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\(P=\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{1}{x+1}\right).\frac{x+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)ĐK x>=0 x khác -1
=\(\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{x+1}.\frac{x+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
b/ x =\(\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{2}=\frac{4+2\sqrt{3}}{4}=\frac{3+2\sqrt{3}+1}{4}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2}\)
Em thay vào tính nhé!
c) với x>1
A=\(\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}.\sqrt{x}=\frac{x+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\sqrt{x}+2+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\sqrt{x}-1+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}+3\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cosi
A\(\ge2\sqrt{2}+3\)
Xét dấu bằng xảy ra ....
A)
Đặt \(\sqrt{1+2x}=a; \sqrt{1-2x}=b\) (\(a,b>0\) )
\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a^2+b^2=2\\ a^2-b^2=4x=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} 2a^2=2+\sqrt{3}\rightarrow 4a^2=4+2\sqrt{3}=(\sqrt{3}+1)^2\\ 2b^2=2-\sqrt{3}\rightarrow 4b^2=4-2\sqrt{3}=(\sqrt{3}-1)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a=\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2}; b=\frac{\sqrt{3}-1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow ab=\frac{(\sqrt{3}+1)(\sqrt{3}-1)}{4}=\frac{1}{2}; a-b=1\)
Có:
\(A=\frac{a^2}{1+a}+\frac{b^2}{1-b}=\frac{a^2-a^2b+b^2+ab^2}{(1+a)(1-b)}\)
\(=\frac{2-ab(a-b)}{1+(a-b)-ab}=\frac{2-\frac{1}{2}.1}{1+1-\frac{1}{2}}=1\)
B)
\(2x=\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}\)
\(\Rightarrow 4x^2=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+2\)
\(\rightarrow 4(x^2-1)=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2=\left(\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{4(x^2-1)}=\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}\) do $a>b$
T có: \(B=\frac{b\sqrt{4(x^2-1)}}{x-\sqrt{x^2-1}}=\frac{2b\sqrt{4(x^2-1)}}{2x-\sqrt{4(x^2-1)}}=\frac{2b\left ( \sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}} \right )}{\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}-\left ( \sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}} \right )}\)
\(=\frac{2b\left ( \sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}} \right )}{2\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}}=\frac{b\left ( \sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}} \right )}{\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}}=\frac{\frac{b(a-b)}{\sqrt{ab}}}{\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}}=a-b\)
Ta có \(ab+bc+ca=2abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=2\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{a}\\y=\dfrac{1}{b}\\z=\dfrac{1}{c}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=2\\P=\dfrac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\dfrac{y^3}{\left(2-y\right)^3}+\dfrac{z^3}{\left(2-z\right)^2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\dfrac{2-x}{8}+\dfrac{2-x}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^3}{64}}=\dfrac{3x}{4}\)
Tượng tự ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{y^3}{\left(2-y\right)^2}+\dfrac{2-y}{8}+\dfrac{2-y}{8}\ge\dfrac{3y}{4}\\\dfrac{z^3}{\left(2-z\right)^2}+\dfrac{2-z}{8}+\dfrac{2-z}{8}\ge\dfrac{3z}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow P+\dfrac{12-2\left(x+y+z\right)}{8}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Ta có : \(ab+bc+ca=2abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=2\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{a}\\y=\frac{1}{b}\\z=\frac{1}{c}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=2\\P=\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\frac{y^3}{\left(2-y\right)^3}+\frac{z^3}{\left(2-z\right)^2}\end{cases}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\frac{2-x}{8}+\frac{2-x}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{x^3}{64}}=\frac{3x}{4}\)
Tương tự ta có :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{y^3}{\left(2-y\right)^2}+\frac{2-y}{8}+\frac{2-y}{8}\ge\frac{3y}{4}\\\frac{z^3}{\left(2-z\right)^2}+\frac{2-z}{8}+\frac{2-z}{8}\ge\frac{3z}{8}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P+\frac{12-2\left(x+y+z\right)}{8}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{1}{12}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{2}{3}\)
Ta có : \(ab+bc+ca=2abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=2\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{a}\\y=\frac{1}{b}\\z=\frac{1}{c}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=2\\P=\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\frac{y^3}{\left(2-y\right)^3}+\frac{z^3}{\left(2-z^2\right)}\end{cases}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\frac{2-x}{8}+\frac{2-x}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{x^3}{64}}=\frac{3x}{4}\)
Tương tự ta có : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{y^3}{\left(2-y\right)^2}+\frac{2-y}{8}+\frac{2-y}{8}\ge\frac{3y}{4}\\\frac{z^3}{\left(2-z\right)^2}+\frac{2-z}{8}+\frac{2-z}{8}\ge\frac{3z}{8}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P+\frac{12-2\left(x+y+z\right)}{8}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{2}{3}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{\left(1-a\right)^2}+\dfrac{1-a}{8}+\dfrac{1-a}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^3}{64}}=\dfrac{3a}{4}\)
Tương tự ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^3}{\left(1-b\right)^2}+\dfrac{1-b}{8}+\dfrac{1-b}{8}\ge\dfrac{3b}{4}\\\dfrac{c^3}{\left(1-c\right)^2}+\dfrac{1-c}{8}+\dfrac{1-c}{8}\ge\dfrac{3c}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow P+\dfrac{6-2\left(a+b+c\right)}{8}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Vậy \(P_{min}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Ta có : \(ab+bc+ca=2abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=2\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{a}\\y=\frac{1}{b}\\z=\frac{1}{c}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=2\\P=\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}\end{cases}+\frac{y^3}{\left(2-y\right)^3}+\frac{z^3}{\left(2-z\right)^2}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\frac{2-x}{8}+\frac{2-x}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{x^3}{64}}=\frac{3x}{4}\)
Tương tự ta có : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{y^3}{\left(2-y\right)^2}+\frac{2-y}{8}+\frac{2-y}{8}\ge\frac{3y}{4}\\\frac{z^3}{\left(2-z\right)^2}+\frac{2-z}{8}+\frac{2-z}{8}\ge\frac{3z}{8}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P+\frac{12-2\left(x+y+z\right)}{8}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{2}{3}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si ta có
\(\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}\) + \(\dfrac{5\left(a^2+1\right)}{2a}\) \(\ge\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{2}}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> 2a2 = ( a2 +1 )2
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}a^2+1=2a\\a^2+1=-2a\end{matrix}\right.\)
<=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}a^2-2a+1=0\\a^2+2a+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
<=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-1\right)^2=0\\\left(a+1\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) => (a - 1)2 = 0 (vì a + 1 >0)
=> a = 1
Vậy Pmin = \(\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{2}}\) <=>a = 1
P = \(\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}\) + \(\dfrac{a^2+1}{4a}\) + \(\dfrac{9\left(a^2+1\right)}{4a}\)
Cô-si 2 con đầu ra a = 1
thay a = 1 => P = \(\dfrac{11}{2}\)