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a) \(\left(3x-5\right)\left(2x+3\right)-\left(2x-3\right)\left(3x+7\right)-2x\left(x-4\right)\)
\(=\left(6x^2-x-15\right)-\left(6x^2+5x-21\right)-\left(2x^2-8x\right)\)
\(=6x^2-x-15-6x^2-5x+21-2x^2+8x\)
\(=-2x^2+2x+6\)
\(=-2\left(x^2-x-3\right)\)
b) \(\left(x^2+2\right)^2-\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+2\right)^2-\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x^2+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+2\right)^2-\left(x^4-16\right)\)
\(=\left(x^4+4x^2+4\right)-\left(x^4-16\right)\)
\(=x^4+4x^2+4-x^4+16\)
\(=4x^2+20\)
\(=4\left(x^2+5\right)\)
c) \(\left(2x-y\right)^2-2\left(x+3y\right)^2-\left(1+3x\right)\left(3x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)-2\left(x^2+6xy+9y^2\right)-\left(9x^2-1\right)\)
\(=4x^2-4xy+y^2-2x^2-16xy-18y^2-9x^2+1\)
\(=-7x^2-20xy-17y^2+1\)
d) \(\left(x^2-1\right)^3-\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^6-3x^4+3x^2-1\right)-\left(x^6-1\right)\)
\(=x^6-3x^4+3x^2-1-x^6+1\)
\(=-3x^4+3x^2\)
\(=-3x^2\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=-3x^2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
e) \(\left(2x-1\right)^2-2\left(4x^2-1\right)+\left(2x+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2-2\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)+\left(2x+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left[\left(2x-1\right)-\left(2x+1\right)\right]^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1-2x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(-2\right)^2=4\)
g) \(\left(x-y+z\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2-2\left(x-y+z\right)\left(z-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y+z\right)^2+2\left(x-y+z\right)\left(y-z\right)+\left(y-z\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y+z+y+z\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+2z\right)^2\)
h) \(\left(2x+3\right)^2+\left(2x+5\right)^2-\left(4x+6\right)\left(2x+5\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+3\right)^2-2\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x+5\right)+\left(2x+5\right)^2\)
\(=\left[\left(2x+3\right)-\left(2x+5\right)\right]^2\)
\(=\left(2x+3-2x-5\right)^2\)
\(=\left(-2\right)^2=4\)
i) \(5x^2-\dfrac{10x^3+15x^2-5x}{-5x}-3\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=5x^2-\dfrac{-5x\left(-2x^2-3x+1\right)}{-5x}-3\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=5x^2-\left(-2x^2-3x+1\right)-3\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=5x^2+2x^2+3x-1-3x-3\)
\(=7x^2-4\)
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e, (x-1)(x2 + x + 1)-x(x+2)(x-2) = 5
x(x2 +x + 1 ) - (x2 + x +1 )- [ x (x2 - 4)] = 5
x3 +x2 +x - x2 - x - 1 - x3 +4x = 5
4x - 1 = 5
4x = 6
x =\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)
f, (x-1)3 - (x+3)(x2 - 3x +9 ) +3(x2 - 4) = 2
x - 3x2 +3x - 1 - [( x3 - 3x2 + 9x) + (3x2 - 9x +27)] = 2
x3 - 3x2 + 3x - 1 -x3 +3x2 -9x - 3x2 +9x - 27 +3x2 - 12 = 2
3x - 1 - 27 - 12 = 2
3x = 42
x = 14
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a)
\(25x^2-9(x+y)^2=(5x)^2-(3x+3y)^2\)
\(=(5x-3x-3y)(5x+3x+3y)=(2x-3y)(8x+3y)\)
b)
\(x^2-x-2=x^2+x-2x-2=x(x+1)-2(x+1)=(x-2)(x+1)\)
c)
\(3x^2-11x+6=3x^2-9x-2x+6\)
\(=3x(x-3)-2(x-3)=(x-3)(3x-2)\)
d)
\(x^2+5x+8\): biểu thức không phân tích được thành nhân tử
e)
\(x^2+8x+7=x^2+x+7x+7\)
\(=x(x+1)+7(x+1)=(x+1)(x+7)\)
g)
\(x^2-6x-16=x^2-6x+9-25\)
\(=(x-3)^2-5^2=(x-3-5)(x-2+5)=(x-8)(x+2)\)
h)
\(4x^2-8x+3=4(x^2-2x+1)-1\)
\(=4(x-1)^2-1=(2x-2)^2-1^2=(2x-2-1)(2x-2+1)\)
\(=(2x-3)(2x-1)\)
i)
\(3x^2-11x+6=3x^2-9x-2x+6\)
\(=3x(x-3)-2(x-3)=(3x-2)(x-3)\)
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a, 3x - 3y = 3( x- y )
b, x2 - x =x(x - 1)
c, 3(x - y) - 5x(y - x)
= 3(x - y) + 5x(x - y)
= ( x - y)(3 + 5x)
d, x(y - 1) - y(y - 1)
= (x - y)(y - 1)
e, 10x(x - y)-8y( y - x)
= 10x(x - y) + 8y(x - y)
= (10y + 8x)(x - y)
f, 2x2 +5x3 +xy
= x(2x + 5x2 + y)
g, 14x2y - 21xy2 +28x2y2
= 7xy(2x - 3y + 4xy)
h, x2 - 3x + 2
= x2 - x - 2x + 2
= x(x - 1)- 2(x - 1)
= (x - 2)(x - 1)
i, x2 - x - 6
x2 + 2x - 3x - 6
x(x + 2) - 3(x + 2)
(x + 2)(x - 3)
k, x2 + 5x+6
= x2 - x + 6x + 6
=x(x - 1) + 6(x + 1)
= x(x - 1) - 6(x - 1)
= (x - 6)(x - 1)
l,x2 - 4x + 3
= x2 - x - 3x + 3
= x(x - 1) - 3(x - 1)
= (x - 3)(x - 1)
m, x2 + 5x +4
= x2 + x + 4x + 4
= x(x + 1) + 4(x + 1)
= (x + 4)(x + 1)
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A=\(x^3-2x^2+x\)
=x.(x2-2x+1)
=x(x-1)2
B=\(2x^2+4x+2-2y^2\)
=\(2\left(x^2+2x+1-y^2\right)\)
=\(2.\left[\left(x+1\right)^1-y^2\right]\)
=\(2\left(x+1-y\right)\left(x+1+y\right)\)
C=\(2xy-x^2-y^2+16\)
=\(-\left(-2xy+x^2+y^2-16\right)\)
=\(-\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4^2\right]\)
=-(x-y-4)(x-y+4)
D=\(x^3+2x^2y+xy^2-9x\)
=\(x\left(x^2+2xy-y^2-9\right)\)
=\(x.\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-3^2\right]\)
=x.(x-y-3)(x-y+3)
E=\(2x-2y-x^2+2xy-y^2\)
\(=\left(2x-2y\right)-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)
=\(2\left(x-y\right)-\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
=(x-y)(2x-2y-x+y)
=(x-y)(x+y)
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Vy Lê: bạn ơi hướng làm của bài là khai triển biểu thức đơn giản và phát hiện 1 số biểu thức có liên quan đến hằng đẳng thức thôi nên mình nghĩ mình làm như vậy cũng có ngắn lắm đâu nhỉ? Ví dụ như câu c chả hạn. $(2x+3)(4x^2-6x+9)=(2x)^3+3^3$ là hằng đẳng thức đáng nhớ rồi nên mình áp dụng luôn. $2(4x^3-3)=8x^3-6$ theo khai triển thông thường.
Lời giải:
a)
$(-x-3)^3+(x+9)(x^2+27)$
$=(x+9)(x^2+27)-(x+3)^3$
$=x^3+27x+9x^2+243-(x^3+9x^2+27x+27)$
$=216$
b)
$(x+2)^3-x(x^2+6x-5)-8$
$=x^3+6x^2+12x+8-x^3-6x^2+5x-8$
$=17x$
c)
$(2x+3)(4x^2-6x+9)-2(4x^3-3)$
$=(2x)^3+3^3-2(4x^3-3)=8x^3+27-8x^3+6=33$
x^2 - 4x = 0
x^2 - 4x + 4 - 4 = 0
( x - 2 )^2 - 4 = 0
( x - 2 )^2 = 4
x - 2 = [+4; -4]
Xét x - 2 = 4
x = 6
Xét x - 2 = -4
x = -2
Vậy x thuộc 6 ; -2
x^2-4x=0
x(x-4)=0
suy ra x=0 hoặc x-4=0
x=0 hoặc x=4