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Có: \(\dfrac{a+1}{1+b^2}=\dfrac{\left(1+b^2\right).\left(a+1\right)-b^2\left(a+1\right)}{1+b^2}=a+1-\dfrac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{1+b^2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 2 số dương 1 và b2 ta được
\(1+b^2\ge2b\Rightarrow-\dfrac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{1+b^2}\ge-\dfrac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{2b}=-\dfrac{ab+b}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+1}{1+b^2}\ge a+1-\dfrac{ab+b}{2}\)
CMTT\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{b+1}{1+c^2}\ge b+1-\dfrac{bc+c}{2};\dfrac{c+1}{1+a^2}\ge c+1-\dfrac{ac+a}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\left(a+b+c\right)+3-\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ac\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}\)
Ta có \(ab+bc+ca\le\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+ac+bc\le\dfrac{1}{3}.3^2=3\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge3+3-\dfrac{3+3}{2}=3\)(đpcm)
Chả biết đúng hay sai,làm đại.:v
Dự đoán dấu "=" xảy ra tại a = b = c = 1
Với dự đoán đó,
Xét \(\dfrac{a+1}{1+b^2}=2-\dfrac{a+1}{1+b^2}\ge2-\dfrac{a+1}{2b}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b+1}{1+c^2}\ge2-\dfrac{b+1}{2c};\dfrac{c+1}{1+a^2}\ge2-\dfrac{c+1}{2a}\)
Cộng theo vế 3BĐT,ta có: \(VT\ge2+2+2-\dfrac{a+1}{2b}+\dfrac{b+1}{2c}+\dfrac{c+1}{2a}\)
\(=6-\dfrac{a+1}{2b}+\dfrac{b+1}{2c}+\dfrac{c+1}{2a}\)
\(\ge6-\dfrac{2b}{2b}+\dfrac{2c}{2c}+\dfrac{2a}{2a}=3^{\left(đpcm\right)}\) (do dự đoán a = b = c = 1 nên \(a+1\le2b\))
Vậy điều ta dự đoán là đúng.
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
\(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+2}+\frac{1}{c^2+b^2+2}+\frac{1}{a^2+c^2+2}\le\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2+b^2}{a^2+b^2+2}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2+2}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{c^2+a^2+2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(VT\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2}\right)^2}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+6}\)
\(\ge\frac{\sqrt{3\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)}+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(\ge\frac{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Cần chứng minh \(\frac{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge0\) *luôn đúng*
Đặt: \(L=\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+ac+a^2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM:
\(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}\ge\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}+b^2}=\dfrac{a^3}{\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)
Chứng minh tương tự: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}\ge\dfrac{b^3}{\dfrac{3}{2}\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\\\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+ac+a^2}\ge\dfrac{c^3}{\dfrac{3}{2}\left(c^2+a^2\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng theo vế: \(L\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+a^2}\right)\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng AM-GM:
\(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+b^2}=\dfrac{a\left(a^2+b^2\right)-ab^2}{a^2+b^2}=a-\dfrac{ab^2}{a^2+b^2}\ge a-\dfrac{ab^2}{2ab}=a-\dfrac{b}{2}\)
Chứng minh tương tự: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+c^2}\ge b-\dfrac{c}{2}\\\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+a^2}\ge c-\dfrac{a}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(L\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+a^2}\right)\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\left(a+b+c-\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\right)=\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}\)
Lời giải ở đây: https://hoc24.vn/hoi-dap/question/486195.html
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^3(b+c)}+\frac{a(b+c)}{4}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^3(b+c)}.\frac{a(b+c)}{4}}=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4a^2}}=\frac{1}{a}=\frac{abc}{a}=bc\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{b^3(c+a)}+\frac{b(c+a)}{4}\geq \frac{1}{b}=ac\)
\(\frac{1}{c^3(a+b)}+\frac{c(a+b)}{4}\geq \frac{1}{c}=ab\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}+\frac{ab+bc+ac}{2}\geq ab+bc+ac\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{ab+bc+ac}{2}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng AM-GM: \(ab+bc+ac\geq 3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\ge \frac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$
Lời giải:
Đặt vế trái là $A$
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)(a+b+b+c+c+c)\geq (1+1+1+1+1+1)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\geq \frac{36}{a+2b+3c}\)
Hoàn toàn TT:
\(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{c}+\frac{3}{a}\geq \frac{36}{b+2c+3a}\)
\(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{2}{a}+\frac{3}{b}\geq \frac{36}{c+2a+3b}\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow 6\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\geq 36A\)
\(\Rightarrow A\leq \frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Theo đkđb: \(ab+bc+ac=abc\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\)
Do đó: \(A\leq \frac{1}{6}< \frac{3}{16}\) (đpcm)
Cho các số thực dương a, b, c. CMR:
\(\dfrac{b+c+5}{a+1}+\dfrac{a+c+4}{b+2}+\dfrac{a+b+3}{c+3}\ge6\)
Lời giải:
Đặt biểu thức vế trái là $A$
Ta có:
\(A+3=\frac{b+c+5}{a+1}+1+\frac{a+c+4}{b+2}+1+\frac{a+b+3}{c+3}+1\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c+6}{a+1}+\frac{a+b+c+6}{b+2}+\frac{a+b+c+6}{c+3}\)
\(=(a+b+c+6)\left(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+3}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz hay (Svac-sơ) ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+3}\geq \frac{9}{a+1+b+2+c+3}=\frac{9}{a+b+c+6}\)
\(\Rightarrow A+3\geq (a+b+c+6).\frac{9}{a+b+c+6}=9\Rightarrow A\geq 6\) (đpcm)
ta có:\(A=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{2009}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{4}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{2007}{ab+bc+ca}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy-schwarz:
\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{4}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+2\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{9}{9}=1\)
mà \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca\le3\)
do đó \(A\ge1+\dfrac{2007}{3}=670\)
dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=c=1(làm tắt)
áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz dạng phân thức
\(\Rightarrow VT=\dfrac{a^4}{ab}+\dfrac{b^4}{bc}+\dfrac{c^4}{ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}\)
Cần chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
áp dụng bđt Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2\ge2ab\\b^2+c^2\ge2bc\\c^2+a^2\ge2ca\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\) ( đpcm )
Vậy \(\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)( đpcm )
\(\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}=\dfrac{a^4}{ab}+\dfrac{b^4}{bc}+\dfrac{c^4}{ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)