A=1+3+3^2+3^3+...+3^2018
B=3^2019
So sánh A và B
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Có: \(\frac{2018a+3}{1+b^2}=2018a+3-\frac{b^2\left(2018a+3\right)}{1+b^2}\) (Làm tắt ráng hiểu ^^)
\(\ge2018a+3-\frac{b^2\left(2018a+3\right)}{2b}\left(Cauchy\right)\)
\(=2018a+3-\frac{b\left(2018a+3\right)}{2}\)
\(=2018a+3-\frac{2018ab+3b}{2}\)
Tương tự \(\frac{2018b+3}{1+c^2}\ge2018b+3-\frac{2018bc+3b}{2}\)
\(\frac{2018c+3}{1+a^2}\ge2018c+3-\frac{2018ac+3a}{2}\)
CỘng vế với vế của các bđt trên lại ta được
\(A\ge2018\left(a+b+c\right)+9-\frac{2018\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+3\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}\)
\(=2018\left(a+b+c\right)+9-\frac{6054+3\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}\)
\(=2018\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}-3018\)
\(=\frac{4033\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}-3018\)
Ta có bđt phụ : \(a+b+c\ge\sqrt{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)(1)
Thật vậy \(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc\ge3ab+3bc+3ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)(Luôn đúng)
Nên (1) được chứng minh
ÁP dụng (1) ta được \(A\ge\frac{4033\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}-3018\ge\frac{4033}{2}\sqrt{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-3018\)
\(=\frac{4033}{2}\sqrt{3.3}-3018\)
\(=\frac{6063}{2}\)
Dấu "='' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=c\\ab+bc+ca=3\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}a=b=c=1\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=\frac{6063}{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}b^2=ac\\c^2=bd\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}\\\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}}\)
=>\(\frac{a^3}{b^3}=\frac{2018b^3}{2018c^3}=\frac{2019c^3}{2019d^3}=\frac{a^3-2018b^3-2019c^3}{b^3-2018c^3-2019d^3}\left(1\right)\)
Mà \(\frac{a^3}{b^3}=\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{b}{c}\cdot\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a}{d}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) => đpcm
\(\left(a^3-3ab^2\right)^2=25\Leftrightarrow a^6-6a^4b^2+9a^2b^4=25\)
\(\left(b^3-3a^2b\right)^2=100\Leftrightarrow b^6-6a^2b^4+9a^4b^2=100\)
\(\Rightarrow a^6-6a^4b^2+9a^2b^4+b^6-6a^2b^4+9a^4b^2=125\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2=125\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2=5\)
Thay a2+b2=5 vào S=2018a2+2018b2=2018(a2+b2)=2018.5=10090
A=1+3+32+33+.....+32021
-->3A=3(1+3+32+33+.....+32021)
-->3A=3+32+33+...+32022
-->3A-A=(3+32+33+....32022)-(1+3+32+33+.....+32021)
-->2A=32022-1
-->A=(32022-1):2
Vì (32022-1):2>(32022-1):2
-->A=B
Lời giải:
$A=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2022}}$
$3A=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2021}}$
$\Rightarrow 3A-A=1-\frac{1}{3^{2022}}$
$\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2.3^{2022}}$
Xét hiệu:
$A-B=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2.3^{2022}}-(1-\frac{1}{3^{2021}})$
$=\frac{1}{3^{2021}}-\frac{1}{2.3^{2022}}-\frac{1}{2}$
$=\frac{5}{2.3^{2022}}-\frac{1}{2}$
$< \frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}=0$
$\Rightarrow A< B$
\(A=\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(3-1\right)\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(3^2-1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(3^4-1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(3^8-1\right)\)
Vậy A < B
\(A=\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3-1\right)\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)=\left(3^2-1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^8-1\right)\)
\(A=\frac{3^8-1}{2}< B\)
Ta có `3A=1+1/3+....+1/3^99`
`=>3A-A=1-1/3^100`
`=>2A=1-1/3^100`
`=>A=1/2-1/(2.3^100)<1/2`
Hay `A<B`
3A=3+32+33+...+32019
-A=1+3+32+...+3018
2A=32019-1<B=32019
=>A<B
Ta có A=1+3+3^2+...+3^2018
3A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^2019
3A-A=3^2019-1
A=(3^2019-1):2
=>A<B