Giải hệ
x^3+1=2(x^2-x+y)
y^3+1=2(y^2-y+x)
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e: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=1\\\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{x}-\dfrac{3}{y}=3\\\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{-7}{y}=-2\\\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{7}{2}\\\dfrac{1}{x}=1+\dfrac{2}{7}=\dfrac{9}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{7}{2}\\x=\dfrac{7}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(x-2\right)+3\left(1+y\right)=2\\3\left(x-2\right)-2\left(1+y\right)=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6\left(x-2\right)+9\left(1+y\right)=6\\6\left(x-2\right)-4\left(1+y\right)=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}13\left(1+y\right)=12\\2\left(x-2\right)+3\left(1+y\right)=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{21}{13}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{13}\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-5\right)\left(y-2\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(y-1\right)\\\left(x-4\right)\left(y+7\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(y+4\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy-2x-5y+10=xy-x+2y-2\\xy+7x-4y-28=xy+4x-3y-12\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x-7y=-12\\3x-y=16\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x-7y=-12\\21x-7y=112\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}22x=124\\3x-y=16\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{62}{11}\\y=\dfrac{10}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x+1+1}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{y-2}=6\\\dfrac{5}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{y-2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{y-2}=5\\\dfrac{5}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{y-2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x+1=1 và y-2=1/2
=>x=0 và y=5/2
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{4}{x-2y}=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{18}=\dfrac{9}{18}-\dfrac{1}{18}=\dfrac{8}{18}=\dfrac{4}{9}\\\dfrac{2}{2x-y}=\dfrac{1}{18}+\dfrac{1}{x-2y}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x-2y=9 và 2/2x-y=1/18+1/9=1/18+2/18=3/18=1/6
=>x-2y=9 và 2x-y=12
=>x=5; y=-2
c: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}10\left|x-6\right|+15\left|y+1\right|=25\\10\left|x-6\right|-8\left|y+1\right|=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}23\left|y+1\right|=23\\\left|x-6\right|=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>|x-6|=1 và |y+1|=1
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in\left\{7;5\right\}\\y\in\left\{0;-2\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài toán này có hai cách giải:
Cách 1: Thu gọn từng phương trình ta sẽ thu được phương trình bậc nhất hai ẩn x và y.
Cách 2: Đặt ẩn phụ.
Cách 1:
(hệ số của y bằng nhau nên ta trừ từng vế hai phương trình)
Vậy hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất
(Nhân hai vế pt 1 với 2; pt 2 với 3 để hệ số của y đối nhau)
(Hệ số của y đối nhau nên ta cộng từng vế của hai pt)
Vậy hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất (1; -1).
Cách 2:
a) Đặt x + y = u và x – y = v (*)
Khi đó hệ phương trình trở thành
Thay u = -7 và v = 6 vào (*) ta được hệ phương trình:
Vậy hệ phương trình có nghiệm
b) Đặt x – 2 = u và y + 1 = v.
Khi đó hệ phương trình trở thành :
+ u = -1 ⇒ x – 2 = -1 ⇒ x = 1.
+ v = 0 ⇒ y + 1 = 0 ⇒ y = -1.
Vậy hệ phương trình có nghiệm (1; -1).
a: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+4y=-11\\5x-4y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x=-10\\x+4y=-11\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-5}{3}\\y=\dfrac{-11-x}{4}=\dfrac{-11+\dfrac{5}{3}}{4}=-\dfrac{7}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=7\\3x+5y=-22\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x-3y=21\\6x+15y=-66\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-18y=78\\2x-y=7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{-13}{3}\\x=\dfrac{y+7}{2}=\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a:
ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{\dfrac{3}{2};1\right\}\)
\(y=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(2x-3\right)\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{x^2-4x+4}{2x^2-2x-3x+3}\)
=>\(y=\dfrac{x^2-4x+4}{2x^2-5x+3}\)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{\left(x^2-4x+4\right)'\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)'}{\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)^2}\)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{\left(2x-4\right)\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)-\left(2x-5\right)\left(x^2-4x+4\right)}{\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)^2}\)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{4x^3-10x^2+6x-8x^2+20x-12-2x^3+8x^2-8x+5x^2-20x+20}{\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)^2}\)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{2x^3-5x^2-2x+8}{\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)^2}\)
b:
ĐKXĐ: x<>-3
\(y=\left(x+3\right)+\dfrac{4}{x+3}\)
=>\(y'=\left(x+3+\dfrac{4}{x+3}\right)'=1+\left(\dfrac{4}{x+3}\right)'\)
\(=1+\dfrac{4'\left(x+3\right)-4\left(x+3\right)'}{\left(x+3\right)^2}\)
=>\(y'=1+\dfrac{-4}{\left(x+3\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)^2-4}{\left(x+3\right)^2}\)
y'=0
=>\(\left(x+3\right)^2-4=0\)
=>\(\left(x+3+2\right)\left(x+3-2\right)=0\)
=>(x+5)(x+1)=0
=>x=-5 hoặc x=-1
c:
ĐKXĐ: x<>-2
\(y=\dfrac{\left(5x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x+2}\)
=>\(y=\dfrac{5x^2+5x-x-1}{x+2}=\dfrac{5x^2+4x-1}{x+2}\)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{\left(5x^2+4x-1\right)'\left(x+2\right)-\left(5x^2+4x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)'}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{\left(5x+4\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(5x^2+4x-1\right)}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{5x^2+10x+4x+8-5x^2-4x+1}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{10x+9}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)
\(y'\left(-1\right)=\dfrac{10\cdot\left(-1\right)+9}{\left(-1+2\right)^2}=\dfrac{-1}{1}=-1\)
d:
ĐKXĐ: x<>2
\(y=x-2+\dfrac{9}{x-2}\)
=>\(y'=\left(x-2+\dfrac{9}{x-2}\right)'=1+\left(\dfrac{9}{x-2}\right)'\)
\(=1+\dfrac{9'\left(x-2\right)-9\left(x-2\right)'}{\left(x-2\right)^2}\)
=>\(y'=1+\dfrac{-9}{\left(x-2\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2-9}{\left(x-2\right)^2}\)
y'=0
=>\(\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2-9}{\left(x-2\right)^2}=0\)
=>\(\left(x-2\right)^2-9=0\)
=>(x-2-3)(x-2+3)=0
=>(x-5)(x+1)=0
=>x=5 hoặc x=-1
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5}{x-1}+\dfrac{1}{y-1}=10\\\dfrac{1}{x-1}-\dfrac{3}{y-1}=18\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5}{x-1}+\dfrac{1}{y-1}=10\\\dfrac{5}{x-1}-\dfrac{15}{y-1}=90\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{16}{y-1}=-80\\\dfrac{1}{x-1}-\dfrac{3}{y-1}=18\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-1=\dfrac{-1}{5}\\\dfrac{1}{x-1}=18+\dfrac{3}{y-1}=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{4}{5}\\x-1=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{4}{3}\\y=\dfrac{4}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}-2=-1\\\dfrac{4}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}-2=5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b-2=-1\\4a+3b-2=5\end{matrix}\right.\) (với \(\dfrac{1}{x}=a-\dfrac{1}{y}=b\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{10}{7}\\b=\dfrac{3}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{10}{7}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{7}{10}\\\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{3}{7}\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{7}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{5}{\left(x+y\right)}=2\\\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{17}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+5b=2\\3a+b=\dfrac{17}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\) (với \(\dfrac{1}{x}=a-\dfrac{1}{x+y}=b\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{1}{2}\\b=\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=2\\\dfrac{1}{x+y}=\dfrac{1}{5}\Rightarrow y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{x-1}+\dfrac{1}{y+1}=7\\\dfrac{5}{x-1}-\dfrac{2}{y+1}=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+b=7\\5a-2b=4\end{matrix}\right.\) (với \(\dfrac{1}{x-1}=a-\dfrac{1}{y+1}=b\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=3\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-1}=2\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\\\dfrac{1}{y+1}=3\Rightarrow y=-\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(d.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x-1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y-1}}=1\\\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y-1}}=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a-b=1\\a+b=2\end{matrix}\right.\) (với \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}}=a-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y-1}}=b\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}}=1\Rightarrow x=2\\\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y-1}}=1\Rightarrow y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)