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Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(C=\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{xz}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{xz+yz}=\dfrac{4}{xz+yz}\)
Từ \(x+y+z=3\Rightarrow x+y=3-z\)
\(\Rightarrow C\ge\dfrac{4}{xz+yz}=\dfrac{4}{z\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{4}{z\left(3-z\right)}=\dfrac{4}{-z^2+3z}\)
Lại có: \(-z^2+3z=\dfrac{9}{4}-\left(z-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow C\ge\dfrac{4}{-z^2+3z}\ge\dfrac{4}{\dfrac{9}{4}}=\dfrac{16}{9}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{3}{4};z=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Bài 2:
Từ \(5x^2-5xy+y^2+\dfrac{4}{x^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+\dfrac{4}{x^2}-4\right)+4=xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-y\right)^2+\left(x-\dfrac{2}{x}\right)^2+4\ge xy\)
Dễ thấy: \(VT\ge4\forall x;y\)\(\Rightarrow VP\ge4\forall x;y\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\sqrt{2};2\sqrt{2}\right);\left(-\sqrt{2};-2\sqrt{2}\right)\)
Bài 3:
Từ \(a^2+b^2=4a+2b+540\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-4a+4\right)+\left(b^2-2b+1\right)=545\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2=545\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\left (P-2063 \right )^2=\left [23(a-2)+4(b-1) \right ]^2\)
\(\leq (23^2+4^2)\left [ (a-2)^2+(b-1)^2 \right ]\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le545+2063=2608\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=25;b=5\)
ĐKXĐ; ...
a/ \(P=\frac{x^2}{x+4}\left[\frac{\left(x+4\right)^2}{x}\right]+9=x\left(x+4\right)+9=\left(x+2\right)^2+5\ge5\)
\(P_{min}=5\) khi \(x=-2\)
b/ \(Q=\left(\frac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right).4\left(x^2+2x+4\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\frac{4x}{x-2}\right).\frac{x\left(x-2\right)^3}{-16}\)
\(=\left(\frac{4\left(x^2-2x+4\right)-4x\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)^2}\right).\frac{-x\left(x-2\right)^3}{16}\)
\(=\frac{16}{\left(x-2\right)^2}.\frac{-x\left(x-2\right)^3}{16}=-x\left(x-2\right)=-x^2+2x\)
\(=1-\left(x-1\right)^2\le1\)
\(Q_{max}=1\) khi \(x=1\)
\(P=\frac{x^2+y^2+3}{x^2+y^2+2}\)
\(P=\frac{x^2+y^2+2+1}{x^2+y^2+2}\)
\(P=1+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+2}\)
Để P max thì \(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+2}\) max
Mà \(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+2}>0\forall x;y\)
Do đó \(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+2}\) max \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+2\) min
Mặt khác : \(x^2+y^2+2\ge2\forall x;y\)
Ta có : \(P\ge1+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=0\)
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\(A=2x^2-6x-\sqrt{7}\)
\(=2\left(x^2-3x-\sqrt{\frac{7}{2}}\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2-3x+\frac{9}{4}-\frac{9+2\sqrt{7}}{4}\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{9+2\sqrt{7}}{4}\right]\)
\(=2\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{9+2\sqrt{7}}{2}\)
Vì \(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{9+2\sqrt{7}}{2}\ge-\frac{9+2\sqrt{7}}{2}\)
Vậy \(Min_A=\frac{-9+2\sqrt{7}}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
1)
ĐK: \(x,y\neq 0\); \(x+y\neq 0\)
\(\frac{x^2-y^2}{6x^2y^2}: \frac{x+y}{12xy}\)
\(=\frac{x^2-y^2}{6x^2y^2}. \frac{12xy}{x+y}=\frac{(x-y)(x+y).12xy}{6x^2y^2(x+y)}=\frac{2(x-y)}{xy}\)
2) ĐK: \(x\neq \frac{\pm 1}{2}; 0; 1\)
\(\frac{5x}{2x+1}: \frac{3x(x-1)}{4x^2-1}=\frac{5x}{2x+1}.\frac{4x^2-1}{3x(x-1)}\)
\(=\frac{5x(2x-1)(2x+1)}{(2x+1).3x(x-1)}=\frac{5(2x-1)}{3(x-1)}\)
3) ĐK: \(x\neq \frac{\pm 1}{2}; 0\)
\(\left(\frac{2x-1}{2x+1}-\frac{2x-1}{2x+1}\right): \frac{4x}{10x-5}=0: \frac{4x}{10x-5}=0\)
4) ĐK: \(x\neq \frac{\pm 1}{3}\)
\(\frac{2}{9x^2+6x+1}-\frac{3x}{9x^2-1}=\frac{2}{(3x+1)^2}-\frac{3x}{(3x-1)(3x+1)}\)
\(=\frac{2(3x-1)}{(3x+1)^2(3x-1)}-\frac{3x(3x+1)}{(3x-1)(3x+1)^2}\)
\(=\frac{6x-2-9x^2-3x}{(3x+1)^2(3x-1)}=\frac{-9x^2+3x-2}{(3x-1)(3x+1)^2}\)
5) ĐK: \(x\neq \pm 1; \frac{-7\pm \sqrt{89}}{4}\)
\(\left(\frac{5}{x^2+2x+1}+\frac{2x}{x^2-1}\right): \frac{2x^2+7x-5}{3x-3}\)
\(=\left(\frac{5}{(x+1)^2}+\frac{2x}{(x-1)(x+1)}\right). \frac{3(x-1)}{2x^2+7x-5}\)
\(=\frac{5(x-1)+2x(x+1)}{(x-1)(x+1)^2}. \frac{3(x-1)}{2x^2+7x-5}=\frac{2x^2+7x-5}{(x+1)^2(x-1)}.\frac{3(x-1)}{2x^2+7x-5}\)
\(=\frac{3}{(x+1)^2}\)
a, \(P=\left(\dfrac{2}{x+2}-\dfrac{x}{2-x}-\dfrac{x^2}{x^2-4}\right):\dfrac{4-4x}{x^2+2x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2}{x+2}+\dfrac{-x}{x-2}-\dfrac{x^2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\right):\dfrac{4-4x}{x^2+2x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}+\dfrac{-x\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\dfrac{x^2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\right):\dfrac{4-4x}{x^2+2x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2\left(x-2\right)-x\left(x+2\right)-x^2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\right):\dfrac{4-4x}{x^2+2x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2x-4+x^2+2x-x^2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\right).\dfrac{x^2+2x}{4-4x}\)
\(=\dfrac{4x-4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}.\dfrac{-x\left(x+2\right)}{4x-4}\)
\(=-\dfrac{x}{x-2}\)
b, Để P có nghĩa
\(\Leftrightarrow x-2\ne0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\ne2\)
Thay x= -8 vào biểu thức P ,có :
\(-\dfrac{-8}{-8-2}=-\dfrac{-8}{-10}=\dfrac{8}{10}=-\dfrac{4}{5}\)
Vậy tại x = -8 giá trị của P là
c, Để P có giá trị nguyên
\(\Leftrightarrow-x⋮x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x+2-2⋮x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x-2\right)-2⋮x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2⋮x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-2\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{1;2;-1;-2\right\}\)
| \(x-2\) | 1 | 2 | -1 | -2 |
| x | 3 | 4 | 1 | 0 |
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;1;3;4\right\}\) thì P có giá trị nguyên