Rút gọn:
a) (a+b)3 + (a+b) (a2-ab+b2)
b) (a-2) (a+2) (a2+4) - (a2+5) (a2-5)
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b: =>a=5-b
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5-b\right)^2+b^2=13\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2b^2-10b+25-13=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-2\right)\left(b-3\right)=0\)
hay \(b\in\left\{2;3\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\in\left\{3;2\right\}\)
a) \(\dfrac{a}{5}=\dfrac{b}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{25}=\dfrac{b^2}{16}\)
Áp dụng tính chất DTSBN :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{25}=\dfrac{b^2}{16}=\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{25-16}=\dfrac{1}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=\dfrac{1}{9}\cdot25=\dfrac{25}{9}\\b^2=\dfrac{1}{9}\cdot16=\dfrac{16}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{5}{3};b=\dfrac{4}{3}\\a=\dfrac{-5}{3};b=-\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left(a;b\right)\in\left\{\left(\dfrac{5}{3};\dfrac{4}{3}\right);\left(-\dfrac{5}{3};-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\right\}\)
b) \(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{3}=\dfrac{c}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{4}=\dfrac{b^2}{9}=\dfrac{c^2}{16}\)
Áp dụng tính chất DTSBN :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{4}=\dfrac{b^2}{9}=\dfrac{c^2}{16}=\dfrac{2c^2}{32}=\dfrac{a^2-b^2+2c^2}{4-9+32}=\dfrac{108}{27}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=4.4=16\\b^2=4.9=36\\c^2=4,16=64\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=4;=6;c=8\\a=-4;b=-6;c=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy (a;b;c) \(\in\left\{\left(4;6;8\right);\left(-4;-6;-8\right)\right\}\)
\(N=a^3+b^3+3ab\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+3ab\)
=1
\(M=\left(a^2+b^2+2-a^2-b^2+2\right)\left[\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)^2+\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)\left(a^2+b^2-2\right)+\left(a^2+b^2-2\right)^2\right]-12\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2\\ M=4\left(a^4+b^4+4+4a^2+4b^2+2a^2b^2+\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2-4+a^4+b^4+4-4a^2-4b^2+2a^2b^2\right)-12\left(a^4+2a^2b^2+b^4\right)\\ M=4\left(3a^4+3b^4+4+6a^2b^2\right)-12\left(a^4+2a^2b^2+b^4\right)\\ M=4\left(3a^4+3b^4+4+6a^2b^2-3a^4-6a^2b^2-3b^4\right)\\ M=4\cdot4=164\)
\(a,=a^8-16\\ b,\left(a+c\right)^2-b^2=a^2+2ac+c^2-b^2\\ c,=\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a^4+b^4\right)\\ =\left(a^4-b^4\right)\left(a^4+b^4\right)=a^8-b^8\\ d,=\left[\left(3x+y\right)-2\right]^2=\left(3x+y\right)^2-4\left(3x+y\right)+4\\ =9x^2+6xy+y^2-12x-4y+4\\ h,=x^3+64\\ e,=\left(2^4-1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)\\ =\left(2^8-1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)=2^{16}-1=...\\ f,=\left(x+y-x+y\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\right]\\ =2y\left(x^2+2xy+y^2+x^2-y^2+x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\\ =2y\left(3x^2+y^2\right)\)
a) VT = (a - 1)(a - 2) + (a - 3)(a + 4) - (2a2 + 5a - 34)
= a2 - 2a - a + 2 + a2 + 4a - 3a - 12 - 2a2 - 5a + 34
= (a2 + a2 - 2a2) - (2a + a - 4a + 3a + 5a) + (2 - 12 + 34)
= -7a + 24
=> VT = VP
=> đpcm
b) VT = (a - b)(a2 + ab + b2) - (a + b)(a2 - ab + b2)
= (a3 - b3) - (a3 + b3)
= a3 - b3 - a3 - b3
= -2b3
=> VT = VP
=> Đpcm
Câu b bn xem đề lại (a + b)(a2 - ab + b2) ko phải là (a + b)(a2 - ab - b2)
Biến đổi vế trái ta có:
VT = (a + b)( a 2 – ab + b 2 ) + (a – b)( a 2 + ab + b 2 )
= a 3 + b 3 + a 3 – b 3 = 2 a 3 = VP
Vế trái bằng vế phải nên đẳng thức được chứng minh.
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3=3a^2b^2c^2\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{bc}{a^2}+\dfrac{ac}{b^2}+\dfrac{ab}{c^2}=\dfrac{a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3}{a^2b^2c^2}=\dfrac{3a^2b^2c^2}{a^2b^2c^2}=3\)
\(\left(a-2\right)\left(a+2\right)\left(a^2+4\right)-\left(a^2+5\right)\left(a^2-5\right)\)
\(=\left(a^2-4\right)\left(a^2+4\right)-\left(a^2+5\right)\left(a^2-5\right)\)
\(=a^4-16-a^4+25\)
\(=9\)