-20-4xy+16\right)\left(x^2+4y^2-20+4xy-16\right)=\left[\left(x-2y\right)^2-4\right]\left[\left(x+2y\right)^2-36\right]=\left(x-2y-2\right)\left(x-2y+2\right)\left(x+2y-6\right)\left(x+2y+6\right)\)
\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+5\right)-21=x^4+x^3+5x^2+x^3+x^2+5x+x^2+x+5-21=x^4+2x^3+7x^2+6x-16=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x+8\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1+4\right)-21\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)^2+4\left(x^2+x+1\right)-21\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)^2-3\left(x^2+x+1\right)+7\left(x^2+x+1\right)-21\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)+7\left(x^2+x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+8\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+8\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-1\right)+x\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
x2 – x – 6
= x2 + 2x – 3x – 6
(Tách –x = 2x – 3x)
= x(x + 2) – 3(x + 2)
(có x + 2 là nhân tử chung)
= (x – 3)(x + 2)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-2x^2+x^2-2x+x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-2\right)+x\left(x-2\right)+\left(x-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
-Đặt \(t=\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(\left(x^2-x+1\right)^2-5x\left(x^2-x+1\right)+4x^2\)
\(=t^2-5xt+4x^2\)
\(=t^2-4xt-xt+4x^2\)
\(=t\left(t-4x\right)-x\left(t-4x\right)\)
\(=\left(t-4x\right)\left(t-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-x+1-4x\right)\left(x^2-x+1-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-5x+1\right)\left(x^2-2x +1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-5x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(x^2\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
\(x^3-x^2-x+1\)
\(=x^2\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2\cdot\left(x+1\right)\)
\(x^2+x-20=\left(x^2+5x\right)-\left(4x+20\right)=x\left(x+5\right)-4\left(x+5\right)=\left(x+5\right)\left(x-4\right)\)
x2 + x - 20
= x2 + 5x - 4x - 20
= ( x2 + 5x ) - ( 4x + 20 )
= x( x + 5 ) - 4( x + 5 )
= ( x - 4 )( x + 5 )