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Đặt \(f\left(x\right)=10x\)
Khi đó ta có \(f\left(1\right)=10=P\left(1\right)\), \(f\left(2\right)=20=P\left(2\right)\), \(f\left(3\right)=30=P\left(3\right)\)
Do đó \(P\left(x\right)-f\left(x\right)=g\left(x\right).\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\left(x\right)=10+g\left(x\right).\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
Vì \(P\left(x\right)\)là đa thức bậc 4 mà \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\)là đa thức bậc 3 nên \(g\left(x\right)\)là đa thức bậc 1 hay \(g\left(x\right)=x+n\)
Vậy \(P\left(x\right)=\left(x+n\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)+10\)
\(\Rightarrow P\left(12\right)=\left(12+n\right)\left(12-1\right)\left(12-2\right)\left(12-3\right)=\left(n+12\right).11.10.9=990\left(n+12\right)\)
\(=990n+11880\)
Và \(P\left(-8\right)=\left(-8+n\right)\left(-8-1\right)\left(-8-2\right)\left(-8-3\right)=\left(n-8\right)\left(-9\right)\left(-10\right)\left(-11\right)\)\(=-990\left(n-8\right)=-990n+7920\)
Vậy \(\frac{P\left(12\right)+P\left(-8\right)}{10}+25=\frac{990n+11880-990n+7920}{10}+25=\frac{19800}{10}+25=2005\)
Ta có:
\(P\left(1\right)=a+b+c+d+1\)
\(P\left(2\right)=8a+4b+2c+d+16\)
\(P\left(3\right)=27a+9b+3c+d+81\)
\(\Rightarrow100P\left(1\right)-198P\left(2\right)+100P\left(3\right)\)
\(=100\left(a+b+c+d+1\right)-198\left(8a+4b+2c+d+16\right)+100\left(27a+9b+3c+d+81\right)\)
\(=1216a+208b+4c+2d+5032=100.10-198.20+100.30=40\)
Ta lại có:
\(f\left(12\right)+f\left(-8\right)=12^4+12^3a+12^2b+12c+d+8^4-8^3a+8^2b-8c+d\)
\(=\left(1216a+208b+4c+2d+5032\right)+19800\)
\(=40+19800=19840\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{19840}{10}+25=2009\)
Đặt \(G\left(x\right)=f\left(x\right)-10x\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{f\left(x\right)=G\left(x\right)+10x}\)và \(G\left(x\right)\)có bậc 4 có hệ số cao nhất là 1
Từ đề bài ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}G\left(1\right)=f\left(1\right)-10=0\\G\left(2\right)=f\left(2\right)-20=0\\G\left(3\right)=f\left(3\right)-30=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow x=1;2;3\)là 3 nghiệm của\(G\left(x\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow G\left(x\right)\)có dạng \(G\left(x\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x-k\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}G\left(12\right)=\left(12-1\right)\left(12-2\right)\left(12-3\right)\left(12-k\right)=11880-990k\\G\left(-8\right)=\left(-8-1\right)\left(-8-2\right)\left(-8-3\right)\left(-8-k\right)=7920+990k\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}f\left(12\right)=G\left(12\right)+12\times10=12000-990k\\f\left(-8\right)=G\left(-8\right)+10\times\left(-8\right)=7840+990k\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(12\right)+f\left(-8\right)=12000-990k+7840+990k=19840\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{19840}{10}+25=2009\)
Xét đa thức g(x) = f(x) - 10x \(\Rightarrow\)bậc của đa thức g(x) bằng 4
Từ giả thiết suy ra g(1) = g(2) = g(3) = 0
Mà g(x) có bậc bốn nên \(g\left(x\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x-a\right)\)(a là số thực bất kì)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x-a\right)+10x\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}f\left(8\right)=7.6.5.\left(8-a\right)+80\\f\left(-4\right)=\left(-5\right).\left(-6\right).\left(-7\right).\left(-4-a\right)-40\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(8\right)+f\left(-4\right)=5.6.7\left(8-a+4+a\right)+40\)
\(=2520+40=2560\)
Vậy \(f\left(8\right)+f\left(-4\right)=2560\)
Bài 1:
\(A=\sqrt{5-2\sqrt{6}}+\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{6}}=\sqrt{2+3-2\sqrt{2.3}}+\sqrt{2+3+2\sqrt{2.3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3})^2}+\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3})^2}\)
\(=|\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}|+|\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}|=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}=2\sqrt{3}\)
\(B=(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{6})\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}\)
\(=(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{6}).\sqrt{3+5-2\sqrt{3.5}}\)
\(=(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{6})\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})=\sqrt{2}(5-3)=2\sqrt{2}\)
\(C=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{7}}+\sqrt{4-\sqrt{7}}\)
\(C^2=8+2\sqrt{(4+\sqrt{7})(4-\sqrt{7})}=8+2\sqrt{4^2-7}=8+2.3=14\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\sqrt{14}\)
\(D=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1).\sqrt{2}\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1).\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1).\sqrt{5+1-2\sqrt{5.1}}\)
\(=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1).\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-1)^2}\)
\(=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1)^2=(3+\sqrt{5})(6-2\sqrt{5})=2(3+\sqrt{5})(3-\sqrt{5})=2(3^2-5)=8\)
Bài 2:
a) Bạn xem lại đề.
b) \(x-2\sqrt{xy}+y=(\sqrt{x})^2-2\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{y}+(\sqrt{y})^2=(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})^2\)
c)
\(\sqrt{xy}+2\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{y}-6=(\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{y}+2\sqrt{x})-(3\sqrt{y}+6)\)
\(=\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{y}+2)-3(\sqrt{y}+2)=(\sqrt{x}-3)(\sqrt{y}+2)\)