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Bài 1: Tìm x, y, z
\(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4}=>\frac{x}{3\times3}=\frac{y}{4\times3}=>\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}\)
\(\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{5}=>\frac{y}{3.4}=\frac{z}{5.4}=>\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{20}\)
=> \(\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{20}\)
- Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{20}\) -> \(\frac{2x}{2\times9}=\frac{3y}{3\times12}=\frac{z}{20}\) -> \(\frac{2x}{18}=\frac{3y}{36}=\frac{z}{20}\)
-> \(\frac{2x-3y+z}{18-36+20}=\frac{6}{2}=3\)
\(\frac{x}{9}=3\rightarrow x=27\)
\(\frac{y}{12}=3\rightarrow y=36\)
\(\frac{z}{20}=3\rightarrow z=60\)
Vậy x = 27 ; y = 36 ; z = 60
Bài 2 : Tìm x, y:
5x = 2y và x.y = 40
Vì 5x = 2y => \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{5}\)
Cách 1:
\(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{5}\) và x.y = 40
Đặt \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{5}\) = k
=> x = 2.k ; y = 5.k
x.y = 40 -> 2k = 5k = 40
-> 10 . \(k^2\) = 40
-> \(k^2\) = 4 -> k = 2 hoặc k = -2
k = 4 ta có : \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{5}=2->x=4;y=10\)
k = -4 ta có : \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{5}=-2->x=-4;y=-10\)
Cách 2:
\(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{5}->\frac{x.x}{2}=\frac{x.y}{5}->\frac{x^2}{2}=\frac{40}{5}=\frac{x^2}{2}=8\)
=> \(x^2\) = 8 . 2 = 16 -> x = 4 hoặc -4
x = 4 -> 4.y = 40 => y = 10
x = -4 -> (-4).y = 40 => y = -10
Vậy x = 4 hoặc -4
y = 10 hoặc -10
\(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}\left(1\right)\\\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{15}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1),(2) suy ra \(\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{15}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{15}=\frac{2x}{18}=\frac{-3y}{-36}=\frac{z}{15}=\frac{2x-3y+z}{18-\left(-36\right)+15}=\frac{6}{69}=\frac{2}{23}\)Suy ra x =\(\frac{2}{23}\cdot9=\frac{18}{23}\)
\(y=\frac{2}{23}\cdot12=\frac{24}{23}\\ z=\frac{2}{23}.15=\frac{30}{23}\)
a) 2x = 3y =7z và x+y-z =58
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{42}=\frac{3y}{42}=\frac{7z}{42}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{21}=\frac{y}{14}=\frac{z}{6}=\frac{x+y-z}{21+14-6}=\frac{58}{29}=2\)
\(\frac{x}{21}=2\Rightarrow x=21\cdot2=42\)
\(\frac{y}{14}=2\Rightarrow y=14\cdot2=28\)
\(\frac{z}{6}=2\Rightarrow z=6\cdot2=12\)
a) |-x + 2| = -|y + 9|
=> |-x + 2| + |y + 9| = 0
Ta có: |-x + 2| \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)x
|y + 9| \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)y
=> |-x + 2| + |y + 9| \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)x; y
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi : \(\hept{\begin{cases}-x+2=0\\y+9=0\end{cases}}\) => \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=-9\end{cases}}\)
Vậy ...
b) |3x + 4| + |2y - 10| \(\le\)0
Ta có: |3x + 4| \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)x
|2y - 10| \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)y
=> |3x + 4| + |2y - 10| \(\ge\) 0 \(\forall\)x;y
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi : \(\hept{\begin{cases}3x+4=0\\2y-10=0\end{cases}}\) <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}3x=-4\\2y=10\end{cases}}\) <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{4}{3}\\y=5\end{cases}}\)
vậy ...
c) |-x - 3| + |y + 7| < 0
Ta có: |-x - 3| \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)x
|y + 7| \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)y
=> |-x - 3| + |y + 7| \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)x; y
=> ko có giá trị x, y thõa mãn đb
đặt
\(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{4}=k=>x=5k,y=4k\)
\(=>x^2.y=25k^2.4k=100\)
\(k^3=1=>k=1\)
\(=>x=5,y=4\)
Vậy x=5, y=4
Bài 1: HS tự làm
Bài 2:
\(ac=b^2\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}\Rightarrow a=c\left(a,b,c\ne0\right)^{\left(1\right)}\)
\(ab=c^2\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{c}{b}\Rightarrow a=b\left(a,b,c\ne0\right)^{\left(2\right)}\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b^{3333}}{a^{1111}c^{2222}}=\frac{b^{3333}}{a^{1111+2222}}=\frac{b^{3333}}{a^{3333}}=1\)
a/ |2x - 3| + |y - 2| = 0
Vì: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|2x-3\right|\ge0\forall x\\\left|y-2\right|\ge0\forall y\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{2}\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ |3x - 4| + |x - y| = 0
Vì: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|3x-4\right|\ge0\forall x\\\left|x-y\right|\ge0\forall x;y\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-4=0\\x-y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{4}{3}\\x=y=\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy x = y = 4/3
c/ \(\left|2x+y-1\right|+\left|2y-3\right|=0\)
Vì: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|2x+y-1\right|\ge0\forall x;y\\\left|2y-3\right|\ge0\forall y\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y-1=0\\2y-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=-y\\y=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\y=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{4}\\y=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy..........
d/ \(\left|x+y-5\right|+\left|2x-y+8\right|=0\)
Vì: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x+y-5\right|\ge0\\\left|2x-y+8\right|\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)∀x;y
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y-5=0\\2x-y+8=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=5\\2x-y=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5-y\\2\left(5-y\right)-y=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5-y\\10-2y-y=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5-y\\-3y=-18\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5-y\\y=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5-6=-1\\y=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy x = -1; y = 6
a/ |2x - 3| + |y - 2| = 0
Vì: {|2x−3|≥0∀x|y−2|≥0∀y{|2x−3|≥0∀x|y−2|≥0∀y
=> {2x−3=0y−2=0⇒⎧⎨⎩x=32y=2{2x−3=0y−2=0⇒{x=32y=2
b/ |3x - 4| + |x - y| = 0
Vì: {|3x−4|≥0∀x|x−y|≥0∀x;y{|3x−4|≥0∀x|x−y|≥0∀x;y
=> {3x−4=0x−y=0⇔⎧⎪ ⎪⎨⎪ ⎪⎩x=43x=y=43{3x−4=0x−y=0⇔{x=43x=y=43
Vậy x = y = 4/3
c/ |2x+y−1|+|2y−3|=0|2x+y−1|+|2y−3|=0
Vì: {|2x+y−1|≥0∀x;y|2y−3|≥0∀y{|2x+y−1|≥0∀x;y|2y−3|≥0∀y
=> {2x+y−1=02y−3=0⇔⎧⎨⎩2x−1=−yy=32{2x+y−1=02y−3=0⇔{2x−1=−yy=32
⇔⎧⎪ ⎪⎨⎪ ⎪⎩2x−1=−32y=32⇔⎧⎪ ⎪⎨⎪ ⎪⎩x=−14y=32⇔{2x−1=−32y=32⇔{x=−14y=32
Vậy..........
d/ |x+y−5|+|2x−y+8|=0|x+y−5|+|2x−y+8|=0
Vì: {|x+y−5|≥0|2x−y+8|≥0{|x+y−5|≥0|2x−y+8|≥0∀x;y
=> {x+y−5=02x−y+8=0{x+y−5=02x−y+8=0⇔{x+y=52x−y=−8⇔{x+y=52x−y=−8
⇔{x=5−y2(5−y)−y=−8⇔{x=5−y2(5−y)−y=−8
⇔{x=5−y10−2y−y=−8⇔{x=5−y10−2y−y=−8
⇔{x=5−y−3y=−18⇔{x=5−yy=6⇔{x=5−6=−1y=6⇔{x=5−y−3y=−18⇔{x=5−yy=6⇔{x=5−6=−1y=6
Vậy x = -1; y = 6
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