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1) \(4x^2-12x+y^2-4y+13\)
\(=\left(4x^2-12x+9\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(2x\right)^2-2.2x.3+3^2\right]+\left(y^2-2.2y+4\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-3\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\)
2) \(x^2+y^2+2y-6x+10\)
\(=\left(x^2+2y+1\right)+\left(y^2-6x+9\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2\)
3) \(4x^2+9y^2-4x+6y+2\)
\(=\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)+\left(9y^2+6y+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(3y+1\right)^2\)
4) \(y^2+2y+5-12x+9x^2\)
\(\left(y^2+2y+1\right)+\left(9x^2-12x+4\right)\)
\(=\left(y+1\right)^2+\left(3x-2\right)^2\)
5) \(x^2+26+6y+9y^2-10x\)
\(=\left(x^2-10x+25\right)+\left(9y^2+6y+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)^2+\left(3y+1\right)^2\)
Câu 1:
a: \(C=a^2+b^2=\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab=23^2-2\cdot132=265\)
b: \(D=x^3+y^3+3xy\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+3xy\)
\(=1-3xy+3xy=1\)
a) = x^2 - 2x + 1 + 4y^2 + 4y + 1
= ( x - 1 )^2 + ( 2y + 1 )^2
b) = 4x^2 + 4x +1 + 4y^2 + 4y + 1
= ( 2x + 1 )^2 + ( 2y + 1 )^2
c) = 9x^2 - 12x + 4 + 16y^2 - 24y + 9
=( 3x - 2 )^2 + ( 4y - 3 )^2
d) = 4x^2 + 4xy+ y^2 + x^2 - 2xz + z^2
= ( 2x + y )^2 + ( x - z )^2
mk gợi ý, phần còn lại tự làm
a) \(A=x^2+2x+5=\left(x+1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
b) \(B=4x^2+4x+11=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
c) \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+6\right)=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
d) \(D=x^2-2x+y^2-4y+7=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\ge2\)
e) \(E=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
a) A = x2 + 2x + 5
= x2 + 2x + 1 + 4
= ( x + 1 )2 + 4
Nhận xét :
( x + 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( x + 1 )2 + 4 > 4
=> A > 4
=> A min = 4
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( x + 1 )2 = 0
=> x + 1 = 0
=> x = - 1
Vậy A min = 4 khi x = - 1
b) B = 4x2 + 4x + 11
= ( 2x )2 + 4x + 1 + 10
= ( 2x + 1 )2 + 10
Nhận xét :
( 2x + 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( 2x + 1 )2 + 10 > 10
=> B > 10
=> B min = 10
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( 2x + 1 )2 = 0
=> 2x + 1 = 0
=> x = \(\frac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy Bmin = 10 khi x = \(\frac{-1}{2}\)
c) C = ( x - 1 ) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ( x + 6 )
= [ ( x - 1 ) ( x + 6 ) ] [ ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ]
= ( x2 + 5x - 6 ) ( x2 + 5x + 6 )
= ( x2 + 5x ) 2 - 62
= ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36
Nhận xét :
( x2 + 5x )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36 > - 36
=> C > - 36
=> C min = - 36
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( x2 + 5x )2 = 0
=> x2 + 5x = 0
=> x ( x + 5 ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x+5=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-5\end{cases}}\)
Vậy C min = - 36 khi x = 0 hoặc x = - 5
d) D = x2 - 2x + y2 - 4y + 7
= ( x2 - 2x + 1 ) + ( y2 - 4x + 4 ) + 2
= ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 2
Nhận xét :
( x - 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
( y - 2 )2 > 0 với mọi y
=> ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 > 0
=> ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 2 > 2
=> D > 2
=> D min = 2
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy D min = 2 khi x = 1 và y = 2
Bài làm:
a) Sửa đề: \(4x^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)\)
b) \(a^2+2ab+b^2\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^2\)
c) \(x^2-2xy+y^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2\)
d) \(x^2+4xy+4y^2=\left(x+2y\right)^2\)
b) \(a^2+2ab+b^2=\left(a+b\right)^2.\)
c) \(x^2-2xy+y^2=\left(x-y\right)^2.\)
d) \(x^2+4xy+4y=\left(x+2y\right)^2\)
câu a chịu
a) \(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+2\times5x+25\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+5\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2\)
c: =>(2x+3y-1)^2+(2x-3y)=0
=>2x-3y=0 và 2x+3y=1
=>x=1/4; y=1/6
d: =>2y-3=0 và 2x+3y-1=0
=>y=3/2 và 2x=1-3y=1-9/2=-7/2
=>x=-7/4 và y=3/2
1)
\(=x^2-4x+4+y^2+2y+1\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2\)
2)
\(=a^2+2ab+b^2+a^2-2ax+x^2\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a-x\right)^2\)
3)
\(=x^2-2x+1+y^2+6y+9\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2\)
4)
\(=x^2-2xy+y^2+x^2+10x+25\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+5\right)^2\)
5)
\(=a^2+2ab+b^2+4b^2+4b+1\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(2b+1\right)^2\)
1/ x2 - 4x + 5 + y2 + 2y
= ( x2 - 4x + 4 ) + ( y2 + 2y + 1 )
= ( x - 2 )2 + ( y + 1 )2
2/ 2a2 + 2ab - 2ax + x2 + b2
= ( a2 + 2ab + b2 ) + ( x2 - 2ax + a2 )
= ( a + b )2 + ( x - a )2
3/ x2 - 2x + y2 + 6y + 10
= ( x2 - 2x + 1 ) + ( y2 + 6y + 9 )
= ( x - 1 )2 + ( y + 3 )2
4/ 2x2 + y2 - 2xy + 10x + 25
= ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) + ( x2 + 10x + 25 )
= ( x - y )2 + ( x + 5 )2
5/ a2 + 2ab + 5b2 + 4b + 1
= ( a2 + 2ab + b2 ) + ( 4b2 + 4b + 1 )
= ( a + b )2 + ( 2b + 1 )2
\(e,-5x+x^2-14\)
\(=x^2+2x-7x-14\)
\(=x\left(x+2\right)-7\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x-7\right)\)
\(f,x^3+8+6x\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)+6x\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+8x+4\right)\)
\(g,15x^2-7xy-2y^2\)
\(=15x^2+3xy-10xy-2y^2\)
\(=3\left(5x+y\right)-2y\left(5x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(5x+y\right)\left(3-2y\right)\)
\(h,3x^2-16x+5\)
\(=3x^2-x-15x+5\)
\(=x\left(3x-1\right)+5\left(3x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-1\right)\left(x+5\right)\)
\(a,x^3+2x^2y+xy^2=x\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(b,4x^2-9y^2+4x-6y\)
\(=4x^2+4x+1-\left(9y^2+6y+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2-\left(3y+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x-3y\right)\left(2x+3y+2\right)\)
\(c,-x^2+5x+2xy-5y-y^2\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+5\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-y\right)^2+5\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(y-x+5\right)\)
\(d,x^2+4x-12\)
\(=x^2-2x+6x-12\)
\(=x\left(x-2\right)+6\left(x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
b)\(4x^2+4x+5+y^2-4y\)
\(=\left[\left(2x\right)^2+4x+1\right]+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\)
c) \(4x^2+5y^2+4xy-12y+9\)
\(=\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+\left(4y^2-12y+9\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(2y-3\right)^2\)