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a: \(=\dfrac{4a^2-4a+1-4a^2-2a+6a+3}{\left(2a-1\right)\left(2a+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{\left(2a-1\right)\left(2a+1\right)}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{x-1-x-1+2x^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=2\)
d: \(=\dfrac{x-5+6x}{x\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{7x-5}{x\left(x+3\right)}\)
e: \(=\dfrac{x^2-4+3}{x-2}=\dfrac{x^2-1}{x-2}\)
i: \(=\dfrac{x}{x\left(x-4\right)}-\dfrac{3}{5x}=\dfrac{1}{x-4}-\dfrac{3}{5x}\)
\(=\dfrac{5x-3x+12}{5x\left(x-4\right)}=\dfrac{2x+12}{5x\left(x-4\right)}\)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐt cauchy dạng phân thức:
\(\dfrac{1}{2x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y}\ge\dfrac{4}{3\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x+3y\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y}\right)\ge\left(3x+3y\right).\dfrac{4}{3x+3y}=4\)
dấu = xảy ra khi 2x+y=x+2y <=> x=y
Bài 2:
ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{d}\ge\dfrac{4^2}{a+b+c+d}=\dfrac{16}{a+b+c+d}\)(theo BĐt cauchy-schwarz)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+b+c+d}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{d}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT trên vào bài toán ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)\)\(A\le\dfrac{1}{16}.4\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
......
dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c
Bài 2:
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy cho 2 số dương:
\(a^2+1\ge2a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}\le\dfrac{a}{2a}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
thiết lập tương tự:\(\dfrac{b}{b^2+1}\le\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{c}{c^2+1}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
cả 2 vế các BĐT đều dương ,cộng vế với vế,ta có dpcm
dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Bài 1:
a). Ta có: a < b
=> -6a > -6b
mà 3 > 1
=> \(3-6a>1-6b\)
b)
Ta có: a < b
=> a - 2 < b - 2
=> \(7\left(a-2\right)< 7\left(b-2\right)\)
c)
Ta có: a < b
=> -2a > -2b
=> 1 - 2a > 1 - 2b
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1-2a}{3}>\dfrac{1-2b}{3}\)
1: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)+3\left(x+1\right)=3+x^2-x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+1=x^2-4+3x+3=x^2+3x-1\)
=>-4x=-2
hay x=1/2
2: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+6\right)^2+\left(x-5\right)^2=2x^2+23x+61\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+12x+36+x^2-10x+25=2x^2+23x+61\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+23x+61=2x^2+2x+11\)
=>21x=-50
hay x=-50/21
3: \(\Leftrightarrow6\left(x-8\right)+\left(x+2\right)\left(x-5\right)=-18-\left(x-5\right)\left(x-8\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x-48+x^2-3x-10+18+x^2-13x+40=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-10x=0\)
=>2x(x-5)=0
=>x=0(nhận) hoặc x=5(loại)
e) = \(\dfrac{3}{2\left(x+3\right)}\) - \(\dfrac{x-6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
= \(\dfrac{3x}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\) - \(\dfrac{x-6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\) = \(\dfrac{3x-x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
= \(\dfrac{2x-6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
= \(\dfrac{2\left(x-3\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
c) = \(\dfrac{2\left(a^3-b^3\right)}{3\left(a+b\right)}\) . \(\dfrac{6\left(a+b\right)}{a^2-2ab+b^2}\)
= \(\dfrac{-2\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)}{3\left(a+b\right)}\) . \(\dfrac{6\left(a+b\right)}{a^2-2ab+b^2}\)
= \(\dfrac{-2\left(a+b\right)}{1}\) . \(\dfrac{2}{1}\) = -4 (a+b)
Bài 2:
a, ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\pm1;x\ne\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
\(P=\left(\dfrac{x-1}{x+1}-\dfrac{x}{x-1}-\dfrac{3x+1}{1-x^2}\right):\dfrac{2x+1}{x^2-1}\)
\(P=\left(\dfrac{x-1}{x+1}-\dfrac{x}{x-1}+\dfrac{3x+1}{x^2-1}\right).\dfrac{x^2-1}{2x+1}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^2-x\left(x+1\right)+3x+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}.\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{2x+1}\)
\(P=\dfrac{x^2-2x+1-x^2-x+3x+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}.\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{2x+1}\)
\(P=\dfrac{2}{2x+1}\)
b, ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\pm1;x\ne\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
Để \(P=\dfrac{3}{x-1}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{2x+1}=\dfrac{3}{x-1}\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-1\right)=3\left(2x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-2=6x+3\)\(\Leftrightarrow-4x=5\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-5}{4}\)(TMĐK)
c, \(ĐKXĐ:x\ne\pm1;x\ne\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
Để \(P\in Z\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{2x+1}\in Z\Leftrightarrow2x+1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2\right\}\)
+) Với \(2x+1=1\Leftrightarrow x=0\left(TMĐK\right)\)
+) Với \(2x+1=-1\Leftrightarrow x=-1\left(KTMĐK\right)\)
+) Với \(2x+1=2\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(TMĐK\right)\)
+) Với \(2x+1=-2\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-3}{2}\left(TMĐK\right)\)
Vậy để \(P\in Z\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{0;\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{-3}{2}\right\}\)
\(\left(\dfrac{a-3}{a}-\dfrac{a}{a-3}+\dfrac{9}{a^2-3a}\right):\dfrac{2a+2}{a}=\left(\dfrac{a-3}{a}-\dfrac{a}{a-3}+\dfrac{9}{a\left(a-3\right)}\right):\dfrac{2a+2}{a}=\left(\dfrac{a^2-6a+9}{a\left(a-3\right)}-\dfrac{a^2}{a\left(a-3\right)}+\dfrac{9}{a\left(a-3\right)}\right):\dfrac{2a+2}{a}=\left(\dfrac{a^2-6a+9-a^2+9}{a\left(a-3\right)}\right):\dfrac{2a+2}{a}=\dfrac{18-6a}{a\left(a-3\right)}:\dfrac{2a+2}{a}=\dfrac{6a-18}{\left(-a\right)\left(3-a\right)}:\dfrac{2a+2}{a}=\dfrac{6}{\left(-a\right)}:\dfrac{2a+2}{a}=\dfrac{6a}{\left(-2a^2\right)+\left(-2a\right)}.DKXD:a\ne0;a\ne3\)
a, \(\dfrac{x^2-x}{x-2}+\dfrac{4-3x}{x-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-x+4-3x}{x-2}=\dfrac{x^2-4x+4}{x-2}\)
c) \(\dfrac{2}{x^2-9}+\dfrac{1}{x+3}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{x+3}=\dfrac{1\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{x-3}{x^2-9}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{x^2-9}+\dfrac{1}{x+3}=\dfrac{2}{x^2-9}+\dfrac{x-3}{x^2-9}=\dfrac{2+x-3}{x^2-9}=\dfrac{x-1}{x^2-9}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacốpxki dạng phân thức có
\(\dfrac{a^2}{a+2b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+2c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+2a^2}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+2b^2+b+2c^2+c+2a^2}=\dfrac{9}{3+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\) (1)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacốpxki có:
\(\left(a.1+b.1+c.1\right)^2\ge\left(1+1+1\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow9\ge3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\Rightarrow3\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\le6\) (2)
Thay (2) vào (1) có \(\dfrac{a^2}{a+b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+2c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+a^2}\ge\dfrac{9}{3+6}=1\) (đpcm)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a= b=c=1
Cái này đâu có b đâu bạn