WLOG \(a=max\left\{a,b,c\right\}\rightarrow90^o\le\widehat{A}< 180^o\rightarrow cosA\le0\)

Khi đó \(a^2=b^2+c^2-2bc\cdot cosA\ge b^2+c^2\)

\(LHS=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\)

\(=a^2\left(\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)+\frac{b^2+c^2}{a^2}+\left(b^2+c^2\right)\left(\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)+1\)

\(\ge\frac{4a^2}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{a^2}+5\)

\(=\frac{a^2}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{a^2}+5+\frac{3a^2}{b^2+c^2}\)

\(\ge2+5+3=10\)

"=" b=c và A=90 hay tam giác ABC vuông cân tại A

Hint: đặt \(\frac{1}{2x-y}=a;\frac{1}{x+y}=b\)

Nhận xét:Ghi nhớ tam giác Pascal cho bậc 4:\(1\rightarrow4\rightarrow6\rightarrow4\rightarrow1\)

cần cù bù thông minh :)

\(a^2+b^2+\left(a-b\right)^2=c^2+d^2+\left(c-d\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+a^2-2ab+b^2=c^2+d^2+c^2-2cd+d^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-ab+b^2=c^2-cd+d^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)^2=\left(c^2-cd+d^2\right)^2\) ( mạnh dạn bình phương )

\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+a^2b^2+b^4-2a^3b-2ab^3+2a^2b^2=c^4+c^2d^2+d^4-2c^3d-2cd^3+2c^2d^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+3a^2b^2+b^4-2a^3b-2ab^3=c^4+3c^2d^2+d^4-2c^3d-2cd^3\left(1\right)\)

Mặt khác:

\(a^4+b^4+\left(a-b\right)^4\)

\(=a^4+b^4+a^4-4a^3b+6a^2b^2-4ab^3+b^4\)

\(=2\left(a^4-2a^3b-2ab^3+3a^2b^2\right)\left(2\right)\)

Tương tự:

\(c^4+d^4+\left(c-d\right)^4=2\left(c^4-2c^3d-2cd^3+3c^2d^2\right)\left(3\right)\)

Từ ( 1 );( 2 );( 3 ) suy ra đpcm

\(ĐKXĐ:x,y,z\ge1\left(x,y,z\inℤ\right)\)

Ta có: \(\left(x+2y\right)^2=\left(\frac{2x+y}{2}+\frac{3y}{2}\right)^2\ge4.\frac{2x+y}{2}.\frac{3y}{2}=3y\left(2x+y\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x+y}{x+2y}\le\frac{x+2y}{3y}\Rightarrow\frac{2x+y}{x\left(x+2y\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)

Tương tự: \(\frac{2y+z}{y\left(y+2x\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\);\(\frac{2z+x}{z\left(z+2x\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{3}.3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)(*)

Ta có: \(\sqrt{2x-1}=\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right).1}\le\frac{2x-1+1}{2}=x\)(BĐT Cô - si)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}\)

Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{y}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y-1}}\);\(\frac{1}{z}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z-1}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z-1}}=3\)(**)

Từ (*) và (**) suy ra \(A=\frac{2x+y}{x\left(x+2y\right)}+\frac{2y+z}{y\left(y+2z\right)}+\frac{2z+x}{z\left(z+2x\right)}\le3\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1

Từ đẳng thức đã cho suy ra \(x>\frac{1}{2};y>\frac{1}{2};z>\frac{1}{2}\)

Áp dụng\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)ta có \(\left(x+2y\right)^2=\left(\frac{2x+y}{2}+\frac{3y}{2}\right)^2\ge4\cdot\frac{2x+y}{2}\cdot\frac{3y}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+2y\right)^2\ge3y\left(2x+y\right)\)(Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y)

=> \(\frac{2x+y}{x+2y}\le\frac{x+2y}{3y}\Rightarrow\frac{2x+y}{x\left(x+2y\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)

Tương tự \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{2y+z}{y\left(y+2z\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\\\frac{2z+x}{z\left(z+2x\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\end{cases}}\)

=> \(A\le\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)(Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z)

Ta có \(\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right)\cdot1}\le\frac{\left(2x-1\right)+1}{2}\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x-1}\le x\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}\)

Tương tự \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{y}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y-1}}\\\frac{1}{z}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z-1}}\end{cases}}\)

Do đó \(A\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z-1}}=3\)(dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z=1)

Vậy Max_A=3 đạt được khi x=y=z=1

\(P=\text{∑}\frac{a\left(\frac{1}{a}+1+c\right)}{\left(a^3+b^2+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+1+c\right)}\le\frac{\text{∑}\left(1+a+ac\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)

\(\le\frac{3+a+b+c+\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)

\(\le\frac{3+3+\frac{3^2}{3}}{3^2}=1\)

"=" khi a=b=c=1