FIRST AID BASICS

Knowing basic first aid can help in emergencies. Here's what you should do:

✔ (1) _______ calm and assess the situation before acting.

✔ If someone is bleeding, apply (2) _______ lean cloth to the wound.

✔ Make sure someone is nearby to (3) _______ for help if needed.

✔ (4) _______ any medical conditions to the emergency team when they arrive.

Good morning. Welcome to our Fun Science Program.

This week we have received (1) _______ questions about life on the moon. We have talked to some experts and these are what we have found out. There is no water or air on the moon. It is all silent (2) _______ there is no air. Of course, there will be no music, no sounds. (3) _______ and no lakes. At night, it is very cold. The temperature (4) _______ down to 151°C below zero. But during the day, it rises to 100°C above zero.

There are great round holes on the moon. They are called craters. There are more than 30,000 of them. There are also high mountains. The highest mountains on the moon are about 26,000 feet or 8,000 meters.

And here is something very (5) _______ for you to know: on the moon, you weigh one sixth of what you weigh on the earth. If you weigh 50 kilos on the moon, you will weigh only a little more than 8 kilos. You will be able to jump very high, even higher than any high jump Olympic champions. You can take very long steps as well.

And maybe you won't (6) _______ because one day on the moon lasts two weeks. So, is there life on the moon? I'll leave the question for you to answer yourselves in the group discussion.

1. One of the greatest security threats in the online world is computer hacking. Hackers are people who illegally enter systems. They may alter or delete information, steal private information, or spread viruses that can damage or destroy files. But how exactly can a hacker get into a system to do these things?

2. Most hackers use information called protocols that are built into computer software. These protocols allow computers to interact with one another. Protocols are sort of like computer police officers. When a computer connects to another system, the protocols check to see if the access is valid. The protocols can also determine how much information can be shared between the two systems. Hackers can manipulate the protocols to get unlimited access to a computer system.

3. In fact, just the act of entering a computer network is commonly considered passive hacking. Passive hackers get a rush from just being able to access a challenging system like a bank or military network. Another kind of hacker tries to do damage to a system. After hacking into systems, these hackers release viruses or alter, delete, or take information. Known as active hackers, they are the more dangerous of the two.

4. The easiest way to protect a system is with a good password. Long and unusual passwords are harder for hackers to guess. For even greater security, some online services now use “password-plus” systems. In this case, users first put in a password and then put in a second code that changes after the user accesses the site. Users either have special cards or devices that show them new code to use the next time. Even if a hacker steals the password, they won't have the code. Or if the hacker somehow gets the code, they still don't know the password.