1. Cho a,b >0; a+b ≤ 1
Tìm min \(N=ab+\dfrac{1}{ab}\)
2. Cho a,b,c >0 t/m: a+b+c ≥ 6
Tìm min \(P=5a+6b+7c+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{8}{b}+\dfrac{27}{c}\)
3. Cho a,b,c ∈ \(\left[-1;2\right]\) và \(a^2+b^2+c^2=6\)
\(CM:\) a+b+c ≥ 0
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\(\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{b}-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{c}-1\right)=\left(\dfrac{1-a}{a}\right)\left(\dfrac{1-b}{b}\right)\left(\dfrac{1-c}{c}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{b+c}{a}\right)\left(\dfrac{a+c}{b}\right)\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{2\sqrt{bc}}{a}.\dfrac{2\sqrt{ac}}{b}.\dfrac{2\sqrt{ab}}{c}=8\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô -si cho 3 số dương:
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc};\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
a/ Ta có \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\ge ab\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\)
\(\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)=ab+\left(a+b\right)+1=a+b+2\ge2+2=4\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=1\)
b/ Áp dụng BĐT \(ab\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\Rightarrow ab\le\dfrac{1}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{ab}\ge4\)
Lại áp dụng BĐT: \(x^2+y^2\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\) cho 2 số dương ta được:\(\left(a+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+4\right)^2=\dfrac{25}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}=9\)
=1+1/a+1/b+1/ab (1)
Áp dụng Cosy ta có 1/a+1/b>=4/(a+b)=4 (2)
(a+b)^2>=4ab nên ab<=(a+b)^2/4=1/4 hay 1/ab>=4 (3)
Từ (1)(2)(3) ta đc 1+1/a+1/b+1/ab>=1+4+4=9 (đpcm)
Ta có: \(\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)=\left(1+\frac{a+b}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{a+b}{b}\right)\) \(=\left(1+1+\frac{b}{a}\right)\left(1+1+\frac{a}{b}\right)\) \(=\left(2+\frac{b}{a}\right)\left(2+\frac{a}{b}\right)\) \(=4+2\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\frac{ab}{ab}\) \(=5+2\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)\)
. Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 2 số \(\frac{a}{b}\) và \(\frac{b}{a}\) , ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{ab}}=2\) . Suy ra \(2\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)\ge4\)
. Suy ra \(\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)\ge5+4=9\) (đpcm)
. Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)
Câu 1
\(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow ab\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow N=ab+\dfrac{1}{16ab}+\dfrac{15}{16ab}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{16}}+\dfrac{15}{4\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{15}{4}=\dfrac{17}{4}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Câu 2:
\(P=a+\dfrac{1}{a}+2b+\dfrac{8}{b}+3c+\dfrac{27}{c}+4\left(a+b+c\right)\\ P\ge2\sqrt{1}+2\sqrt{16}+2\sqrt{81}+4\cdot6=2+8+18+4=32\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=2\\c=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 3: Cho a,b,c là các số thuộc đoạn [ -1;2 ] thõa mãn \(a^2+b^2+c^2=6.\) CMR : \(a+b+c>0\) - Hoc24