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Chú ý: \(a^2-1=\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)\)
Áp dụng:
\(A=\frac{2.4}{3^2}.\frac{3.5}{4^2}.\frac{4.6}{5^2}...\frac{49.51}{50^2}=\frac{2.3.4^2.5^2...49^2.50.51}{3^2.4^2.5^2...50^2}=\frac{2.51}{3.50}=\frac{51}{75}\)
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}\)\(=1+\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+...+\frac{1}{50.50}\)
Vì \(\frac{1}{2.2}< \frac{1}{1.2};\frac{1}{3.3}< \frac{1}{2.3};..;\frac{1}{50.50}< \frac{1}{49.50}\)nên :
\(\Rightarrow\) \(1+\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+...+\frac{1}{50.50}\)\(< 1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+....+\frac{1}{49.50}\)
Ta có : \(1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{49.50}\)
\(=1+\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}\right)\)
\(=1+\left(1-\frac{1}{50}\right)\)\(=1+\frac{49}{50}\)
Vì \(\frac{49}{50}< 1\)nên \(1+\frac{49}{50}< 2\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{49.50}< 2\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}\)\(< 1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{49.50}< 2\)
P \(=\left(1-\frac{1}{2^2}\right).\left(1-\frac{1}{3^2}\right).\left(1-\frac{1}{4^2}\right)...\left(1-\frac{1}{50^2}\right)\)
P\(=\frac{2^2-1}{2^2}.\frac{3^2-1}{3^2}.\frac{4^2-1}{4^2}...\frac{50^2-1}{50^2}\)
P \(=\frac{1.3}{2.2}.\frac{2.4}{3.3}.\frac{3.5}{4.4}...\frac{49.51}{50.50}\)
P\(=\frac{\left(1.2.3...49\right).\left(3.4.5...51\right)}{\left(2.3.4...50\right).\left(2.3.4...50\right)}\)
P\(=\frac{1.51}{50.2}=\frac{51}{100}\)
13/50+9/100+41/100+12/50
=(13/50+12/50)+(9/100+41/100)
=1/2+1/2
=1
11) Ta có:
\(\frac{120-0,5.40.5.0,2.20.0,25-20}{1+5+9+...+33+37}\)
\(=\frac{120-\left(0,5.40\right).\left(5.0,2\right).\left(20.0,25\right)-20}{1+5+9+...+33+37}\)
\(=\frac{120-20.1.5-20}{1+5+9+...+33+37}\)
\(=\frac{120-100-20}{1+5+9+...+33+37}\)
\(=\frac{0}{1+5+9+...+33+37}=0\)
Đặt \(B=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{10}+.....+\frac{1}{210}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}B=\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{20}+...+\frac{1}{420}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}B=\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{20.21}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}B=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{21}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}B=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{21}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{21}}{\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{19}{21}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{1+2}+\frac{1}{1+2+3}+....+\frac{1}{1+2+3+...+50}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{10}+...+\frac{1}{\frac{\left(1+50\right).50}{2}}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{10}+....+\frac{1}{1275}\)
\(A=\frac{2}{6}+\frac{2}{12}+\frac{2}{20}+....+\frac{2}{2550}\)
\(A=\frac{2}{2.3}+\frac{2}{3.4}+\frac{2}{4.5}+..+\frac{2}{50.51}\)
\(A=2\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{50}-\frac{1}{51}\right)\)
\(A=2\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{51}\right)=2\cdot\frac{49}{102}=\frac{49}{51}\)
\(A=1+\frac{1}{2}\left(1+2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(1+2+3\right)+...+\frac{1}{15}\left(1+2+...+15\right)+\frac{1}{16}\left(1+2+3+...+16\right)\)
\(A=1+\frac{1}{2}\cdot3+\frac{1}{3}\cdot6+\frac{1}{4}\cdot10+...+\frac{1}{15}+\left[\frac{\left(1+15\right)\cdot15}{2}\right]+\frac{1}{16}\cdot\left[\frac{\left(16+1\right).16}{2}\right]\)
\(A=1+\frac{3}{2}+2+\frac{5}{2}+....+\frac{1}{15}\cdot120+\frac{1}{16}\cdot136\)
\(A=1+\frac{3}{2}+2+\frac{5}{2}+...+8+\frac{17}{2}\)
\(A=\left(1+2+...+8\right)+\left(\frac{3}{2}+\frac{5}{2}+...+\frac{17}{2}\right)\)
Đặt \(B=1+2+...+8\)
\(C=\frac{3}{2}+\frac{5}{2}+...+\frac{17}{2}\)
\(B=1+2+...+8\)
\(\text{Ta thấy tổng B là dãy các số hạng liên tiếp từ 1 đến 8 }\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{số số hạng của B là}:\)\(\left(8-1\right)\div1+1=8\left(sh\right)\)
\(\text{Tổng B là }:\)\(\frac{\left(1+8\right)\cdot8}{2}=36\)
\(C=\frac{3}{2}+\frac{5}{2}+...+\frac{17}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\frac{3+5+...+17}{2}\)
Đặt \(D=3+5+...+17\)
\(\text{số số hạng của D là}:\)\(\left(17-3\right)\div2+1=8\left(sh\right)\)
\(\text{Tổng D là }:\)\(\frac{\left(3+17\right)\cdot8}{2}=80\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\frac{80}{2}=40\)
Thay B và C vào biểu thức A , ta được
\(A=36+40=76\)
Vậy A = 76
\(A=1+\frac{1}{2}\left(1+2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(1+2+3\right)+\frac{1}{4}\left(1+2+3+4\right)\)\(+...+\frac{1}{16}\left(1+2+3+...+16\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=1+\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2.3}{2}+\frac{1}{3}.\frac{3.4}{2}+\frac{1}{4}.\frac{4.5}{2}+...+\frac{1}{16}.\frac{16.17}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{2}{2}+\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{2}+\frac{5}{2}+...+\frac{17}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{\frac{17.18}{2}-1}{2}=76.\)
Vậy \(A=76.\)
Tổng A có 50 số hạng nên A = (1 + 50).50:2 = 1275