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\(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{y}{z}=\dfrac{z}{x}\\ \Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{y}\right)^3=\dfrac{x}{y}.\dfrac{y}{z}.\dfrac{z}{x}=1\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=1\\ \Rightarrow x=y\\ \Rightarrow y^{2017}-y^{2018}=0\\ \Rightarrow y^{2017}\left(1-y\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=0\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vì \(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{y}{z}=\dfrac{z}{x}\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{y}\right)^3=1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=1\Rightarrow x=y\)
Mà \(x^{2017}-y^{2018}=1\Rightarrow y^{2017}\left(1-y\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y^{2017}=1\\1-y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow y=\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1\\0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mà x = y
\(\Rightarrow x=\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1\\0\end{matrix}\right.\)
đk(x,y,z khác 0)
Áp dụng dãy tỉ số = nhau , ta có
\(\frac{x}{y}=\frac{y}{z}=\frac{z}{x}=\frac{x+y+z}{z+x+y}=1\Rightarrow x=y=z\)
thay vào giả thiết kia, ta có
\(x^{2017}-x^{2018}=0\Leftrightarrow x^{2017}\left(1-x\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\) (vì x khác 0)
=>x=y=z=1
Ta có:\(\dfrac{y+z+1}{x}=\dfrac{x+z+2}{y}=\dfrac{x+y-3}{z}=\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{y+z+1+x+z+2+x+y-3}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{2\left(x+y+x\right)}{x+y+z}=2\)(theo tính chất của DTSBN)
Suy ra:\(\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}=2\)=>x+y+z=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
=>y+z=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)-x
Tương tự, ta có được:
x+z=\(\dfrac{1}{2}-y\)
x+y=\(\dfrac{1}{2}-z\)
Thay các kết quả vừa tìm được, ta có:
\(\dfrac{0,5-x+1}{x}=\dfrac{0,5-y+2}{y}\dfrac{0,5-z-3}{z}=2\)=>\(\dfrac{1,5-x}{x}=\dfrac{2,5-y}{y}=\dfrac{-2,5-z}{z}=2\)
=>x=\(\dfrac{1}{2},y=\dfrac{5}{6},z=\dfrac{-5}{6}\)
Thay x=\(\dfrac{1}{2},y=\dfrac{5}{6},z=\dfrac{-5}{6}\)vào biểu thức A, ta có:
A=2018.\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)+\(\left(\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^{2017}\)+\(\left(\dfrac{-5}{6}\right)^{2017}\)
=>A=1009+\(\left[\left(\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^{2017}+\left(\dfrac{-5}{6}\right)^{2017}\right]\)
=>A=1009+0
=>A=1009
Vậy giá trị của biểu thức A là 1009
Áp dụng TCDTSBN ta có:
\(\dfrac{x+y+2017}{z}=\dfrac{y+z-2018}{x}=\dfrac{z+x+1}{y}=\dfrac{x+y+2017+y+z-2018+z+x+1}{z+x+y}=\dfrac{2x+2y+2z}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}=2\)
\(\dfrac{z+x+1}{y}=\dfrac{2}{x+y+z};\dfrac{z+x+1}{y}=2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{x+y+z}=2\\ \Rightarrow x+y+z=1\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x+y+2017}{z}=2\\\dfrac{y+z-2018}{x}=2\\\dfrac{z+x+1}{y}=2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+2017=2z\\y+z-2018=2x\\z+x+1=2y\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=3z-2017\\y+z+x=3x+2018\\z+x+y=3y-1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3z-2017=1\\3x+2018=1\\3y-1=1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3z=2018\\3x=-2017\\3y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}z=\dfrac{2018}{3}\\x=\dfrac{-2017}{3}\\y=\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-2017}{3}\\y=\dfrac{2}{3}\\z=\dfrac{2018}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lời giải:
\(A=\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{x+y}\)
\(A+3=\left(\frac{x}{y+z}+1\right)+\left(\frac{y}{z+x}+1\right)+\left(\frac{z}{x+y}+1\right)\)
\(A+3=\frac{x+y+z}{y+z}+\frac{x+y+z}{z+x}+\frac{x+y+z}{x+y}\)
\(A+3=2017\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)\)
\(A+3=2017.\frac{1}{672}=\frac{2017}{672}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{2017}{672}-3=\frac{1}{672}\)
5a.
\(\dfrac{1}{1.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.5}+....+\dfrac{1}{19.21}\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+....+\dfrac{1}{19}-\dfrac{1}{21}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{21}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{20}{21}=\dfrac{10}{21}\)
b.
\(\dfrac{1}{1.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+....+\dfrac{1}{2n-1}-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right)< \dfrac{1}{2}.1=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{y}{z}=\dfrac{z}{x}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{y+z+x}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\y=z\\z=x\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
Từ dữ liệu đề bài: \(x^{2017}-y^{2018}=0\Leftrightarrow x^{2017}-x^{2018}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^{2018}-x^{2017}=0\Leftrightarrow x^{2017}\left(x-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(loai\right)\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=y=z=1\)
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