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Đặt \(S=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}}{\frac{2017}{1}+\frac{2016}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2017}}\)
Biến đổi mẫu
\(\frac{2017}{1}+\frac{2016}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(=\left(2017+1\right)+\left(\frac{2016}{2}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{2017}+1\right)-2017\)
\(=2018+\frac{2018}{2}+...+\frac{2018}{2017}+\frac{2018}{2018}-2018\)
\(=2018.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}}{2018.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}\right)}=\frac{1}{2018}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\times\frac{2}{3}\times\frac{3}{4}\times...\times\frac{n}{n+1}=\frac{1}{4}.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{n+1}=\frac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow n+1=4\Leftrightarrow n=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5^n\cdot5-5^n\cdot\dfrac{1}{5}=5^{12}\cdot24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5^n\cdot\dfrac{24}{5}=5^{12}\cdot24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5^n=5^{13}\)
hay n=13
\(N=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2018}}\)
=> \(3N=1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2017}}\)
=> \(3N-N=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2017}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2018}}\right)\)
<=> \(2N=1-\frac{1}{3^{2018}}< 1\)
<=> \(N< \frac{1}{2}\)
=> dpcm
mathx