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a/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-5\right)^2\ge0\\\left(x-y+4\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-5\right)^2+\left(x-y+4\right)^2\ge0\)
\(A_{min}=0\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ \(B=x^2y^2-6xy+9+x^2+4x+4-16\)
\(B=\left(xy-3\right)^2+\left(x+2\right)^2-16\ge-16\)
\(B_{min}=-16\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=-\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ \(C=x^2+\frac{y^2}{4}+16+xy+8x+4y+\frac{59}{4}y^2-3y+2001\)
\(C=\left(x+\frac{y}{2}+4\right)^2+\frac{59}{4}\left(y-\frac{6}{59}\right)^2+\frac{118050}{59}\ge\frac{118050}{59}\)
\(C_{min}=\frac{118050}{59}\)
d/ \(D=\left(x^2-2x\right)\left(y^2+6y\right)+12\left(x^2-2x\right)+3\left(y^2+6y\right)+36\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x\right)\left(y^2+6y+12\right)+3\left(y^2+6y+12\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+3\right)\left(y^2+6y+12\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(x-1\right)^2+2\right]\left[\left(y+3\right)^2+3\right]\ge2.3=6\)
\(D_{min}=6\)
e/ \(E=a^2+\frac{b^2}{4}+\frac{9}{4}+ab-3a-\frac{3b}{2}+\frac{3b^2}{4}-\frac{3b}{2}+2014-\frac{9}{4}\)
\(=\left(a+\frac{b}{2}-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(y-1\right)^2+2011\ge2011\)
\(E_{min}=2011\)
1/ Đề đúng phải là \(3x^2+2y^2\) có giá trị nhỏ nhất nhé.
Áp dụng BĐT BCS , ta có
\(1=\left(\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{2}x+\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{3}y\right)^2\le\left[\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2\right]\left(2x^2+3y^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2x^2+3y^2\ge\frac{1}{5}\). Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\begin{cases}\frac{\sqrt{2}x}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{\sqrt{3}y}{\sqrt{3}}\\2x+3y=1\end{cases}\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{5}\)
Vậy \(3x^2+2y^2\) có giá trị nhỏ nhất bằng 1/5 khi x = y = 1/5
2/ Áp dụng bđt AM-GM dạng mẫu số ta được
\(6=\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2}{x}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{y}\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{x+y}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\begin{cases}\frac{\sqrt{2}}{x}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{y}\\\frac{2}{x}+\frac{3}{y}=6\end{cases}\) \(\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x=\frac{2+\sqrt{6}}{6}\\y=\frac{3+\sqrt{6}}{6}\end{cases}\)
Vậy ......................................
Bài 1:
a)
\(\sin ^2x+\sin ^2x\cot^2x=\sin ^2x(1+\cot^2x)=\sin ^2x(1+\frac{\cos ^2x}{\sin ^2x})\)
\(=\sin ^2x.\frac{\sin ^2x+\cos^2x}{\sin ^2x}=\sin ^2x+\cos^2x=1\)
b)
\((1-\tan ^2x)\cot^2x+1-\cot^2x\)
\(=\cot^2x(1-\tan^2x-1)+1=\cot^2x(-\tan ^2x)+1=-(\tan x\cot x)^2+1\)
\(=-1^2+1=0\)
c)
\(\sin ^2x\tan x+\cos^2x\cot x+2\sin x\cos x=\sin ^2x.\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}+\cos ^2x.\frac{\cos x}{\sin x}+2\sin x\cos x\)
\(=\frac{\sin ^3x}{\cos x}+\frac{\cos ^3x}{\sin x}+2\sin x\cos x=\frac{\sin ^4x+\cos ^4x+2\sin ^2x\cos ^2x}{\sin x\cos x}=\frac{(\sin ^2x+\cos ^2x)^2}{\sin x\cos x}=\frac{1}{\sin x\cos x}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\frac{\sin 2x}{2}}=\frac{2}{\sin 2x}\)
Bài 2:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy Schwarz ta có:
\(P=\frac{a^2}{\sqrt{a(2c+a+b)}}+\frac{b^2}{\sqrt{b(2a+b+c)}}+\frac{c^2}{\sqrt{c(2b+c+a)}}\)
\(\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{\sqrt{a(2c+a+b)}+\sqrt{b(2a+b+c)}+\sqrt{c(2b+c+a)}}(*)\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\((\sqrt{a(2c+a+b)}+\sqrt{b(2a+b+c)}+\sqrt{c(2b+c+a)})^2\leq (a+b+c)(2c+a+b+2a+b+c+2b+c+a)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{a(2c+a+b)}+\sqrt{b(2a+b+c)}+\sqrt{c(2b+c+a)})^2\leq 4(a+b+c)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{a(2c+a+b)}+\sqrt{b(2a+b+c)}+\sqrt{c(2b+c+a)}\leq 2(a+b+c)(**)\)
Từ \((*); (**)\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{2(a+b+c)}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy \(P_{\min}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$
\(A=x^2y^2+24xy+144+2x^2+16x+32+15\)
\(=\left(xy+12\right)^2+2\left(x+4\right)^2+15\ge15\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=-4;y=3\)
B=a2 +b2 +ab -3a -3b+2014
2B=2a2 +2b2 +2ab -6a -6b +4028
2B= (a+b)2 +(a-3)2 (b-3)2 + 4010
B=\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}+\frac{\left(a-3\right)^2}{2}+\frac{\left(b-3\right)^2}{2}+2005\) ≥2005
minB = 2005⇌\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-b\\a=3\\b=3\end{matrix}\right.\)