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TOPIC 4: WORD FORM-PARTS OF SPEECH-.TỪ LOAI
Supply the correct word form:
1/Most of films are produced for.....ENTERTAINMENT.......(entertain)
2. She was really.......IMPRESSED.........by the beauty of Ha Noi capital (impress).
3. She made a deep....IMPRESSION........on the members of her class (impress)
4. Their..........FRIENDSHIP...... made me happy. (friendly)
5. Many.........VISITORS........ come to HCM's Mausoleum everyday ( visit )
6. We enjoyed the.....PEACEFUL...........atmosphere in Ha Noi (peace)
7. Ha Noi is not.......DIFFERENT............from Kuala Lumpur (difference)
8. The girls went to see.......FAMOUS......... places in HCM City (fame).
9. The...........NATIONAL.........language in Malaysia is Bahasa Malaysia (nation).
10. In Malaysia,.....EDUCATION...........is free (educate).
11. What is the main language of .....INSTRUCTION..........at that school ? (instruct).
12. The old man walked........SLOWLY........... to the park (slow).
13. Don't forget to drive...........CAREFULLY.....(care).
14. That's ..........WONDERFUL........ ! I'm pleased that you work very hard. (wonder)
15. He is one of the most famous........ENVIRONMENTALISTS.............in the world. (environment)
16. If we go on littering, the environment will become.......SERIOUSLY......... polluted. (serious)
17. I think I'll take your......ADVICE.. .... . .. and get the green dress.(advise)
18. There are nine planets in the ......SOLAR..........system. (sun).
19. The new laws will become.....EFFECTIVE.........next month. (effect)
20. I felt such a sense of.........FREEDOM....., up in hills alone. (free)
21. It wasn't very.......CONSIDERATION.........of you to drink all the milk (consider)
22. I was so......PROUD........ that my son had been chosen for the national team. (pride)
23. He is going to.....COLLECT.........all the bags. (collection)
the..
24. If the.....POLLUTION..........continues, what will happen? ( pollute)
25. I strongly.........DISAGREED.......with the director's decision. I think it is unfair ( agree )
26. Floods and earthquakes are.......NATURAL........disasters (nature).
27. Leonardo made many scientific.......DISCOVEIES........ (discover)
28. The........MAJORITY.........of the employees have university degrees (major).
29. Da Nang will be.....CLOUDY........with windy showers (cloud).
30. These hills were formed by..........VOCANIC.......eruptions (volcano)
31. Such a war would be...........DISASTROUS........for the country (disaster).
32. The little boy look......HEALTHY........nough ( health)
33. The story about UFOs caught the........imagination......... .of the whole class (imagine)
34. He is a famous.........SCIENTIST........(science).
35. He has manyprojects (science).
36. They.........INVITED.........me to their family to Hue last year (invitation)
37. It was an..............ENJOYABLE.......day (enjoy)
38. She sings very........BEAUTIFULLY.............(beautiful)
39. The accident happens because of driving.......CARELESSLY........... (care)
40. You should..........RELAX.........for an hour (relaxation)
II. Supply the correct word form:
1. There is a.........PARKING...........lot near my house (park)
2. Some young people today have a very strange.......APPEARANCE.........(appear)
3. Her clothes look very modern and.......FASHIONABLE........... ( fashion )
4. Many designers took......INSPIRATION.............from Viet Nam's ethnic minorities (inspire )
5. What a.........COLORFUL....... T- shirt ! ( color )
6. ............TRADITIONALY........ , the Ao dai was frequently worn by both men and women. (tradition)
7. What is your...........FAVORITE.......type of clothing? (favor)
8. He is a very famous........MUSICIAN..............(music)
9. The......SALE...............of jeans stopped growing. (sell)
10. I don't like wearing a...................sweater. (sleeve)
11. She likes to wear.......FADED..............Jean cloth. (fade)
12. In the 18th century, Jean cloth was made....COMPLETELY........
from cotton. (complete)
13. They have just ..........INTRODUCED.............a new style of jeans in the USA (introduction)
14. Some designers have......MODERNIZED.......... the Ao dai by printing lines of poetry on it ( modern )
15. They had an ........ENJOYABLE...........day by the river. ( enjoy )
16. It is an............INTERESTIING....program. (interest)
17. This book is........USEFUL...........It provides me with a lot of valuable information. ( use )
18. He has a fine stamp..........COLLECTION...... (collect)
19. It was an ........ENJOYABLE.............. day. ( enjoy )
20. She sings very..........BEAUTIFULLT........(beautiful)
21. The accident happens because of driving CARELESSLY
22. He has a fine stamp......COLLECTION......(collect)
23. It is an........INTERESTING...........journey. (interest)
24. Ba has a largeo foreign stamps.............COLLECTION.......... (collect)
25. You should..........RELAX............for an hour. (relaxation)
26. There is a .........PARKING...........lot near my house. (park)
27. We saw ........BEAUTIFUL........... girls there. (beauty)
28. Thay had an .........ENJOYABLE......... day by the river. ( enjoy )
29. It is an ........INTERESTING........... program. ( interest )
30. We felt........INTERESTED...........in the show. (interest)
31. I'm very.........WORRIED.........because they use electricity to catch fish (worry).
32. The........CONSERVATIONISTS...........are cleaning the beach. (conserve)
33. We must do something to stop ......DEFORESTATION.......... ( forest )
34. We should preserve our.........NATURAL.......resources. ( nature)
III. Supply the correct word form;
1/. I am having a.........WONDERFUL..........time here.(wonder)
2/. Maryam was really impressed by the.......FRIENDLINESS............of its people. (friend)
3/. Bahasa Malaysia is also known.......SIMPLY.........as Malay. (simple)
4/. Islam is the country's.....OFFICIAL...........religion. (office )
5/. Maryam was very.........INTERESTED............in the beauty of the city. ( interest)
6/. She was impressed because Ha Noi people were.........FRIENDLY........... (friend)
7/. The girls visited many........BEAUTIFUL...........parks and lakes in Ha Noi. (beauty)
8/. It seems very.........DIFFICULT...........for me to have a trip abroad. (difficulty)
9/. Liverpool is an......INDUSTRIAL.............city, north of England. (industry)
10/. English, Chinese and Tamil are also........WIDELY........spoken. (wide)
11/. Which of these is your fa
vorite........ACTIVITIES...........in your free time? ( action)
12/. The Kien Thuc Ngay Nay is.......WIDELY...........read by both teenagers and adults.( wide)
(complete)
luction).
13/. Thanks to TV, people can enjoy programs in.......CONVENIENT.........
way. (convenience)
14/. Viewers can watch a..........VARIETY...........of local and international programs. (various)
15/. The next stage in the........DEVELOPMENT.............of television is interactive TV. ( develop)
16/. I think the news is very.......INFORMATIVE...........(information )
17/. The Internet has.......INCREASINGLY...........developed and become part of our everyday life. (increase)
18/. Do you find the Internet..........USEFUL........ ? ( use )
19/. For me, the Internet is a wonderful.......INVENTION.......of modern life. ( invent)
20/ The Internet is a means of..........EDUCATION..........(educate)
21/. The journey to the village is very..........INTERESTING......... (interest)
(care)
22/. We........HURRIEDLY.............. gathered our things and ran to the bus stop. (hurry)
23/. We were.......LUCKY......... to catch the last bus. (luck)
24/. There is a big old banyan tree at the.........ENTRANCE..........to the village. (enter)
25/. Everyone felt.......TIRED.........after the long journey. (tire)
26/. In the 18th century jean cloth was made......COMPLETELY....... from cotton. ( complete )
27/. The worldwide.......ECONOMIC.............situation got worse in the 1990s. ( economy)
28/. Wearing casual clothes makes students feel...COMFORTABLE............
from cotton. (complete )
29/. Wearing casual clothes gives students.........FREEDOM..........of choice. (free)
30/. The ao dai is the......TRADITIONAL.........dress of Vietnamese women. (tradition)
TOPIC 4: WORD FORM-PARTS OF SPEECH-.TỪ LOAI
Supply the correct word form:
1/Most of films are produced for.....ENTERTAINMENT.......(entertain)
2. She was really........IMPRESSED........by the beauty of Ha Noi capital (impress).
3. She made a deep......IMPRESSION......on the members of her class (impress)
4. Their........FRIENDLINESS........ made me happy. (friendly)
5. Many..........VISITORS....... come to HCM's Mausoleum everyday ( visit )
6. We enjoyed the.......PEACEFUL.........atmosphere in Ha Noi (peace)
7. Ha Noi is not..........DIFFERENT.........from Kuala Lumpur (difference)
8. The girls went to see.......FAMOUS......... places in HCM City (fame).
9. The...........INTERNATIONAL.........language in Malaysia is Bahasa Malaysia (nation).
10. In Malaysia,........EDUCATION........is free (educate).
11. What is the main language of ........INSTRUCTION.......at that school ? (instruct).
12. The old man walked..........SLOWLY......... to the park (slow).
13. Don't forget to drive........CAREFULLY........(care).
14. That's .........WONDERFUL......... ! I'm pleased that you work very hard. (wonder)
15. He is one of the most famous...........ENVIRONMENTALISTS..........in the world. (environment)
16. If we go on littering, the environment will become........SERIOUSLY........ polluted. (serious)
17. I think I'll take your........ADVICE .... . .. and get the green dress.(advise)
18. There are nine planets in the ........SOLAR........system. (sun).
19. The new laws will become.......EFFECTIVE.......next month. (effect)
20. I felt such a sense of........FREEDOM......, up in hills alone. (free)
21. It wasn't very........CONSIDERABLE........of you to drink all the milk (consider)
22. I was so......PROUD........ that my son had been chosen for the national team. (pride)
23. He is going to......COLLECT........all the bags. (collection)
the..
24. If the.......POLLUTION........continues, what will happen? ( pollute)
25. I strongly........DISAGREE........with the director's decision. I think it is unfair ( agree )
26. Floods and earthquakes are.......NATURAL........disasters (nature).
27. Leonardo made many scientific........DISCOVERY....... (discover)
28. The.........MAJORITY........of the employees have university degrees (major).
29. Da Nang will be.......CLOUDY......with windy showers (cloud).
30. These hills were formed by........VOLCANIC.........eruptions (volcano)
31. Such a war would be...........DISASTROUS........for the country (disaster).
32. The little boy look.......HEALTHY.......nough ( health)
33. The story about UFOs caught the.........IMAGINATION........ .of the whole class (imagine)
34. He is a famous.........SCIENTIST........(science).
35. He has manyprojects (science).
36. They..........INVITE........me to their family to Hue last year (invitation)
37. It was an...........ENJOYABLE..........day (enjoy)
38. She sings very...........BEAUTIFULLY..........(beautiful)
39. The accident happens because of driving.........CARELESSLY......... (care)
40. You should...........RELAX........for an hour (relaxation)
II. Supply the correct word form:
1. There is a...........PARKING.........lot near my house (park)
2. Some young people today have a very strange.......APPEARANCE.........(appear)
3. Her clothes look very modern and........FASHIONABLE.......... ( fashion )
4. Many designers took.........INSPIRATION..........from Viet Nam's ethnic minorities (inspire )
5. What a........COLORFUL........ T- shirt ! ( color )
6. ...........TRADITIONALLY......... , the Ao dai was frequently worn by both men and women. (tradition)
7. What is your........FAVORITE..........type of clothing? (favor)
8. He is a very famous...........MUSICIAN............(music)
9. The..........SELLER...........of jeans stopped growing. (sell)
10. I don't like wearing a...........SLEEVELESS........sweater. (sleeve)
11. She likes to wear..........FADED...........Jean cloth. (fade)
12. In the 18th century, Jean cloth was made......COMPLETELY......
from cotton. (complete)
13. They have just ...........INTRODUCED............a new style of jeans in the USA (introduction)
14. Some designers have........MODERNIZED........ the Ao dai by printing lines of poetry on it ( modern )
15. They had an .........ENJOYABLE..........day by the river. ( enjoy )
16. It is an..........INTERESTING......program. (interest)
17. This book is........USEFUL...........It provides me with a lot of valuable information. ( use )
18. He has a fine stamp........COLLECTION........ (collect)
19. It was an ..........ENJOYABLE............ day. ( enjoy )
20. She sings very........BEAUTIFULLY..........(beautiful)
21. The accident happens because of driving
22. He has a fine stamp......COLLECTION......(collect)
23. It is an.......INTERESTING............journey. (interest)
24. Ba has a largeo foreign stamps...........COLLECTION............ (collect)
25. You should...........RELAX...........for an hour. (relaxation)
26. There is a ..........PARKING..........lot near my house. (park)
27. We saw ...........BEAUTIFUL........ girls there. (beauty)
28. Thay had an ..........ENJOYABLE........ day by the river. ( enjoy )
29. It is an ........INTERESTING........... program. ( interest )
30. We felt........INTERESTED...........in the show. (interest)
31. I'm very.........WORRIED.........because they use electricity to catch fish (worry).
32. The........CONSERVATION...........are cleaning the beach. (conserve)
33. We must do something to stop .........DEFORESTING....... ( forest )
34. We should preserve our.......NATURAL.........resources. ( nature)
III. Supply the correct word form;
1/. I am having a.........WONDERFUL..........time here.(wonder)
2/. Maryam was really impressed by the.........FRIENDLINESS..........of its people. (friend)
3/. Bahasa Malaysia is also known.....SIMPLY...........as Malay. (simple)
4/. Islam is the country's.........OFFICIAL.......religion. (office )
5/. Maryam was very.............INTERESTED........in the beauty of the city. ( interest)
6/. She was impressed because Ha Noi people were.............FRIENDLY....... (friend)
7/. The girls visited many........BEAUTIFUL...........parks and lakes in Ha Noi. (beauty)
8/. It seems very..........DIFFICULT..........for me to have a trip abroad. (difficulty)
9/. Liverpool is an........INDUSTRIAL...........city, north of England. (industry)
10/. English, Chinese and Tamil are also......WIDELY..........spoken. (wide)
11/. Which of these is your fa
vorite.........ACTIVITY..........in your free time? ( action)
12/. The Kien Thuc Ngay Nay is........WIDELY..........read by both teenagers and adults.( wide)
(complete)
luction).
13/. Thanks to TV, people can enjoy programs in........CONVENIENT........
way. (convenience)
14/. Viewers can watch a..........VARIETY...........of local and international programs. (various)
15/. The next stage in the........DEVELOPMENT.............of television is interactive TV. ( develop)
16/. I think the news is very........INFORMATIVE..........(information )
17/. The Internet has.......INCREASINGLY...........developed and become part of our everyday life. (increase)
18/. Do you find the Internet.......USEFUL........... ? ( use )
19/. For me, the Internet is a wonderful.......INVENTION.......of modern life. ( invent)
20/ The Internet is a means of........EDUCATION............(educate)
21/. The journey to the village is very.........INTERESTING.......... (interest)
(care)
22/. We..........HURRIEDLY............ gathered our things and ran to the bus stop. (hurry)
23/. We were........LUCKY........ to catch the last bus. (luck)
24/. There is a big old banyan tree at the.........ENTRANCE..........to the village. (enter)
25/. Everyone felt........TIRED........after the long journey. (tire)
26/. In the 18th century jean cloth was made.......COMPLETELY...... from cotton. ( complete )
27/. The worldwide.........ECONOMIC...........situation got worse in the 1990s. ( economy)
28/. Wearing casual clothes makes students feel.......COMPLETELY........
from cotton. (complete )
29/. Wearing casual clothes gives students...........FREEDOM........of choice. (free)
30/. The ao dai is the.........TRADITIONAL......dress of Vietnamese women. (tradition)
Give the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. She is selling a lot of clothes at a huge __reduction__ ( reduce )
2. we carried ___provision____ with us ( provide )
3. ___prevention____ is better than cure . ( prevent )
4. we must stop the ___pollution__ of our beaches ( pollute)
5. Affter a lot of __persuasion____ , he agreed to come. ( persude)
6. It was very ___careless__ of you to leave the medicine where the children could get it. ( care)
Give the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. She is selling a lot of clothes at a huge __reduction__ ( reduce )
2. we carried ___provision____ with us ( provide )
3. ___prevention____ is better than cure . ( prevent )
4. we must stop the ___pollution__ of our beaches ( pollute)
5. Affter a lot of __persuasion____ , he agreed to come. ( persude)
6. It was very ___careless__ of you to leave the medicine where the children could get it. ( care
1] The air in the city is polluted.
2] Please listen to the lecture carefully.
3] An accident happened because of driving carelessly.
4] He was disappointed that they were not coming.
5] Air and water pollution can make people fall ill.
6] Plas bags will cause pollution.
7] Mr. Brown is one of the conservatives.
8] We should make our world less polluted.
9] I’m disappointed that you didn’t do your homework.
10] Listen to me carefully you can solve the problem.
3. The old man looked disappointedly at his herd of cattle ( disappoint)
6. It only takes a second's carelessness to cause an accident ( care)
8. The goverment has planned to oppose deforestation (forest)
10. Young generation should join the discussion on creating and maintaining a healthy lifestyle ( health)
13. Who encourages the use of environmentally friendly product ? ( enviroment)
14. My father gave up smoking because he knows it is harmful to health ( harm)
15. The vegetables were spayed a lot of pesticide so they became poisonous (poison)
16. He believes that unemployment is socially divisive (divide)
17. Because exhaust fume in the air, more and more people will cope with respiratory problem nowadays ( respire)
19 Reduction of garbage makes our enviroment clearer anf clearer ( reduce)
20. Prevention measure of bird flu have just been announced nationwide (prevent)
22. These days beaches are covered with pollution (pollute)
24. I have a special diet to reduce harmful high sugar levels in blood ( harm )
25. The American Red cross helps people prevent and respond to poisoning (poison)
EX1: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the orignal sentence.use the world given in brackets.do not change the form of the given word
1.If you don't believe it,you'll never be able to do it. (OR)
-> Believe it or you'll never be able to do it.
2.You should study harder (DO)
-> Do study harder! ( ??? )
EX2: Fill each gap in the following sentences with a phrasal verb in the box.Use each phrasal verb only ONCE and write your answer in the number box. PUT THE VERBS INTO THEIR CORRECT FORM : account for, call off, come accross, fill out, grow up, keep up with, look out, look forward to, stand up, take care of, turn down,turn off
1.I coundn't...turn down...an offer like that!
2.Bill walks so fast that it's difficult..to keep up with...him.
3.Julie..came across....some photographs of her grand parents in the atic.
4.I'll...take care of..your plants while you are away..
5.I hope you can..account for..the money you spent.
6.He. in a small village in the moutains.
7.Look out..!There is a step.
8.The pupils..stood up...when the headmaster
9.Please.fill out..the endclosed form and return it as soon as possible.
10.The meeting was .called of..because of the strike.
I. Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets to complete the sentences.
1. He always (81. come)comes on time but this morning he (82. come)came just a few minutes before the class (83. be)was over.
2. Hurry up! Everyone (84. wait)is waiting for you.
3. My children enjoy (85. allow)being allowed (86. stay)to stay up late when there is something special on TV.
4. He (87. not, finish)hasn't finished his work yet. He only (88. start)started an hour ago.
5. Mary wasn’t wearing her glasses at that time, so she (89. not, notice didn't notice what kind of car the man (90. drive) had driven
I. Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets to complete the sentences.
1. He always (81. comes) on time but this morning he (82. came) just a few minutes before the class (83. was) over.
2. Hurry up! Everyone (84. is waiting) for you.
3. My children enjoy (85. being allowed) (86. to stay) up late when there is something special on TV.
4. He (87.has not finished) his work yet. He only (88. started) an hour ago.
5. Mary wasn’t wearing her glasses at that time, so she (89. did not notice what kind of car the man (90. was driving)
II. WORD FORMS. (1.5 pts)
1. The _____ sweater that my mother bought is very cheap (SLEEVE)
2. The workers have made significant efforts to achieve greater _Efficiency__ in the production progress.(EFFICIENT)
3. Solving the problem of __deforestation____ can help to save the environment (FOREST)
4. Mary has made a good ____DECISion__ on this matter. (DECIDE)
5. Nowadays, the internet is ____ used. We can see many products advertised on it (COMMERCE)
6. Tim is a man of many __Acquaintances____. (ACCQUAINT)
7. The water here is drinkable because it is ___polluted____. (POLLUTE)
8. My teacher gave me much ___PROFITion___ advice before the exam. (PROFIT)
9. If a fairy __MAGICALLY_ appeared and told you that you had three wishes, what would they be (MAGIC)
10. As this problem is _unimportant____, you don’t need to pay much attention to it. (IMPORTANT)
I. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. In order to keep our environment ......unpolluted...... , we shouldn’t drop litter in public places. (pollute)
2. Don’t pump ....sewage........ into seas and rivers or it will pollute them. (sew)
3. Don’t throw away .......used..... bottles, papers, and glass. Take them to recycling centres. (use)
4. If we keep on .....polluting....... the air, more people will suffer from respiratory diseases. (pollution)
5. The local authorities have received many letters of ........complaint.... about the industrial wastes from that factory. (complain)
II. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Ba was ......seriously...... ill right after eating those ......poisonous...... mushrooms. (serious / poison)
2. ......Conservationists...... are interested in the protection of the environment. (conserve)
3. Without .......electricity..... , some people wouldn’t catch fish. (electric)
4. Shhh. Listen ......carefully...... to the conservationist teaching us how to protect the environment. (care)
5. What is responsible for the .....environmental....... problems in your city? (environment)
III. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Make sure the use of ......pesticide...... is not harmful to farm workers’ health. (pest)
2. .....Congratulations....... ! You have successfully held the clean-up campaign. (congratulate)
3. Use public transport or we won’t .....minimise....... pollution. (minimum)
4. If ......deforestation...... continues, there will be no forest left ten years from now. (forest)
5. The rising level of air pollution has caused concern among .......envrionmentalists..... . (environment)
Supply the correct word form of the words in brackets:
1. Lan speaks English so ..........fluently................ that she can understand what Peter wants to inform us. (FLUENT)
2. We hope to have ...........sunny.............. weather during our holiday. (SUN)
3. You have to be responsible for your ............................... when you are 18. (BEHAVE)
4. TV can make things more .............memorable................. because it brings both sounds and pictures. (MEMORY)
5. The composers drew ............inspiration............. for his music from his surroundings. (INSPIRE)
Part 4 (1.0 point)
Each sentence contains ONE mistake. Find and correct the mistake:
Ex: He used to walking in the rain. walk
1. I advise you starting => to start looking for a flat at once. ______
2. When living in the countryside, Tom usually goes swimming with his friends. ______
3. I prefer to watch => watching a live concert to listening to music on the radio. ______
4. It is raining, therefore => so we can’t go to the beach. ______
5. There are => will be too much exhaust fume in the air in the city. ______
Part 5: (1.0 point)
Rewrite the following sentences so that the second sentences mean exactly the same as the sentences before it. Start the sentences with the words given:
1. He said, “ Let’s keep sheets with single printed page for drafting”
He suggested that…………………………they should keep sheets with single printed page for drafting……...........................................................
2. Is it alright if you take care of the children?
Do you mind ....................................................any troubles taking care of the children?.............................................................
5. Peter is too short to reach the picture.
Peter is not .....tall enough to reach the picture..........................
EXERCISES
Exercise 1 – Put the verbs in brackets in the correct verb tense form.
1. Please don’t make so much noise. I (study) ...am studying...
2. My father usually (have) ..has.... tea for breakfast.
3. What ....was.. you (do) ..doing.... at this time yesterday ?
4. I (watch) ..watched.... that film with my sister last week.
5. We (study) ..have studied.... almost every lesson in this book so far.
6. He (win) ..won.... the gold medal in 2009.
7. We (not see) ...haven't seen.. your father for ages.
8. He (type) ...had typed... ten letters by lunchtime yesterday.
9. All of you (take) .are going to take..... the graduation examination in two months’ time.
10. By the end of this year, I (work) ..have been working.... here for 18 years.
11. He (see) ....saw.. her while he (walk) ...walked... down the street.
12. I thought they (wait) ...... for us for half an hour.
13. After he (do) ..had done.... his homework, he went to the cinema.
14. We (not see) ..haven't seen.... her since she (leave) ..left.... school.
15. When I (be) .was..... a boy, I often (go) ...went... fishing with my teacher.
16. When I (leave) .left..... my office last night, it (still..
Exercise 2 – Rewrite each of the following sentences in such a way that it has a similar meaning to the original one.
1. I have never read this kind of book before.
- It is the first time ...I have read this kind of book...
2. I have never read such an interesting novel.
- This is the most .interesting novel I have ever read.....
3. She began to work as a secretary in 2005.
- She has ..worked as a secretary since 2005....
4. He hasn’t seen his sister since she left for Japan.
⇒ He last saw his sister when she left for Japan.