cho A = 2+2\(^2\)+2\(^3\)+2\(^4\)+............+ 2\(^{60}\)chứng tỏ A chia hết cho 3
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Ta có : A = 2 + 22 + 23 +... + 260
= (2 + 22 + 23 + 24) + ... + ( 257 + 258 + 259 +260)
= 2 x ( 1 + 2 + 22 + 23) + ... + 257 x ( 1 + 2 + 22 + 23)
= 2 x 15 + ... + 257 x 15
Vì 15 chia hết cho 3 =.> 2x15 chia hết cho 3;...; 257x15 chia hết cho 3
Vậy A chia hết cho 3
A=(2+2^2)+(2^3+2^4)+...+(2^59+2^60)
A=2x(1+2)+2^3x(1+2)+...+2^59x(1+2)
A=2x3+2^3x3+...+2^59x3
A=3x(2+2^3+..+2^60)
Vì 3chia hết cho 3=>3x(2+2^3+...+2^60) cũng chia hết cho 3
Vậy A chia hết cho 3(Điều phải chứng tỏ)
Bài 3:
\(A=5+5^2+..+5^{12}\)
\(5A=5\cdot\left(5+5^2+..5^{12}\right)\)
\(5A=5^2+5^3+...+5^{13}\)
\(5A-A=\left(5^2+5^3+...+5^{13}\right)-\left(5+5^2+...+5^{12}\right)\)
\(4A=5^2+5^3+...+5^{13}-5-5^2-...-5^{12}\)
\(4A=5^{13}-5\)
\(A=\dfrac{5^{13}-5}{4}\)
b: \(A=3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^{58}\left(1+3+3^2\right)\)
\(=13\left(3+...+3^{58}\right)⋮13\)
\(a,\Leftrightarrow2A=8+2^3+2^4+...+2^{21}\\ \Leftrightarrow2A-A=8+2^3+2^4+...+2^{21}-4-2^2-2^3-...-2^{20}\\ \Leftrightarrow A=2^{21}+8-4-2^2=2^{21}\left(đpcm\right)\\ b,A=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+\left(3^4+3^5+3^6\right)+...+\left(3^{58}+3^{59}+3^{60}\right)\\ A=3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+3^4\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^{58}\left(1+3+3^2\right)\\ A=\left(1+3+3^2\right)\left(3+3^4+...+3^{58}\right)\\ A=13\left(3+3^4+...+3^{58}\right)⋮13\)
Cho \(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{60}\)
Chứng tỏ
a, A chia hết cho 3
b, A chia hết cho 5
c, A chia hết cho 7
a) \(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{60}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)
\(=2\left(2+1\right)+2^3\left(2+1\right)+...+2^{59}\left(2+1\right)\)
\(=3\left(2+2^3+...+2^{59}\right)⋮3\)
Vậy \(A⋮3\)
b) \(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{60}\)
\(=\left(2+2^3\right)+\left(2^2+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{58}+2^{60}\right)\)
\(=2\left(1+2^2\right)+2^2\left(1+2^2\right)+...+2^{58}\left(1+2^2\right)\)
\(=5\left(2+2^2+...+2^{58}\right)⋮5\)
Vậy \(A⋮5\)
c) \(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{60}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+...+\left(2^{58}+2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^4\left(1+2+2^2\right)+..+2^{58}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=7\left(2+2^4+...+2^{58}\right)⋮7\)
Vậy \(A⋮7\)
\(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{59}+2^{60}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)
\(=2\left(1+2\right)+2^3\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{59}\left(1+2\right)\)
\(=2.3+2^3.3+...+2^{59}.3\)
\(=3\left(2+2^3+...+2^{59}\right)⋮3\left(đpcm\right)\)