Cho S = 5/22+5/32+5/42+...+5/1002. Chứng tỏ rằng 2<S<5
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a) \(S=1+2+2^2+..+2^{2022}\)
\(2S=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2023}\)
\(2S-S=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2023}-1-2-2^2-...-2^{2022}\)
\(S=2^{2023}-1\)
b) \(S=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2022}\)
\(3S=3^2+3^3+...+3^{2023}\)
\(3S-S=3^2+3^3+....+3^{2023}-3-3^2-...-3^{2022}\)
\(2S=3^{2023}-3\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\dfrac{3^{2023}-3}{2}\)
c) \(S=4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{2022}\)
\(4S=4^2+4^3+...+4^{2023}\)
\(4S-S=4^2+4^3+...+4^{2023}-4-4^2-...-4^{2022}\)
\(3S=4^{2023}-4\)
\(S=\dfrac{4^{2023}-4}{3}\)
d) \(S=5+5^2+...+5^{2022}\)
\(5S=5^2+5^3+...+5^{2023}\)
\(5S-S=5^2+5^3+...+5^{2023}-5-5^2-...-5^{2022}\)
\(4S=5^{2023}-5\)
\(S=\dfrac{5^{2023}-5}{4}\)
Bài 1:
\(2^{49}=\left(2^7\right)^7=128^7;5^{21}=\left(5^3\right)^7=125^7\\ Vì:128^7>125^7\Rightarrow2^{49}>5^{21}\)
Bài 2:
\(a,S=1+3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{99}\\ =\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+3^4.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^{96}.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\\ =40+3^4.40+...+3^{96}.40\\ =40.\left(1+3^4+...+3^{96}\right)⋮40\\ b,S=1+4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{62}\\ =\left(1+4+4^2\right)+4^3.\left(1+4+4^2\right)+...+4^{60}.\left(1+4+4^2\right)\\ =21+4^3.21+...+4^{60}.21\\ =21.\left(1+4^3+...+4^{60}\right)⋮21\)
Bài 1 :
\(2^{49}=\left(2^7\right)^7=128^7\)
\(5^{21}=\left(5^3\right)^7=125^7\)
mà \(125^7< 128^7\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{49}>5^{21}\)
Bài 2 :
a) \(S=1+3+3^2+3^3+...3^{99}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+3^4\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)...+3^{96}\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=40+40.3^4+...+40.3^{96}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=40\left(1+3^4+...+3^{96}\right)⋮40\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
b) \(S=1+4+4^2+4^3+...4^{62}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left(1+4+4^2\right)+4^3\left(1+4+4^2\right)+...4^{60}\left(1+4+4^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=21+4^3.21+...4^{60}.21\)
\(\Rightarrow S=21\left(1+4^3+...4^{60}\right)⋮21\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
a) P = 1 + 3 + 3² + ... + 3¹⁰¹
= (1 + 3 + 3²) + (3³ + 3⁴ + 3⁵) + ... + (3⁹⁹ + 3¹⁰⁰ + 3¹⁰¹)
= 13 + 3³.(1 + 3 + 3²) + ... + 3⁹⁹.(1 + 3 + 3²)
= 13 + 3³.13 + ... + 3⁹⁹.13
= 13.(1 + 3³ + ... + 3⁹⁹) ⋮ 13
Vậy P ⋮ 13
b) B = 1 + 2² + 2⁴ + ... + 2²⁰²⁰
= (1 + 2² + 2⁴) + (2⁶ + 2⁸ + 2¹⁰) + ... + (2²⁰¹⁶ + 2²⁰¹⁸ + 2²⁰²⁰)
= 21 + 2⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴) + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴)
= 21 + 2⁶.21 + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.21
= 21.(1 + 2⁶ + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶) ⋮ 21
Vậy B ⋮ 21
c) A = 2 + 2² + 2³ + ... + 2²⁰
= (2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + (2⁵ + 2⁶ + 2⁷ + 2⁸) + ... + (2¹⁷ + 2¹⁸ + 2¹⁹ + 2²⁰)
= 30 + 2⁴.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + ... + 2¹⁶.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴)
= 30 + 2⁴.30 + ... + 2¹⁶.30
= 30.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶)
= 5.6.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶) ⋮ 5
Vậy A ⋮ 5
d) A = 1 + 4 + 4² + ... + 4⁹⁸
= (1 + 4 + 4²) + (4³ + 4⁴ + 4⁵) + ... + (4⁹⁷ + 4⁹⁸ + 4⁹⁹)
= 21 + 4³.(1 + 4 + 4²) + ... + 4⁹⁷.(1 + 4 + 4²)
= 21 + 4³.21 + ... + 4⁹⁷.21
= 21.(1 + 4³ + ... + 4⁹⁷) ⋮ 21
Vậy A ⋮ 21
e) A = 11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + ... + 11 + 1
= (11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + 11⁶ + 11⁵) + (11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1)
= 11⁵.(11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1) + 16105
= 11⁵.16105 + 16105
= 16105.(11⁵ + 1)
= 5.3221.(11⁵ + 1) ⋮ 5
Vậy A ⋮ 5
\(S=5+5^2+5^3+5^4+...+5^{2022}\)
\(S=\left(5+5^2\right)+\left(5^3+5^4\right)+\left(5^5+5^6\right)+...+\left(5^{2021}+5^{2022}\right)\)
\(S=\left(5+5^2\right)+5^2\cdot\left(5+5^2\right)+5^4\cdot\left(5+5^2\right)+...+5^{2020}\cdot\left(5+5^2\right)\)
\(S=\left(5+5^2\right)\left(1+5^2+5^4+...+5^{2020}\right)\)
\(S=30\left(1+5^2+5^4+...+5^{2020}\right)\)
Vậy S chia hết cho 30
a)\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}<\dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^3}<\dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
\(...\)
\(\dfrac{1}{8^2}<\dfrac{1}{7.8}\)
Vậy ta có biểu thức:
\(B=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{8^2}<\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{7.8}\)
\(B= 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{8}\)
\(B<1-\dfrac{1}{8}=\dfrac{7}{8}<1\)
Vậy B < 1 (đpcm)
Giải:
a) Ta có:
1/22=1/2.2 < 1/1.2
1/32=1/3.3 < 1/2.3
1/42=1/4.4 < 1/3.4
1/52=1/5.5 < 1/4.5
1/62=1/6.6 < 1/5.6
1/72=1/7.7 < 1/6.7
1/82=1/8.8 <1/7.8
⇒B<1/1.2+1/2.3+1/3.4+1/4.5+1/5.6+1/6.7+1/7.8
B<1/1-1/2+1/2-1/3+1/3-1/4+1/4-1/5+1/5-1/6+1/6-1/7+1/7-1/8
B<1/1-1/8
B<7/8
mà 7/8<1
⇒B<7/8<1
⇒B<1
b)S=3/1.4+3/4.7+3/7.10+...+3/40.43+3/43.46
S=1/1-1/4+1/4-1/7+1/7-1/10+...+1/40-1/43+1/43-1/46
S=1/1-1/46
S=45/46
Vì 45/46<1 nên S<1
Vậy S<1
Chúc bạn học tốt!
\(S=\frac{5}{20}+\frac{5}{21}+\frac{5}{22}+...+\frac{5}{49}\)
\(S>5\left(\frac{1}{49}+\frac{1}{49}+...+\frac{1}{49}\right)\)(30 số hạng \(\frac{1}{49}\))
\(\Leftrightarrow S>5.\frac{30}{49}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S>\frac{150}{49}=3\frac{3}{49}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>3\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{3}{49}\)
Vậy \(3< S\) (1)
Ta lại có: \(S< 5.\left(\frac{1}{20}+\frac{1}{20}+...+\frac{1}{20}\right)\)(30 số hạng)
\(S< \frac{30}{20}.5=\frac{150}{20}=\frac{15}{2}=7\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 7< 8\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(S< 8\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có đpcm