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Ta có: \(\left(a^4-a^3+2\right)-\left(a+1\right)=\left(a-1\right)^2\left(a^2+a+1\right)\ge0\)\(\Rightarrow a^4-a^3+2\ge a+1\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3+ab+2\ge ab+a+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}\)
Tương tự:\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}\); \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\)\(\le\sqrt{3\left(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\right)}\)\(\le\sqrt{3\left(\frac{c}{abc+ac+c}+\frac{ac}{abc^2+abc+ac}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\right)}\)\(\le\sqrt{3\left(\frac{c}{ac+c+1}+\frac{ac}{ac+c+1}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\right)}=\sqrt{3}\)(abc = 1)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
Áp dụng bđt cô si ta có : \(a^2+bc\ge2\sqrt{a^2bc}=2a\sqrt{bc}\)\(< =>\frac{a}{a^2+bc}\le\frac{1}{2\sqrt{bc}}\)
Tương tự và cộng theo vế ta được \(LHS\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca}}\right)\)
Ta sẽ chứng minh bđt phụ sau\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Ta thấy \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{xy}}< =>\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}\)
Áp dụng bđt phụ trên ta có \(\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca}}\right)\le\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{\frac{1}{2}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{abc}\le\frac{\frac{1}{2}abc}{abc}=\frac{1}{2}\)(đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(< =>a=b=c=3\)
bài này quan trọng là tìm đc cái bđt phụ đó thôi bạn
Áp dụng BĐT\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\)
Ta Có \(\frac{a}{a^2+bc}\le\frac{a}{4}.\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{bc}\right)\) và \(a^2+b^2+c^2\le abc\)
\(=>\frac{a}{a^2+bc}\le\frac{1}{4}.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\right)\)
Tương tự các cái khác ta có
\(\frac{a}{a^2+bc}+\frac{b}{b^2+ac}+\frac{c}{c^2+ab}\le\frac{1}{4}.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+1\right)\)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}\le\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{abc}\le1\)
\(\frac{a}{a^2+bc}+\frac{b}{b^2+ac}+\frac{c}{c^2+ab}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(dpcm\right)\)Dấu = xảy ra <=> a=b=c=3 "_"
Học tốt
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{1-ab}=1+\frac{ab}{1-ab}\le1+\frac{ab}{1-\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}}\)
\(=1+\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2+2c^2}\le1+\frac{ab}{\sqrt{\left(c^2+a^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}\)
\(\le1+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a^2}{c^2+a^2}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+c^2}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{1-bc}\le1+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+a^2}\right)\left(2\right)\\\frac{1}{1-ca}\le1+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{c^2}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{a^2}{c^2+a^2}\right)\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Từ (1), (2), (3)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{1-ab}+\frac{1}{1-bc}+\frac{1}{1-ca}\le3+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{a^2}{c^2+a^2}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+a^2}+\frac{c^2}{b^2+c^2}\right)\)
\(=3+\frac{1}{2}\left(1+1+1\right)=\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\frac{a}{1+b^2}=\frac{a\left(1+b^2\right)-ab^2}{1+b^2}=a-\frac{ab^2}{1+b^2}\ge a-\frac{ab^2}{2b}=a-\frac{ab}{2}\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{b}{1+c^2}\ge b-\frac{bc}{2};\frac{c}{1+a^2}\ge c-\frac{ca}{2}\)
Cộng lại:
\(\frac{a}{1+b^2}+\frac{b}{1+c^2}+\frac{c}{1+a^2}\ge a+b+c-\frac{ab}{2}-\frac{bc}{2}-\frac{ca}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge a+b+c\)
Mặt khác:
\(\frac{9}{a+b+c}\le\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\le3\Rightarrow9\le3\left(a+b+c\right)\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge3\)
Khi đó:
\(VT\ge a+b+c\ge3\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(a=b=c=1\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz :
\(\frac{a}{1+\frac{b}{a}}+\frac{b}{1+\frac{c}{b}}+\frac{c}{1+\frac{a}{c}}=\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)(1)
Áp dụng BĐT quen thuộc \(x+y+z\ge\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\) :
\(\frac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2}=\frac{2}{2}=1\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
Ta có:\(a^5+ab+b^2\ge3a^2b\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(VT\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{3ab\left(a+2c\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3bc\left(b+2a\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3ca\left(c+2b\right)}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\left(\sqrt{\frac{c}{c+2a}}+\sqrt{\frac{a}{b+2a}}+\sqrt{\frac{b}{2b+c}}\right)\)
Ta cũng có:\(a+2c=a+c+c\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{c}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{\sqrt{c}}{\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{c}}+\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{b}+2\sqrt{a}}+\frac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{c}+2\sqrt{b}}\)
Đặt \(x=\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{c}};y=\frac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}};z=\frac{\sqrt{c}}{\sqrt{b}};xyz=1\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{x+2}+\frac{1}{y+2}+\frac{1}{z+2}\)
Giả sử \(xy\le1\) thì \(z\ge1\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{x+2}+\frac{1}{y+2}+\frac{1}{z+2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{x}{2}+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{y}{2}+1}\right)+\frac{1}{z+2}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{1\frac{\sqrt{xy}}{2}}+\frac{1}{z+2}\le1\)(Đpcm)
Dấu = khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Ta có: \(a^2=b^2+bc;b^2=c^2+ac\Rightarrow a^2=c^2+ac+bc=c\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{a^2}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{b+c}{a^2}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{b+c}{b\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\)
* Note: Bài này có thể biến đổi thành một bài hình hay như sau:
Cho tam giác ABC có BC = a, CA = b, AB = c, \(\widehat{A}=2\widehat{B},\widehat{B}=2\widehat{C}\). Chứng minh rằng\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{c}\)