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mầy câu 1;3;;4;5 cách làm nhu nhau(nhân liên hop hoac bình phuong lên)
1.
\(DK:x\in\left[-4;5\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}+\left(\sqrt{x+4}-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}+\frac{x-5}{\sqrt{x+4}+3}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}\left(1+\frac{\sqrt{x-5}}{\sqrt{x+4}+3}\right)=0\)
Vi \(1+\frac{\sqrt{x-5}}{\sqrt{x+4}+3}>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-5}=0\)
\(x=5\left(n\right)\)
Vay nghiem cua PT la \(x=5\)
2.
\(DK:x\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)^2}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow|\sqrt{x}-2|+|\sqrt{x}-3|=1\)
Ta co:
\(|\sqrt{x}-2|+|\sqrt{x}-3|=|\sqrt{x}-2|+|3-\sqrt{x}|\ge|\sqrt{x}-2+3-\sqrt{x}|=1\)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(3-\sqrt{x}\right)\ge0\)
TH1:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}-2\ge0\\3-\sqrt{x}\ge0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow4\le x\le9\left(n\right)}\)
TH2:(loai)
Vay nghiem cua PT la \(x\in\left[4;9\right]\)
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6.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge2\)
\(\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}+\sqrt{x+3}=\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}-\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{x+3}-\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)-\sqrt{x+3}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{x+3}\right)\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-2}=\sqrt{x+3}\\\sqrt{x-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=x+3\left(vn\right)\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
4.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge4\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x-4}=t\ge0\Rightarrow x=t^2+4\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(t^2+4\right)+7t=14t-20\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3t^2-7t+34=0\)
Phương trình vô nghiệm
5.
ĐKXĐ: ...
- Với \(x=0\) ko phải nghiệm
- Với \(x\ne0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+1}-1\ne0\) , nhân 2 vế của pt cho \(\sqrt{x+1}-1\) và rút gọn ta được:
\(\sqrt{x+1}+2x-5=\sqrt{x+1}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=4\Rightarrow x=2\)
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1)
ĐK: \(x\geq 5\)
PT \(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{4(x-5)}+3\sqrt{\frac{x-5}{9}}-\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{9(x-5)}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{4}.\sqrt{x-5}+3\sqrt{\frac{1}{9}}.\sqrt{x-5}-\frac{1}{3}.\sqrt{9}.\sqrt{x-5}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{x-5}-\sqrt{x-5}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x-5}=6\Rightarrow \sqrt{x-5}=3\Rightarrow x=3^2+5=14\)
2)
ĐK: \(x\geq -1\)
\(\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{x+6}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{x+1}-2)+(\sqrt{x+6}-3)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{x+1-2^2}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}+\frac{x+6-3^2}{\sqrt{x+6}+3}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{x-3}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}+\frac{x-3}{\sqrt{x+6}+3}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-3)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+6}+3}\right)=0\)
Vì \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+6}+3}>0, \forall x\geq -1\) nên $x-3=0$
\(\Rightarrow x=3\) (thỏa mãn)
Vậy .............
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Giải pt :
1
a. ĐKXĐ : \(x\ge4\)
Ta có :
\(\sqrt{x+3}-\sqrt{x-4}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}=1+\sqrt{x-4}\\ \Leftrightarrow x+3=x-3+2\sqrt{x-4}\\ \Leftrightarrow6=2\sqrt{x-4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3=\sqrt{x-4}\\ \Leftrightarrow x-4=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=13\) (TM ĐKXĐ)
Vậy \(S=\left\{13\right\}\)
b.ĐKXĐ : \(-3\le x\le10\)
Ta có :
\(\sqrt{10-x}+\sqrt{x+3}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow13+2\sqrt{-x^2+7x+30}=25\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{-x^2+7x+30}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow-x^2+7x+30=36\\ \Leftrightarrow-x^2+7x-6=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-x^2+x+6x-6=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-x\left(x-1\right)+6\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(6-x\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\left(TMĐKXĐ\right)\\x=6\left(TMĐKXĐ\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{1;6\right\}\)
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Bài 4 :
\(a,\sqrt{x-1}=2\)
=> \(x-1=2^2=4\)
=>\(x=4+1=5\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{5\right\}\)
\(b,\sqrt{x^2-3x+2}=2\)
=> \(x^2-3x+2=2\)
=> \(x^2-3x=2-2=0\)
=>\(x.\left(x-3\right)=0\)( phân tích đa thức thanh nhân tử )
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x-3=0=>x=0+3=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;3\right\}\)
MÌNH Biết vậy thôi ,
Bài 4 :
c) \(\sqrt{4x+1}=x+1\)ĐK : \(x\ge-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x+1=\left(x+1\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+1-4x-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)( thỏa )
d) \(\sqrt{x+2\sqrt{x-1}}-\sqrt{x-2\sqrt{x-1}}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1+2\sqrt{x-1}+1}-\sqrt{x-1-2\sqrt{x-1}+1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\sqrt{x-1}+1\right|-\left|\sqrt{x-1}-1\right|=2\)
+) Xét \(x\ge2\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+1-\sqrt{x-1}+1=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2=2\)( luôn đúng )
+) Xét \(1\le x< 2\):
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+1-1+\sqrt{x-1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)( loại )
Vậy \(x\ge2\)
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1) ta có : \(x\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-x-1=\sqrt{x}\left(x+1\right)-\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
2) ta có : \(\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}+1=\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{b}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{b}-1\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{b}-1\right)\)
3) ta có : \(x-\sqrt{x}-2=x+\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}-2\)
\(=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)-2\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)=\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)
4) ta có : \(x-3\sqrt{x}+2=x-\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)-2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)=\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\)
5) ta có : \(-6x+5\sqrt{x}+1=-6x+6\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}+1\)
\(=6\sqrt{x}\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)+\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)=\left(6\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)\)
6) ta có : \(x+4\sqrt{x}+3=x+\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{x}+3\)
\(=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)+3\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)=\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)
7) ta có : \(3\sqrt{a}-2a-1=-2a+2\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{a}-1\)
\(=-2\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)+\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)=\left(1-2\sqrt{a}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\)
8) ta có : \(x+2\sqrt{x-1}=x-1+2\sqrt{x-1}+1\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x-1}+1\right)^2\)
9) ta có : \(7\sqrt{x}-6x-2=-6x+3\sqrt{x}+4\sqrt{x}-2\)
\(=-3\sqrt{x}\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)+2\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)=\left(2-3\sqrt{x}\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\)
10) ta có : \(x-5\sqrt{x}+6=x-2\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{x}+6\)
\(=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)-3\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)=\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\)
11) ta có : \(x-2+\sqrt{x^2-4}=\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{x-2}\left(\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{x+2}\right)\)
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Mình giải trước mấy câu dễ dễ ha.
(Tự add điều kiện vào)
Câu 1: \(2\left(2x+1\right)=\sqrt{x+2}-\sqrt{1-x}\)\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(2x+1\right)=\frac{x+2-\left(1-x\right)}{\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{1-x}}\)
Thấy \(x=-\frac{1}{2}\) (thoả ĐKXĐ) là nghiệm pt.
Xét \(x\ne-\frac{1}{2}\) thì pt tương đương \(2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{1-x}}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{1-x}=2\) (1)
Bình phương lên: \(x+2+1-x+2\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)\left(1-x\right)}=4\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)\left(1-x\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\) (2)
Đến đây từ (1) và (2) dùng định lí Viete đảo thấy pt vô nghiệm.
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Câu 2: (Tư tưởng đổi biến quá rõ ràng)
Đặt \(a=\sqrt{x+3},b=\sqrt{6-x}\). Có hệ: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b-ab=\frac{6\sqrt{2}-9}{2}\\a^2+b^2=9\end{cases}}\)
(Tự giải tiếp nha bạn. Tới đây đặt \(S=a+b,P=ab\) là ra thôi)
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Câu 4: Đặt \(y=x^2\) thì pt trở thành \(y^2+\sqrt{y+2016}=2016\) (\(y\) không âm)
(Bạn tự CM \(y=k=\frac{\sqrt{8061}-1}{2}\) là nghiệm)
Xét \(0\le y< k\) thì vế trái \(< 2016\), xét \(y>k\) thì vế phải \(>2016\).
Vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất \(y=k\) như trên. Hay pt đầu có 2 nghiệm (cộng trừ)\(\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{8061}-1}{2}}\)
ĐKXĐ \(x\ge1\)
PT
<=> \(\sqrt[3]{x+6}-2+\sqrt{x-1}-1+x^2-4=0\)
<=> \(\frac{x-2}{\sqrt[3]{\left(x+6\right)^2}+2\sqrt[3]{x+6}+4}+\frac{x-2}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}+\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\left(tmđkxđ\right)\\\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\left(x+6\right)^2}+2\sqrt[3]{x+6}+4}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}+x+2=0\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
PT (2) vô nghiệm do VT>0 với \(x\ge1\)
Vậy x=2