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Nowadays, one of the biggest problems human are facing with is water pollution. Water pollution is defined as the presence in groundwater of toxic chemicals and biological agents that exceed what is naturally found in the water and may pose a threat to human health and/or the environment. A lot of causes are responsible for this issue. And they lead to extremely bad consequences. I’d like to explain more in the following paragraphs.
Some typical causes of water pollution are Industrial waste, Sewage and waste water, Mining activities, Accidental Oil leakage, Burning of fossil fuels, Chemical fertilizers and pesticides, … These agents contribiute to water pollution.
And the consequences? Of course, it is human health! Human are likely to get into trouble with some diseases such as hepatitis by eating seafood that has been poisoned. Water pollution also brings about the death of aquatic (water) animals, Disruption of food-chains, Destruction of ecosystems.
In conclusion, water pollution is a alarming problem that needs to be solved as soon as possible. The sooner we solve it, the more healthy we are.
Causes of Thermal Pollution
- Industrial effluent discharge
Industries that use large amounts of water as coolant, for example in power plants, steel industries, smelters, paper and pulp mills and chemical plants, release the heated water into nearby water sources without first cooling it appropriately
- Urban runoff water
In cities that are covered by concrete and other man made materials in most parts are also causing thermal pollution. The streets, parking lots and other covered spaces are heated up by the sun. When rain or storm water falls on them, it absorbs the heat and runs of into the drains. This water is sometimes up to 10 Degrees warmer than the surrounding water. When untreated and allowed to flow into rivers seas or oceans, it causes thermal pollution in these waters.
Effects of Thermal pollution
Like the anecdote mentioned above there are ecological disturbances that occur when the temperature of water is increased.
- First and foremost the levels of Oxygen are reduced in warmer water. This leads to death of many species of fish and other organisms including plants.
- Higher temperature increases the metabolic activity of organisms in the water, causing them to consume more food. The resources of the ecosystem may not last for long in such a situation. Animals that can adapt to these conditions and are able to find more food tend to survive while others die.
- Some fish, amphibians and those that have a migratory life will avoid the spaces that are affected by thermal pollution. Bio diversity is affected as a result.
- Lesser oxygen content leads to conditions favourable for anaerobic bacteria which will increase in number. These digest their foods by fermentation, which adds to the contaminated condition of water and air.
- Changes and adaptations occurring at the cellular levels cause decreased productivity and shorter life spans. These can occur even at 2 degrees Celsius variation from normal.
- What happens when the water is colder than normal? When water is let off from dams, it is always the cooler deeper waters that are released, rather than the warmer surface water. In this case too, ecological changes occurs leading to shorter life spans, loss of species and alterations in biodiversity.
Thermal Shock
When there is an abrupt increase in the temperature of the water this leads to sudden death of all the fish and other organism in the water which are adapted to a certain temperature. This is called thermal shock. This is noticed when a power plant or an industry starts functioning for the first time and also when it has opened up after a break for repairs.
Control of Thermal Pollution
Heated water from industries can be treated before being released into the nearby water bodies. There are various mechanisms developed for this.
- Cooling ponds and cooling towers where the heat is released through evaporation convection, heat transfer and radiation. These are manmade structures.
- Cogeneration: a process by which the heated water is recycled for domestic use or industrial heating.
- Storm water runoff is directed to under-ground basins by infiltration or bio-retention. These are included in the planning of the city and part of the green infrastructure.
- Storm water basins are also in use but not as effective as these are exposed to the sun and its heat, not allowing the water to cool.
Conclusion
Though it may appear that thermal pollution may not affect humans directly, it is not true. Loss of bio diversity causes changes that affect all the aspects of the environment, because nothing is independent and no one survives completely on their own without relying on their environment.
There is the obvious effect on the food chain, where even now sea food collection has decreased dramatically, irrespective of all the food shows on TV which encourage massive consumption of a depleting food source.
Watching fish in an aquarium is a very effective relaxation therapy. Having a picnic by the river or lake is very invigorating. Listening to the buzzing of insects and the croaking of a watchful frog is companionable. Watching friendly dolphins leaping out of the water and grinning comically is very rejuvenating and inspiring.
Desiring to preserve the integrity of our environment is not selfish and planning and moving in this direction is the right thing to do.
Chỗ nào k cần thì b lược bớt nha 
Nowadays, environmental pollution is a hot issue, causing huge waves in public. There are a lot of scientific studies on this issue. Do you know that the cause of pollution originates from the tasks seeming small in our daily lives such as littering, deforestation, or the direct discharge of smoke from vehicles, factory into the environment without treatment. However, if these actions are repeated many times, gradually, the amount of pollution is increasing and has the opposite impact on our lives. The manifestation of environmental pollution is an increase in the carbon footprint in the air, soil and water, which is a gas that does not sustain life. Environmental pollution is also a direct cause of global warming, leading to a series of phenomena, such as the greenhouse effect, ice caps melting, natural disasters such as droughts, floods, volcanic eruption and so on. The sea level is rising, more and more natural disasters occur, which threaten all species, make some of which be rare or extinct, break the ecological balance on the Earth. Human beings are not exception. We are breathing polluted air, eating unsafe food. In recent years, we have seen a dramatic increase in the number of people suffering from respiratory and digestive diseases. In conclusion, environmental pollution is a matter taking a lot of concern. It is time for us to take action to overcome this current issue, to protect our own lives.
Dịch
Ngày nay, ô nhiễm môi trường là một chủ đề nóng hổi, gây lên làn sóng trong dư luận. Đã có rất nhiều công trình nghiên cứu khoa học về vấn đề này. Bạn biết không, nguyên nhân của ô nhiễm bắt nguồn từ những công việc tưởng chừng như rất nhỏ trong cuộc sống hàng ngày của chúng ta như xả rác bừa bãi, phá rừng làm rẫy, hay tù khói của xe cộ, các xí nghiệp thải trực tiếp qua môi trường mà không được xử lí. Tuy nhiên nếu những hành động này được lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần, dần dần, lượng ô nhiễm ngày càng nhiều và tác động ngược lại đến với cuộc sống của chúng ta. Biểu hiện của ô nhiễm môi trường chính là sự tăng lên vè nồng độ carbon trong không khí, đất và nước, đây là chất khí không duy trì sự sống. Ô nhiễm môi trường còn là nguyên nhân trực tiếp dẫn đến sự nóng lên toàn cầu, dẫn đến hàng loạt hiện tượng như hiệu ứng nhà kính, băng tan hai cực, các thảm họa tự nhiên như hạn hán, lũ lụt, phun trào núi lửa,... Mực nước biển ngày càng dâng cao, ngày càng nhiều các thảm họa tự nhiên xuất hiện đã đe dọa đến tất cả các loài sinh vật, khiến một số loài trở nên khan hiếm hay thậm chí là tiệt chủng, gây ra sự mất cân bằng sinh thái trên trái đất. Con người cũng không ngoại lệ. Chúng ta đang hít phải không khí ô nhiễm, ăn những thực phẩm chưa đảm bảo chất lượng. Những năm gần đây, chúng ta chứng kiến con số tăng lên đáng kể những người mắc phải các căn bệnh liên quan đến hệ hô hấp, tiêu hóa. Nói tóm lại, ô nhiễm môi trường đang là vấn đề đáng lo ngại. Đã đến lúc chúng ta phải bắt tay hành động khắc phục hiện trạng này, bảo vệ cuộc sống của chính chúng ta.
In recent years, the mass media have been reporting so much on environmental issues, attracting a great deal of attention from the public. In Vietnam, the most recently representative event is the mass death of fish from Ha Tinh province to Quang Tri province, causing huge damage to the government till hundreds of billion Dong, affecting the lives of inhabitants here. Not only Vietnam, some other countries in the region and in the world also suffer from severe environmental pollution. For example, in Beijing, China, the amount of air pollution is in excess of the permitted level, most of people here have to live with respiratory diseases. To overcome this current issue, the governments of many governments have the different measures to minimize the amount of pollution emitted to the environment. Many activities have been encouraged such as recycling, reusing, reforestation, waste collection, using alternative energy and so on. There have been a number of global campaigns to raise awareness of citizens like the Earth Hour with slogans, posters such as 'Protect our Earth', 'Green Environment', etc. In Vietnam, the government has also passed many laws fining heavily the organizations and individuals. Step by step, we are trying our best to protect the environment, turning the Earth into a wonderful place to live. Hope that in the future, the environmental pollution will no longer be a concern.
Dịch
Những năm gần đây, các phương tiện truyền thông đại chúng rầm rộ đưa tin về các vấn đề ô nhiễm môi trường, thu hút sự quan tâm lớn của cộng đồng. Ở Việt Nam, sự kiện tiêu biểu gần đây nhất là vụ cá chết hàng loạt từ cá tỉnh Hà Tĩnh cho đến Quảng Trị, làm thiệt hại của nhà nước hàng trăm tỉ đồng, ảnh hưởng đến đời sống sinh hoạt của người dân nơi đây. Không chỉ Việt Nam, một số nước khác trong khu vực và trên thế giới cũng chịu ảnh hưởng của ô nhiễm môi trường một cách nghiêm trọng. Ví dụ như ở Bắc Kinh, Trung Quốc, lượng ô nhiễm trong không khí đã vượt quá mức cho phép, đa số người dân phải sống chung với các bệnh liên quan đến hô hấp. Để khắc phục thực trạng này, chính phủ của các nước đã có những biện pháp khác nhau để giảm đến mức tối đa lượng ô nhiễm thải ra môi trường. Nhiều hoạt động được khuyến khích như tái chế, tái sử dụng, tái trồng rừng, thu gom rác thải, sử dụng năng lượng thay thế,...Đã có rất nhiều những chiến dịch mang tính chất toàn cầu nhằm nâng cao nhận thức của công dân như sự kiện Giờ Trái Đất với các tấm khẩu hiệu, áp phích như ‘Bảo vệ Trái Đất’, ‘Môi trường xanh’,... Ở Việt Nam, chính phủ cũng thông qua nhiều chế tài xử phạt nặng các doanh nghiệp, cá nhân có hành động phá hoại môi trường như săn bắn bất hợp pháp, vứt rác bừa bãi, phá rừng... Từng bước, chúng ta đang cố gắng hết sức bảo vệ môi trường trong lành, biến Trái đất thành một nơi tuyệt vời để sống. Hi vọng rằng trong tương lai gần, ô nhiễm môi trường sẽ không còn là vấn đề đáng lo ngại nữa.
* Bài này tui tự làm không biết đúng không nha
My neighbourhood is facing 3 types of pollution. Noise pollution ie the most serious, then the air pollution and the last is soil pollution. Noise pollution has a major effect on our lives. Everyday, we have to hear the terrible sound, causing us to feel uncomfortable. So we can get diseases like stess, tititus and hearing loss. The main cause of air pollution is the smg from factories and mean of transport. And soil pollution is cause by people pverused herpicides and pesticides
Where you live is a very fresh air, gentle. On each street to plant green trees on the sidewalk. Everybody throws garbage at the right place, there is no spit or spit. But here is a disturbing fact that the river, the river formerly clear, is now contaminated with chilly black water, all due to its factory nearby. I hope everyone can recover this situation quickly and thoroughly.
100% tự làm
Water pollution is a source of water contaminated with chemicals or foreign substances that are detrimental to human, plant or animal health. Almost all types of water pollution are harmful to the health of humans, animals and plants. While it may not cause immediate harm to our health, it may be harmful after long term exposure. In addition, water pollution can harm economies as it can be costly to treat and prevent pollution. The cause comes from water environmental pollutants including: fertilizers and pesticides from agricultural production; wastewater and waste from food processing; lead, mercury and other heavy metals; Chemical waste from industries. To limit the consequences that environmental pollution causes. More than anyone else, each citizen must be self-aware of his or her own work. The State and management agencies must constantly propagate to raise people's awareness. Strictly inspect and handle factories and enterprises that violate environmental regulations, tighten the ban on indiscriminate littering anywhere. It is necessary to have effective methods and means of waste treatment, to avoid the problem of stagnant garbage and pile up polluting piles. Use public transport or ride bicycles or tram to replace the vehicles that pollute the streets. Promote the planting of many green trees to create freshness and harmonize the living environment. In addition, scientific researchers or each person need to research and invent the equipment and tools to treat, recycle or sort waste to reduce effort and cost, while minimizing the amount of waste each day. Protecting the environment is a responsibility and happiness not only for anyone, let's act together for a green - clean - beautiful and safe living world. Our mission is to create a healthy and safe living environment.
Currently, the issue of environmental pollution is a hot topic in the newspapers and receives a lot of attention from the people. In particular, the problem of water pollution in Vietnam has been becoming more and more serious. Through the media, we can easily see images, as well as articles reflecting the current environmental situation. Although departments and unions make efforts to call for environmental protection, water resources protection, ... but it seems that it is not enough to improve the situation of increasing pollution. The status of planning for urban areas has not been linked to the problem of waste treatment, wastewater treatment ... so there are still outstanding in big cities, industrial zones, urban areas, ... Environmental contamination is at an alarming rate. Many people believe that the things they do are too small, not enough to harm the environment. Some people think that protecting the environment is the responsibility of the state, at all levels of the government ... while others think that whatever the environment is polluted, it will "not lose money". , and environmental pollution does not affect me much. And these thoughts will significantly affect the education as well as thinking about environmental protection of the younger generations. In short, although the environmental pollution in Vietnam is serious, it can still be saved if each citizen knows how to contribute, join hands to protect the environment. Let's shout out the slogan "For a green - clean - beautiful environment" and also for our own life as well as for generations to come.
bạn tham khảo nhé, nguồn: Definition of water pollution : is the contamination of water bodies ,such as lakes, aquifers ,groundwater ,oceans ,etc .Water pollution occurs when pollutants are directly and indirectly discharged into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds .
Suggestion:
* Water pollution is an extreme problem on a global scale which people are having to cope with on an increasingly regular basis.
- Causes : Water is polluted by a variety of reasons. Firstly, the amount of industrial and domestic sewage results in the destruction of water resources. There are many manufactures are constructed along rivers or seas so that their wastes are being dumped directly to our water. Secondly, a lack of filtering system also a main cause of this issue. Because of an expensive purifying infrastructure system, most factories avoid building one.
- Solutions : However, water pollution can be solved by two possible solutions. Governments have a strong responsible to raise the awareness of public about protecting the water environment. Mass media could be used as a method to educate people about how water is important to our society. In addition, factories need to be encouraged to build the filtering system. They could ask for supporting investment from governments or some environmental organizations to create their own effective one.
* In conclusion, water resources are at risk because of sewage come from both industries and domestic and also a lack of purifying system. However, the attitude of citizens and producers could reduce the serious of the problem.
Mudslides wreaked havoc in Southern California Tuesday amid intense rainfall across the state, demolishing homes in Santa Barbara County and killing at least 15 people. Just weeks ago, many of those areas hardest hit by mudslides were battling wildfires.Firefighters waded through debris, over piles of fallen trees and around displaced boulders in the aftermath of the storm, scouring for survivors after several homes were swept away. In one dramatic rescue, the Santa Barbara fire department pulled a 14-year-old girl from the remains of her destroyed home in Montecito. In another instance, a boy was found under a freeway overpass and rescued by firefighters; mud had carried him for hundreds of yards.
- Definition: Thermal pollution means a change in the water temperature.
- Causes:
+ Power station are one factor. They use water in the nearby lakes or rivers to cool their equipment, which heats up the water. Then they dump the hot water back into its source.
+ Thermal pollution may also happen due to the discharge of cold water from reservoirs into warm rivers.
- Effects: Most aquatic creatures need a certain temperature to survive. Warmer water has less oxygen in it, and this can harm fish populations. Besides, warmer water can cause harmful algal blooms. This can change the colour of the water like in the first picture and, more seriously, the algea poisons the fish. - Solution: In many places, they build cooling towers like in the second picture to cool down the water from power stations.