1. Tìm x,y,z :
e, x/2 = y/3 ; y/4 = z/5 và x + y - z = 10
giúp e với
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\(\dfrac{x}{y+z+1}\) = \(\dfrac{y}{x+z+2}\) = \(\dfrac{z}{x+y-3}\) = \(x+y+z\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{y+z+1}\)=\(\dfrac{y}{x+z+2}\)=\(\dfrac{z}{x+y-3}\)=\(\dfrac{x+y+z}{y+z+1+x+z+2+x+y-3}\)
\(x+y+z\) = \(\dfrac{x+y+z}{2.\left(x+y+z\right)}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{x}{y+z+1}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) ⇒ 2\(x\) = y+z+1
⇒ 2\(x\) + \(x\) = \(x+y+z+1\) (2)
Thay (1) vào (2) ta có: 2\(x\) + \(x\) = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) + 1
3\(x\) = \(\dfrac{3}{2}\) ⇒ \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{y}{x+z+2}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) ⇒ 2y = \(x+z+2\) ⇒ 2y+y = \(x+y+z+2\) (3)
Thay (1) vào (3) ta có: 2y + y = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) + 2
3y = \(\dfrac{5}{2}\) ⇒ y = \(\dfrac{5}{6}\)
Thay \(x=\dfrac{1}{2};y=\dfrac{5}{6}\) vào (1) ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{5}{6}+z\) = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{5}{6}\) + z = 0 ⇒ z = - \(\dfrac{5}{6}\)
Kết luận: (\(x;y;z\)) = (\(\dfrac{1}{2}\); \(\dfrac{5}{6}\); - \(\dfrac{5}{6}\))
a ) \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{4}\)và \(x+z=18\)
Áp dụng t/c dãy tỏ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{4}=\frac{x+z}{2+4}=\frac{18}{6}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{2}=3\\\frac{y}{3}=3\\\frac{z}{4}=3\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=6\\y=9\\z=12\end{cases}}\)
b ) \(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{-6}=\frac{z}{7}\) và \(y-x=39\)
Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{-6}=\frac{z}{7}=\frac{y-x}{-6-5}=\frac{39}{-11}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{5}=\frac{39}{-11}\\\frac{y}{-6}=\frac{39}{-11}\\\frac{z}{7}=\frac{39}{-11}\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{195}{11}\\y=-\frac{234}{11}\\z=\frac{273}{11}\end{cases}}\)
d) Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{x-1}{2}=\frac{y-2}{3}=\frac{z-3}{4}=\frac{2y-4}{6}=\frac{3z-9}{12}\)
\(=\frac{x-1-2y+4+3z-9}{2-6+12}=\frac{x-2y+3z-6}{8}\)
\(=\frac{-10-6}{8}=\frac{-16}{8}=-2\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=-4\\y-2=-6\\z-3=-8\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=-4\\z=-5\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(x=-3\); \(y=-4\); \(z=-5\)
e) \(x\left(x+y+z\right)=-12\); \(y\left(y+z+x\right)=18\); \(z\left(z+x+y\right)=30\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(x+y+z\right)+y\left(y+z+x\right)+z\left(z+x+y\right)=-12+18+30\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2=36\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+y+z=-6\\x+y+z=6\end{cases}}\)
TH1: Nếu \(x+y+z=-6\)\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{-12}{-6}=2\); \(y=\frac{18}{-6}=-3\); \(z=\frac{30}{-6}=-5\)
TH2: Nếu \(x+y+z=6\)\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{-12}{6}=-2\); \(y=\frac{18}{6}=3\); \(z=\frac{30}{6}=5\)
Vậy các cặp giá trị \(\left(x;y;z\right)\)thỏa mãn là \(\left(2;-3;-5\right)\), \(\left(-2;3;5\right)\)
Câu 3:
\(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{5}{9}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{9}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{9}=\dfrac{x-y}{5-9}=\dfrac{-40}{-4}=10\)
\(\dfrac{x}{5}=10\Rightarrow x=5\\ \dfrac{y}{9}=10\Rightarrow y=90\)
Câu b:
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{5x-2y}{10-6}=\dfrac{28}{4}=7\)
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=7\Rightarrow x=14\\ \dfrac{y}{3}=7\Rightarrow y=21\)
Câu c:
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{z}{10}=\dfrac{x+y-1}{5+7-10}=\dfrac{20}{2}=10\)
\(\dfrac{x}{5}=10\Rightarrow x=50\\ \dfrac{y}{7}=10\Rightarrow y=70\\ \dfrac{z}{10}=10\Rightarrow z=100\)
Câu d:
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{5}=\dfrac{3x-2y+2z}{9-8+10}=\dfrac{121}{11}=11\)
\(\dfrac{x}{3}=11\Rightarrow x=3\\ \dfrac{y}{4}=11\Rightarrow y=44\\ \dfrac{z}{5}=11\Rightarrow z=55\)
Câu e:
\(\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{y}{2}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{8}=\dfrac{y}{6}\\\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{10}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{8}=\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{10} \)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{8}=\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{10}=\dfrac{x+y-z}{8+6-10}=\dfrac{20}{4}=5\)
\(\dfrac{x}{8}=5\Rightarrow x=40\\ \dfrac{y}{6}=5\Rightarrow y=30\\ \dfrac{z}{10}=5\Rightarrow z=50\)
3) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{9}=\dfrac{x-y}{5-9}=\dfrac{-40}{-4}=10\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=10.5=50\\y=10.9=90\end{matrix}\right.\)
4) \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{5x}{10}=\dfrac{2y}{6}=\dfrac{5x-2y}{10-6}=\dfrac{28}{4}=7\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=7.2=14\\y=7.3=21\end{matrix}\right.\)
5) \(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{z}{10}=\dfrac{x+y-z}{5+7-10}=\dfrac{20}{2}=10\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=10.5=50\\y=10.7=70\\z=10.10=100\end{matrix}\right.\)
6) \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{5}=\dfrac{3x}{9}=\dfrac{2y}{8}=\dfrac{2z}{10}=\dfrac{3x-2y+2z}{9-8+10}=\dfrac{121}{11}=11\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=11.3=33\\y=11.4=44\\z=11.5=55\end{matrix}\right.\)
7) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{12}=\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{10}=\dfrac{x+y-z}{12+6-10}=\dfrac{20}{8}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}.12=30\\y=\dfrac{5}{2}.6=15\\z=\dfrac{5}{2}.10=25\end{matrix}\right.\)
x2=y3=z4x2=y3=z4
\Leftrightarrow2x4=y3=z4=2x+y−z4+3−4=123=42x4=y3=z4=2x+y−z4+3−4=123=4
\Rightarrowx=8
y=12
z=16
bài 2
x2=y5=z7x2=y5=z7
\Rightarrow2y=5x ;x=2,5y ;zx=3,5zx=3,5 ;2y=5x;z=3,5x
\RightarrowA = x-y+z/x+2y-z=x-2,5x+3,5+5x-3,5x=3,5
d:
ĐKXĐ: y<>0; x<>0; y<>2
\(\dfrac{4}{x}+\dfrac{2}{y}=1\)
=>\(\dfrac{4y}{xy}+\dfrac{2x}{xy}=1\)
=>2x+4y=xy
=>x(2-y)=-4y
=>x(y-2)=4y
=>\(x=\dfrac{4y}{y-2}\)
mà x,y nguyên
nên \(4y⋮y-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4y-8+8⋮y-2\)
=>\(y-2\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4;8;-8\right\}\)
=>\(y\in\left\{3;1;4;6;-2;10;-6\right\}\)
=>\(x\in\left\{12;-4;8;6;2;5;3\right\}\)
e:
ĐKXĐ: x<>0; y<>0; y<>3
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
=>\(\dfrac{x+y}{xy}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
=>3x+3y=xy
=>x(3-y)=-3y
=>\(x=\dfrac{3y}{y-3}\)
mà x,y nguyên
nên \(3y⋮y-3\)
=>\(3y-9+9⋮y-3\)
=>\(y-3\in\left\{1;-1;3;-3;9;-9\right\}\)
=>\(y\in\left\{4;2;6;12;-6\right\}\)
=>\(x\in\left\{12;-6;6;4;2\right\}\)
a) ADTCDTSBN
có: \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{z}{4}=\frac{x+z}{2+4}=\frac{18}{6}=3.\)
=> x/2 = 3 => x = 6
y/3 = 3 => y = 9
z/4 = 3 => z = 12
KL:...
b,c làm tương tự nha
d) ta có: \(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{-6}=\frac{z}{7}=\frac{2x}{10}\)
ADTCDTSBN
có: \(\frac{2x}{10}=\frac{y}{-6}=\frac{z}{7}=\frac{2x+y-z}{10+\left(-6\right)-7}=\frac{49}{-3}\)
=>...
e) ADTCDTSBN
có: \(\frac{x+1}{2}=\frac{y+2}{3}=\frac{z+3}{4}=\frac{x+1+y+2+z+3}{2+3+4}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)+\left(1+2+3\right)}{9}\)
\(=\frac{21+6}{9}=\frac{27}{9}=3\)
=>...
g) ta có: \(\frac{x}{4}=\frac{y}{3}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=4k\\y=3k\end{cases}}\)
mà xy = 12 => 4k.3k = 12
12.k2 = 12
k2 = 1
=> k = 1 hoặc k = -1
=> x = 4.1 = 4
y = 3.1 = 3
x=4.(-1) = -4
y=3.(-1) = -3
KL:...
h) ta có: \(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{3}\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{25}=\frac{y^2}{9}\)
ADTCDTSBN
có: \(\frac{x^2}{25}=\frac{y^2}{9}=\frac{x^2-y^2}{25-9}=\frac{16}{16}=1\)
=>...
\(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3};\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{5}\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{8}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{15}\). Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\frac{x}{8}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{15}=\frac{x+y-z}{8+12-15}=\frac{10}{5}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x=16;y=24;z=30\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
x2=y3=y4=z5⇔x8=y12=z15=x+y−z8+12−15=105=2x2=y3=y4=z5⇔x8=y12=z15=x+y−z8+12−15=105=2
Vậy:
x = 2.8=16
y = 2.12 = 24
z = 2.15 = 30