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\(A=a^3-b^3-ab\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)-ab\)
\(=a^2+ab+b^2-ab\) (vì \(a-b=1\))
\(=a^2+b^2\)
\(=a^2+\left(a-1\right)^2\)
\(=2a^2-2a+1\)
\(=2\left(a^2-a+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(=2\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\forall a\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra: \(\Leftrightarrow a-\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(b=a-1=\frac{1}{2}-1=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{1}{2},b=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt.
Bài 2 :
b) \(\sqrt{x+2\sqrt{x-1}}+\sqrt{x-2\sqrt{x-1}}=2\) (1)
ĐKXĐ : \(x\ge1\)
Pt(1) tương đương :
\(\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)+2\sqrt{x-1}+1}+\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)-2\sqrt{x-1}+1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+1+\left|\sqrt{x-1}-1\right|=2\) (*)
Xét \(x\ge2\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-1}-1\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|\sqrt{x-1}-1\right|=\sqrt{x-1}-1\)
Khi đó pt (*) trở thành :
\(\sqrt{x-1}+1+\sqrt{x-1}-1=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\) ( Thỏa mãn )
Xét \(1\le x< 2\) thì \(x\ge2\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-1}-1< 0\)
Nên : \(\left|\sqrt{x-1}-1\right|=1-\sqrt{x-1}\). Khi đó pt (*) trở thành :
\(\sqrt{x-1}+1+1-\sqrt{x-1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2=2\) ( Luôn đúng )
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình đã cho là \(S=\left\{x|1\le x\le2\right\}\)
Bài 1 :
a) ĐKXĐ : \(-1\le a\le1\)
Ta có : \(Q=\left(\frac{3}{\sqrt{1+a}}+\sqrt{1-a}\right):\left(\frac{3}{\sqrt{1-a^2}}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{3+\sqrt{1-a}.\sqrt{1+a}}{\sqrt{1+a}}\right)\cdot\frac{\sqrt{1-a^2}}{3}\)
\(=\frac{3+\sqrt{\left(1-a\right)\left(1+a\right)}}{\sqrt{1+a}}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{\left(1-a\right)\left(1+a\right)}}{3}\)
\(=\frac{\left(3+\sqrt{1-a^2}\right).\sqrt{1-a}}{3}\)
Vậy \(Q=\frac{\left(3+\sqrt{1-a^2}\right).\sqrt{1-a}}{3}\) với \(-1\le a\le1\)
b) Với \(a=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\) thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ \(-1\le a\le1\)nên ta có :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}1-a=1-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}=\frac{4-2\sqrt{3}}{4}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}{2^2}\\1-a^2=1-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{1-a}=\sqrt{\frac{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}{2^2}}=\left|\frac{\sqrt{3}-1}{2}\right|=\frac{\sqrt{3}-1}{2}\\\sqrt{1-a^2}=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
Do đó : \(Q=\frac{\left(3+\frac{1}{2}\right)\cdot\frac{\sqrt{3}-1}{2}}{3}=\frac{5\sqrt{3}-5}{12}\)
\(P=\frac{x+2}{\sqrt{x}^3-1}+\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{x+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(P=\frac{x+2+x-1-x-\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
2,
\(A=\frac{5\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{2}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{2}+1}{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}-\frac{7\sqrt{7}}{7}\)
\(A=\frac{5\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{2}\right)}{7-2}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}{2-1}-\sqrt{7}\)
\(A=\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}+1-\sqrt{7}=1\)
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(Q=\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)...\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2018}\right)\)
\(Q=\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{3}{4}...\dfrac{2017}{2018}\)
\(Q=\dfrac{1.2.3...2017}{2.3.4...2018}\)
\(Q=\dfrac{1}{2018}\)
Vậy \(Q=\dfrac{1}{2018}\)