a-b=\(\dfrac{a}{b}\)=2
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HP
30 tháng 1 2021
1.
Áp dụng BĐT BSC:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c>0\)
2.
Áp dụng BĐT \(x^2+y^2\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\) và BĐT BSC:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{b+c}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{c+a}{c^2+a^2}\)
\(\le\dfrac{a+b}{\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}+\dfrac{b+c}{\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2}}+\dfrac{c+a}{\dfrac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{2}{c+a}\)
\(\le2.\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c>0\)
HP
30 tháng 1 2021
Cách khác:
1.
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{4}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c+a}{4}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\ge a+b+c-\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c>0\)
2 tháng 12 2021
Câu 1:
a, Giả sử \(A=\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{a^2}-\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{b}{a}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{a^2}-2\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\ge0\)
Mà \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\Leftrightarrow A\ge\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{a^2}-2\cdot\dfrac{a}{b}-2\cdot\dfrac{b}{a}+2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}-2\cdot\dfrac{a}{b}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{b^2}{a^2}-2\cdot\dfrac{b}{a}+1\right)\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}-1\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{b}{a}-1\right)^2\ge0\left(\text{luôn đúng}\right)\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
b, \(B=\dfrac{a^4}{b^4}+\dfrac{b^4}{a^4}-2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{a^2}\right)+2+\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+2+\dfrac{b^2}{a^2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)-4\)
\(B=\left(\dfrac{a^4}{b^4}-2\cdot\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{b^4}{a^4}-2\cdot\dfrac{b^2}{a^2}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)-2\\ \Leftrightarrow B=\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}-1\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{b^2}{a^2}-1\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)^2+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}-4\\ \Leftrightarrow B\ge0+0+0+\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{ab}-4\ge\dfrac{2ab}{ab}-4=2-4=-2\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left(a;b\right)\in\left\{\left(1;-1\right);\left(-1;1\right)\right\}\)
Câu 2:
\(\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(3^2+4^2\right)\ge\left(3x+4y\right)^2=M^2\\ \Leftrightarrow M^2\le25\cdot25\\ \Leftrightarrow M\le25\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{9}=\dfrac{y^2}{16}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{9+16}=\dfrac{25}{25}=1\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=9\\y^2=16\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(M_{max}=25\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(3;4\right)\)
7 tháng 3 2018
Áp dụng BĐT Cô si dạng phân số ta có :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
=> ĐPCM .
7 tháng 3 2018
b) Vì a,b,c > 0 .
Áp dụng BĐT Cô si ta có :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+b\ge2a\) (1)
Tương tự ta có : \(\dfrac{b^2}{c}+c\ge2b\) (2)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{a}+a\ge2c\) (3)
Cộng từng vế => ĐPCM .
TC
6 tháng 5 2022
a)\(\dfrac{a}{b}=5-\dfrac{3}{5}=\dfrac{25}{5}-\dfrac{3}{5}=\dfrac{22}{5}\)
b)\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{5}{6}+\dfrac{4}{7}=\dfrac{35}{42}+\dfrac{24}{42}=\dfrac{59}{42}\)
c)\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{3}{5}:\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{3}{5}\times\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{9}{10}\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
1 tháng 5 2021
a.
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2\left(b+c\right)}{4\left(b+c\right)}}=a\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c+a}{4}\ge b\) ; \(\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\ge c\)
Cộng vế:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
1 tháng 5 2021
b.
Ta có:
\(a^2+bc\ge2\sqrt{a^2bc}=2\sqrt{ab.ac}\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2+bc}\le\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{ab.ac}}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{ac}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{1}{b^2+ac}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{c^2+ab}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{ac}+\dfrac{1}{bc}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+bc}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+ac}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+ab}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}\right)=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2abc}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
NA
27 tháng 12 2021
a,Từ \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{b}\)⇒\(c^2=a.b\)
Khi đó \(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a^2+a.b}{b^2+a.b}\\ =\dfrac{a\left(a+b\right)}{b\left(a+b\right)}\)
NA
27 tháng 12 2021
b,Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a}{b}\Rightarrow\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{a^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a}{b}\\ \dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{b}{a}\Rightarrow\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{a^2+c^2}-1=\dfrac{b}{a}-1\\ hay\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2-c^2}{a^2+c^2}=\dfrac{b-a}{a}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{b^2-a^2}{a^2+c^2}=\dfrac{b-a}{a}\)
19 tháng 2 2021
a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b}{a}=\dfrac{d}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b}{a}-1=\dfrac{d}{c}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b-a}{a}=\dfrac{d-c}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a-b}{a}=\dfrac{c-d}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)(đpcm)
3 tháng 1 2019
3/ Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM, ta có :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{\left(bc\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2a}{c}\)
\(\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{\left(ac\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2b}{a}\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ac\right)^2}{\left(ab\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2c}{b}\)
Cộng 3 vế của BĐT trên ta có :
\(2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)
AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
4 tháng 1 2019
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{1}{2\sqrt{a^2.bc}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{b^2.ac}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{c^2.ab}}=\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}}{2abc}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{ab}\leq \frac{b+c}{2}+\frac{c+a}{2}+\frac{a+b}{2}=a+b+c\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2abc}\leq \frac{a+b+c}{2abc}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
Có \(\dfrac{a}{b}=2\Rightarrow a=2b\)
Mà a-b=2
\(\Rightarrow2b-b=2\Rightarrow b=2\Rightarrow a=2+2=4\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{1}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{1}=\dfrac{a-b}{2-1}=\dfrac{2}{1}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2.2\\b=2.1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=4\\b=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy, a = 4; b = 2