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Câu 1.
C = 5 + 42 + 43 + ... + 42020
a) Xét A = 42 + 43 + ... + 42020
=> 4A = 43 + 44 + ... + 42021
=> 4A - A = 3A
= 43 + 44 + ... + 42021 - ( 42 + 43 + ... + 42020 )
= 43 + 44 + ... + 42021 - 42 - 43 - ... - 42020
= 42021 - 42
=> A = \(\frac{4^{2021}-4^2}{3}\)
Thế vào C ta được : \(C=5+\frac{4^{2021}-4^2}{3}=\frac{15}{3}+\frac{4^{2021}-4^2}{3}=\frac{4^{2021}+15-16}{3}=\frac{4^{2021}-1}{3}\)
b) D = 42021 => \(\frac{D}{3}=\frac{4^{2021}}{3}\)
Vì 42021 - 1 < 42021 => \(\frac{4^{2021}-1}{3}< \frac{4^{2021}}{3}\)
=> C < D/3
c) Dùng kết quả ý a) ta được :
3C + 1 = 42x-6
<=> \(3\cdot\frac{4^{2021}-1}{3}+1=4^{2x-6}\)
<=> 42021 - 1 + 1 = 42x-6
<=> 42021 = 42x-6
<=> 2021 = 2x - 6
<=> 2x = 2027
<=> x = 2027/2
Câu 2.
( x - 1 )( 4 + 22 + 23 + ... + 220 ) = 222 - 221
Xét A = 22 + 23 + ... + 220
=> 2A = 23 + 24 + ... + 221
=> A = 2A - A
= 23 + 24 + ... + 221 - ( 22 + 23 + ... + 220 )
= 23 + 24 + ... + 221 - 22 - 23 - ... - 220
= 221 - 4
Thế vô đề bài ta được
( x - 1 )( 4 + 221 - 4 ) = 222 - 221
<=> ( x - 1 ).221 = 221( 2 - 1 )
<=> x - 1 = 1
<=> x = 2
(722+721+720) : (25+24+32)
=(720.72+720.7+720) : (24.2+24+32)
=[ 720.(72+7+1)] : [24.(2+1)+9]
=(720.57) : (16.3+9)
=(720.57) : (16.3+3.3)
=(720.57) : (3.19)
=\(\frac{7^{20}.57}{3.19}\)
=\(\frac{7^{20}.3.19}{3.19}\)
= 720
a) \(2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5\)
\(=\left(2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5\right)\)
\(=2^2\left(1+2\right)+2^4\left(1+2\right)\)
\(=2^2.3+2^4.3\)
\(=3\left(2^2+2^4\right)⋮3\)
b) \(4^{20}+4^{21}+4^{22}+4^{23}\)
\(=\left(4^{20}+4^{21}\right)+\left(4^{22}+4^{23}\right)\)
\(=4^{20}\left(1+4\right)+4^{22}\left(1+4\right)\)
\(=4^{20}.5+4^{22}.5\)
\(=5\left(4^{20}+4^{22}\right)⋮5\)
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\(1,2x+3x-4x=\left(-2\right)^3\)
<=>\(x=-8\)
\(2,x-2x=4^2+4^0\)
<=>\(-x=16+1\)
<=>\(-x=17\)
<=>\(x=-17\)
\(3,2^3x-3^2x=|12-21|\)
<=>\(-x=9\)
<=>\(x=-9\)
\(4,x-45=2x+54\)
<=>\(x-2x=54+45\)
<=>\(-x=99\)
<=>\(x=-99\)
\(5,5x-12+23=6^7:6^5\)
<=>\(5x+11=6^2\)
<=>\(5x+11=36\)
<=>\(5x=25\)
<=>\(x=5\)
\(\frac{2}{1^2}.\frac{6}{2^2}.\frac{12}{3^2}.\frac{20}{4^2}...\frac{110}{10^2}.x=-20\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1.2}{1^2}.\frac{2.3}{2^2}.\frac{3.4}{3^2}.\frac{4.5}{4^2}...\frac{10.11}{10^2}.x=-20\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{1}.\frac{3}{2}.\frac{4}{3}.\frac{5}{4}...\frac{11}{10}.x=-20\)
\(\Leftrightarrow11.x=-20\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-20}{11}\)