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1. Tính:
a. \(\dfrac{\text{−1 }}{\text{4 }}+\dfrac{\text{5 }}{\text{6 }}=\dfrac{-3}{12}+\dfrac{10}{12}=\dfrac{7}{12}\)
b. \(\dfrac{\text{5 }}{\text{12 }}+\dfrac{\text{-7 }}{8}=\dfrac{10}{24}+\dfrac{-21}{24}=\dfrac{-11}{24}\)
c. \(\dfrac{-7}{6}+\dfrac{-3}{10}=\dfrac{-35}{30}+\dfrac{-9}{30}=\dfrac{-44}{30}=\dfrac{-22}{15}\)
d.\(\dfrac{-3}{7}+\dfrac{5}{6}=\dfrac{-18}{42}+\dfrac{35}{42}=\dfrac{17}{42}\)
2. Tính :
a. \(\dfrac{2}{14}-\dfrac{5}{2}=\dfrac{2}{14}-\dfrac{35}{14}=\dfrac{-33}{14}\)
b.\(\dfrac{-13}{12}-\dfrac{5}{18}=\dfrac{-39}{36}-\dfrac{10}{36}=\dfrac{49}{36}\)
c.\(\dfrac{-2}{5}-\dfrac{-3}{11}=\dfrac{-2}{5}+\dfrac{3}{11}=\dfrac{-22}{55}+\dfrac{15}{55}=\dfrac{-7}{55}\)
d. \(0,6--1\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{6}{10}--\dfrac{5}{3}=\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{5}{3}=\dfrac{9}{15}+\dfrac{25}{15}=\dfrac{34}{15}\)
3. Tính :
a.\(\dfrac{-1}{39}+\dfrac{-1}{52}=\dfrac{-4}{156}+\dfrac{-3}{156}=\dfrac{-7}{156}\)
b.\(\dfrac{-6}{9}-\dfrac{12}{16}=\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{8}{12}-\dfrac{9}{12}=\dfrac{-17}{12}\)
c. \(\dfrac{-3}{7}-\dfrac{-2}{11}=\dfrac{-3}{7}+\dfrac{2}{11}=\dfrac{-33}{77}+\dfrac{14}{77}=\dfrac{-19}{77}\)
d.\(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...\dfrac{1}{8.9}+\dfrac{1}{9.10}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{1}+\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(=\dfrac{10}{10}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
= \(\dfrac{9}{10}\)
Chế Kazuto Kirikaya thử tham khảo thử đi !!!
Mấy câu trên kia dễ rồi mình chữa mình câu \(c\) bài \(3\) thôi nhé Kazuto Kirikaya
d) \(\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9\cdot10}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(=\dfrac{9}{10}\)
8)\(\frac{4}{9}:\left(-\frac{1}{7}\right)+6\frac{5}{9}:\left(-\frac{1}{7}\right)\)
=\(\frac{4}{9}:\left(-\frac{1}{7}\right)+\frac{59}{9}:\left(-\frac{1}{7}\right)\)
=\(\left(\frac{4}{9}+\frac{59}{9}\right).\left(-7\right)\)
=7.(-7)
=-49
a)\(\dfrac{x+1}{10}+\dfrac{x+1}{11}+\dfrac{x+1}{12}=\dfrac{x+1}{13}+\dfrac{x+1}{14}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{10}+\dfrac{1}{11}+\dfrac{1}{12}\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{14}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{10}+\dfrac{1}{11}+\dfrac{1}{12}-\dfrac{1}{13}-\dfrac{1}{14}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-1\)
b)\(\dfrac{x+4}{2014}+\dfrac{x+3}{2015}=\dfrac{x+2}{2016}+\dfrac{x+1}{2017}\)
\(1+\dfrac{x+4}{2014}+1+\dfrac{x+3}{2015}=1+\dfrac{x+2}{2016}+1+\dfrac{x+1}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+2018}{2014}+\dfrac{x+2018}{2015}=\dfrac{x+2018}{2016}+\dfrac{x+2018}{2017}\)
Giải tương tự câu a ta được \(x=-2018\)
a) \(\dfrac{x+1}{10}+\dfrac{x+1}{11}+\dfrac{x+1}{12}=\dfrac{x+1}{13}+\dfrac{x+1}{14}\)
\(\Rightarrow6006\left(x+1\right)+5460\left(x+1\right)+5005\left(x+1\right)=4620\left(x+1\right)+4290\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(6006+5460+5005\right)\cdot\left(x+1\right)=\left(4620+4290\right)\cdot\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16471\left(x+1\right)=8910\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16471x+16471=8910x+8910\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16471x-8910x=8910-16471\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7561x=-7561\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-1\)
Vậy \(x=-1\)
b) \(\dfrac{x+4}{2014}+\dfrac{x+3}{2015}=\dfrac{x+2}{2016}+\dfrac{x+1}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow4096749040\left(x+4\right)+4094735904\left(x+3\right)=4092704785\left(x+2\right)+4090675680\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4096769040x+16387076160+4094735904x+12284207712=4092704785x+8185409570+4090675680x+4090675680\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8191504944x+28671283872=8183380465x+12276085250\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8191504944x-8183380465x=12276085250-28671283872\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8124479x=-16395198622\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-2018\)
Vậy \(x=-2017\)
P/s: đây không phải cách làm tối ưu, vì vậy mình nghĩ bạn nên tham khảo từ các bài làm khác nhé!
a) \(\dfrac{12}{47}\) và \(\dfrac{11}{53}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{11}{47}>\dfrac{11}{53}\) mà \(\dfrac{12}{47}>\dfrac{11}{47}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{12}{47}>\dfrac{11}{53}\)
a) Ta có :\(\dfrac{12}{47}>\dfrac{12}{48}=\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{11}{44}>\dfrac{11}{53}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{12}{47}>\dfrac{11}{53}\)
b) Ta có : \(\dfrac{456}{461}=1-\dfrac{5}{461}\)
\(\dfrac{123}{128}=1-\dfrac{5}{128}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{5}{461}< \dfrac{5}{128}\Rightarrow1-\dfrac{5}{461}>1-\dfrac{5}{128}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{456}{461}>\dfrac{123}{128}\)
c) Ta có :\(\dfrac{12}{47}>\dfrac{12}{48}=\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{19}{76}>\dfrac{19}{77}\)
=> \(\dfrac{12}{47}>\dfrac{19}{77}\)
d) Ta có : \(13A=13.\dfrac{13^{15}+1}{13^{16}+1}=\dfrac{13^{16}+13}{13^{16}+1}=\dfrac{13^{16}+1+12}{13^{16}+1}=1+\dfrac{12}{13^{16}+1}\)
\(13B=13.\dfrac{13^{16}+1}{13^{17}+1}=\dfrac{13^{17}+13}{13^{17}+1}=\dfrac{13^{17}+1+12}{13^{17}+1}=1+\dfrac{12}{13^{17}+1}\)
Ta thấy : \(\dfrac{12}{13^{16}+1}>\dfrac{12}{13^{17}+1}\Rightarrow1+\dfrac{12}{13^{16}+1}>1+\dfrac{12}{13^{17}+1}\Rightarrow\dfrac{13^{15}+1}{13^{16}+1}>\dfrac{13^{16}+1}{13^{17}+1}\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^4+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{98}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{99}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^4+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{97}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{98}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B-B=1-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{99}\)
\(B=1-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{99}\)
\(2,\)
\(a,\dfrac{45^{10}.2^{10}}{75^{15}}\)
\(=\dfrac{5^{10}.9^{10}.2^{10}}{25^{15}.3^{15}}\)
\(=\dfrac{5^{10}.3^{20}.2^{10}}{5^{30}.3^{15}}\)
\(=\dfrac{5^{10}.3^{15}.\left(3^5.2^{10}\right)}{5^{10}.3^{15}.\left(5^{20}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3^5.2^{10}}{5^{20}}\)
\(b,\dfrac{2^{15}.9^4}{6^3.8^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{2^{15}.3^8}{2^3.3^3.2^9}=\dfrac{2^{15}.3^8}{2^{12}.3^3}=2^3.3^5\)
\(c,\dfrac{8^{10}+4^{10}}{8^4+4^{11}}=\dfrac{4^{10}.2^{10}+4^{10}}{4^4.2^4+4^4.4^7}=\dfrac{4^4.\left(4^6.2^{10}+4^6\right)}{4^4.\left(2^4+4^7\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4^{11}+4^6}{4^8.4^7}=\dfrac{4^6.\left(4^5+1\right)}{4^6.\left(4^2-4\right)}=\dfrac{1024+1}{16-4}=\dfrac{1025}{12}\)
\(d,\dfrac{81^{11}.3^{17}}{27^{10}.9^{15}}=\dfrac{3^{44}.3^{17}}{3^{30}.3^{30}}=\dfrac{3^{61}}{3^{60}}=3\)
\(3,\)
\(a,\left(2x+4\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\left(2x+4\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{-1}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+4=\dfrac{1}{2}\\2x+4=\dfrac{-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=\dfrac{1}{2}-4=\dfrac{-7}{2}\\2x=\dfrac{-1}{2}-4=\dfrac{-9}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-7}{4}\\x=\dfrac{-9}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{\dfrac{-7}{4};\dfrac{-9}{4}\right\}\)
\(b,\left(2x-3\right)^2=36\)
\(\left(2x-3\right)^2=6^2=\left(-6\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-3=6\\2x-3=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=6+3=9\\2x=-6+3=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{9}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{\dfrac{9}{2};\dfrac{-3}{2}\right\}\)
\(c,5^{x+2}=628\)
\(5^{x+2}=5^4\)
\(\Rightarrow x+2=4\)
\(\Rightarrow x=4-2=2\)
Vậy \(x=2\)
\(d,\left(x-1\right)^{x+2}=\left(x-1\right)^{x+4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^{x+4}-\left(x-1\right)^{x+2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^{x+2}.\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-1\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^{x+2}=0\\\left(x-1\right)^2-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\\left(x-1\right)^2=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x-1=1\\x-1=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;1;2\right\}\)
Bài 1:
B= \(\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{99}\)
2B= \(2.[\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{99}]\)
2B= \(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{98}\)
⇒2B-B= \(1-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{99}\)
B= 1
Vậy B=1
Bài 2:
a, \(\dfrac{45^{10}.2^{10}}{75^{15}}\)= \(\dfrac{\left(3^2.5\right)^{10}.2^{10}}{\left(3.5^2\right)^{15}}=\dfrac{3^{20}.5^{10}.2^{10}}{3^{15}.5^{30}}=\dfrac{3^5.2^{10}}{5^{20}}\)
b, \(\dfrac{2^{15}.9^4}{6^3.8^3}=\dfrac{2^{15}.\left(3^2\right)^4}{\left(2.3\right)^3.\left(2^3\right)^3}=\dfrac{2^{15}.3^8}{2^3.3^3.2^9}=\dfrac{2^{15}.3^8}{2^{12}.3^3}=2^3.3^5\)
c,\(\dfrac{8^{10}+4^{10}}{8^4+4^{11}}=\dfrac{\left(2.4\right)^{10}+4^{10}}{\left(2.4\right)^4+4^{11}}=\dfrac{2^{10}.4^{10}+4^{10}}{2^4.4^4+4^{11}}=\dfrac{4^{10}.\left(2^{10}+1\right)}{4^6+4^6.4^5}=\dfrac{4^{10}.\left(2^{10}+1\right)}{4^6.\left(4^5+1\right)}=\dfrac{4^{10}.\left(2^{10}+1\right)}{4^6.\left(2^{10}+1\right)}=4^4=256\)
d, \(\dfrac{81^{11}.3^{17}}{27^{10}.9^{15}}=\dfrac{\left(3^4\right)^{11}.3^{17}}{\left(3^3\right)^{10}.\left(3^2\right)^{15}}=\dfrac{3^{44}.3^{17}}{3^{30}.3^{30}}=\dfrac{3^{61}}{3^{60}}=3\)
Bài 3:
a, \(\left(2x+4\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\left(2x+4\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
\(2x+4=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(2x=\dfrac{1}{2}-4\)
\(2x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\)
\(x=-\dfrac{7}{2}:2\)
\(x=-\dfrac{7}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(x=-\dfrac{7}{4}\)
b, \(\left(2x-3\right)^2=36\)
\(\left(2x-3\right)^2=6^2\)
\(2x-3=6\)
\(2x=9\)
\(x=\dfrac{9}{2}\)
c, \(5^{x+2}=625\)
\(5^{x+2}=5^4\)
\(x+2=4\)
\(x=2\)
a) \(2\left(4x-30\right)-3\left(x+5\right)+4\left(x-10\right)=5\left(x+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8x-60-3x+15+4x-40=5x+10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x-35=5x+10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x-5x=10+35\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x=45\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{45}{4}=11,25\)
b) \(\dfrac{11}{12}-\left(\dfrac{2}{5}+x\right)=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(6x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{11}{12}-\left(\dfrac{2}{5}+x\right)=4x+\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{31}{60}+x=4x+\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{31}{60}-\dfrac{2}{3}=4x-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x=\dfrac{1}{60}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{180}\)
c) \(\dfrac{7}{3}-\left(2x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)=\left(-2\dfrac{1}{6}+1\dfrac{1}{2}\right):0,25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{7}{3}-2x+\dfrac{1}{3}=-1\dfrac{2}{3}:\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8}{3}-2x=\dfrac{-5}{3}.4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8}{3}-2x=\dfrac{-20}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=\dfrac{8}{3}+\dfrac{20}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=\dfrac{28}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=4\dfrac{2}{3}\)
d) \(0,75+\dfrac{5}{9}:x=5\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{5}{9}:x=\dfrac{11}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{9}:x=\dfrac{11}{2}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{9}:x=\dfrac{19}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{9}:\dfrac{19}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{20}{171}\)
a: \(=\left(\dfrac{5}{15}-\dfrac{12}{9}\right)+\left(\dfrac{14}{15}+\dfrac{11}{25}\right)+\dfrac{2}{7}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)+\dfrac{70+33}{75}+\dfrac{2}{7}\)
\(=-1+\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{103}{75}=\dfrac{-5}{7}+\dfrac{103}{75}=\dfrac{346}{525}\)
b: \(4\cdot\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=4\cdot\dfrac{-1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{-1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}=0\)
c: \(\dfrac{10^3+5\cdot10^2+5^3}{6^3+3\cdot6^2+3^3}=\dfrac{5^3\cdot8+5\cdot5^2\cdot2^2+5^3}{3^3\cdot2^3+3\cdot2^2\cdot3^2+3^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{5^3\left(8+4+1\right)}{3^3\left(8+4+1\right)}=\dfrac{125}{27}\)
e: \(\dfrac{2^8\cdot9^2}{6^4\cdot8^2}=\dfrac{2^8\cdot3^4}{3^4\cdot2^4\cdot2^6}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Ta có : a, 25/7 + 13/21 - 11/7 + 17/21 + 1/3 .
= ( 25/7 - 11/7 ) + ( 13/21 + 17/21 + 1/3 ) .
= 2 + ( 20/21 + 7/21 ) .
= 2 + 9/7 .
= 23/7 .
b, ( 1/3 + 12/67 + 13/41 ) - ( 79/67 - 28/41 ) .
= 1/3 + 12/67 + 13/41 - 79/67 + 28/41 .
= 1/3 + ( 12/67 - 79/67 ) + ( 13/41 + 28/41 ) .
= 1/3 - 1 + 1 .
= 1/3 .
c, ( 11/4 . -5/9 - 4/9 . 11/4 ) . 8/33 .
= [ 11/4 . ( -5/9 - 4/9 ) ] . 8/33 .
= [ 11/4 . ( - 1 ) ] . 8/33 .
= -11/4 . 8/33 .
= -2/3 .
d, 38/45 - ( 8/45 - 17/51 - 3/11 ) .
= 38/45 - 8/45 + 17/51 + 3/11 .
= 2/3 + 17/51 + 3/11 .
= 374/561 + 187/561 + 153/561 .
= 14/11 .
a. Xét phân số trung gian là \(\dfrac{72}{78}\) , ta thấy:
\(\dfrac{72}{73}>\dfrac{72}{78}\)
\(\dfrac{58}{78}< \dfrac{72}{78}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{72}{73}>\dfrac{58}{78}\)
b. Xét phân số trung gian là \(\dfrac{n}{n+2}\) , ta thấy:
\(\dfrac{n}{n+3}< \dfrac{n}{n+2}\)
\(\dfrac{n}{n+2}< \dfrac{n+1}{n+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{n}{n+3}< \dfrac{n+1}{n+2}\)
c. Ta có: \(\dfrac{10^{11}-1}{10^{12}-1}< 1\) (vì tử < mẫu)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{10^{11}-1}{10^{12}-1}< \dfrac{\left(10^{11}-1\right)+11}{\left(10^{12}-1\right)+11}=\dfrac{10^{11}+10}{10^{12}+10}=\dfrac{10^{10}+1}{10^{11}+1}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{10^{11}-1}{10^{12}-1}< \dfrac{10^{10}+1}{10^{11}+1}\)
d. Xét phân số trung gian là \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) , ta thấy:
\(\dfrac{12}{47}>\dfrac{12}{48}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{19}{77}< \dfrac{19}{76}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{12}{47}>\dfrac{19}{77}\)